diff --git a/apps/web/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/apps/web/.github/workflows/ci.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2231ef5 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +name: CI + +on: + push: + branches: [main, develop] + pull_request: + branches: [main] + +concurrency: + group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }} + cancel-in-progress: true + +jobs: + lint: + name: Lint + runs-on: ubuntu-latest + defaults: + run: + working-directory: apps/web + steps: + - uses: actions/checkout@v4 + + - name: Setup Node.js + uses: actions/setup-node@v4 + with: + node-version: 20 + cache: npm + cache-dependency-path: apps/web/package-lock.json + + - name: Install dependencies + run: npm ci + + - name: Run ESLint + run: npm run lint + + typecheck: + name: Type Check + runs-on: ubuntu-latest + defaults: + run: + working-directory: apps/web + steps: + - uses: actions/checkout@v4 + + - name: Setup Node.js + uses: actions/setup-node@v4 + with: + node-version: 20 + cache: npm + cache-dependency-path: apps/web/package-lock.json + + - name: Install dependencies + run: npm ci + + - name: Run TypeScript check + run: npx tsc --noEmit + + test: + name: Test + runs-on: ubuntu-latest + defaults: + run: + working-directory: apps/web + steps: + - uses: actions/checkout@v4 + + - name: Setup Node.js + uses: actions/setup-node@v4 + with: + node-version: 20 + cache: npm + cache-dependency-path: apps/web/package-lock.json + + - name: Install dependencies + run: npm ci + + - name: Run unit tests + run: npx vitest run --reporter=verbose --coverage + + build: + name: Build + runs-on: ubuntu-latest + needs: [lint, typecheck, test] + defaults: + run: + working-directory: apps/web + steps: + - uses: actions/checkout@v4 + + - name: Setup Node.js + uses: actions/setup-node@v4 + with: + node-version: 20 + cache: npm + cache-dependency-path: apps/web/package-lock.json + + - name: Install dependencies + run: npm ci + + - name: Build Next.js app + run: npm run build + env: + NODE_ENV: production diff --git a/apps/web/.gitignore b/apps/web/.gitignore index 58072e2..43ab318 100644 --- a/apps/web/.gitignore +++ b/apps/web/.gitignore @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ yarn-error.log* .pnpm-debug.log* # env files — commit templates, not actual secrets -.env*.local +.env* !.env.local.example # vercel diff --git a/apps/web/drizzle.config.ts b/apps/web/drizzle.config.ts new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3a21a34 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/drizzle.config.ts @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +import { defineConfig } from "drizzle-kit"; + +export default defineConfig({ + schema: "./src/lib/db/schema.ts", + out: "./drizzle", + dialect: "turso", + dbCredentials: { + url: process.env.DATABASE_URL!, + authToken: process.env.DATABASE_TOKEN!, + }, +}); diff --git a/apps/web/drizzle/0000_flippant_talon.sql b/apps/web/drizzle/0000_flippant_talon.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1b965aa --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/drizzle/0000_flippant_talon.sql @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +CREATE TABLE `diseases` ( + `id` text PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, + `plant_id` text NOT NULL, + `name` text NOT NULL, + `scientific_name` text DEFAULT '' NOT NULL, + `causal_agent_type` text NOT NULL, + `description` text DEFAULT '' NOT NULL, + `symptoms` text DEFAULT '[]' NOT NULL, + `causes` text DEFAULT '[]' NOT NULL, + `treatment` text DEFAULT '[]' NOT NULL, + `prevention` text DEFAULT '[]' NOT NULL, + `lookalike_ids` text DEFAULT '[]' NOT NULL, + `severity` text NOT NULL, + `source_url` text DEFAULT '' NOT NULL, + `created_at` text DEFAULT (datetime('now')) NOT NULL, + `updated_at` text DEFAULT (datetime('now')) NOT NULL, + FOREIGN KEY (`plant_id`) REFERENCES `plants`(`id`) ON UPDATE no action ON DELETE no action +); +--> statement-breakpoint +CREATE INDEX `idx_diseases_plant_id` ON `diseases` (`plant_id`);--> statement-breakpoint +CREATE INDEX `idx_diseases_causal_agent` ON `diseases` (`causal_agent_type`);--> statement-breakpoint +CREATE INDEX `idx_diseases_severity` ON `diseases` (`severity`);--> statement-breakpoint +CREATE TABLE `plants` ( + `id` text PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, + `common_name` text NOT NULL, + `scientific_name` text NOT NULL, + `family` text NOT NULL, + `category` text NOT NULL, + `care_summary` text DEFAULT '' NOT NULL, + `image_url` text DEFAULT '' NOT NULL, + `created_at` text DEFAULT (datetime('now')) NOT NULL, + `updated_at` text DEFAULT (datetime('now')) NOT NULL +); +--> statement-breakpoint +CREATE INDEX `idx_plants_category` ON `plants` (`category`);--> statement-breakpoint +CREATE INDEX `idx_plants_common_name` ON `plants` (`common_name`);--> statement-breakpoint +CREATE TABLE `scrape_sources` ( + `id` text PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, + `source_type` text NOT NULL, + `source_url` text NOT NULL, + `last_scraped_at` text, + `entries_count` integer DEFAULT 0, + `status` text DEFAULT 'pending' NOT NULL, + `error_message` text, + `created_at` text DEFAULT (datetime('now')) NOT NULL +); diff --git a/apps/web/drizzle/meta/0000_snapshot.json b/apps/web/drizzle/meta/0000_snapshot.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f13026f --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/drizzle/meta/0000_snapshot.json @@ -0,0 +1,340 @@ +{ + "version": "6", + "dialect": "sqlite", + "id": "5471dc75-3736-4b26-b7a9-0629c9b1efa0", + "prevId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000", + "tables": { + "diseases": { + "name": "diseases", + "columns": { + "id": { + "name": "id", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": true, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "plant_id": { + "name": "plant_id", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "name": { + "name": "name", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "scientific_name": { + "name": "scientific_name", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "''" + }, + "causal_agent_type": { + "name": "causal_agent_type", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "description": { + "name": "description", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "''" + }, + "symptoms": { + "name": "symptoms", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "'[]'" + }, + "causes": { + "name": "causes", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "'[]'" + }, + "treatment": { + "name": "treatment", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "'[]'" + }, + "prevention": { + "name": "prevention", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "'[]'" + }, + "lookalike_ids": { + "name": "lookalike_ids", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "'[]'" + }, + "severity": { + "name": "severity", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "source_url": { + "name": "source_url", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "''" + }, + "created_at": { + "name": "created_at", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "(datetime('now'))" + }, + "updated_at": { + "name": "updated_at", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "(datetime('now'))" + } + }, + "indexes": { + "idx_diseases_plant_id": { + "name": "idx_diseases_plant_id", + "columns": [ + "plant_id" + ], + "isUnique": false + }, + "idx_diseases_causal_agent": { + "name": "idx_diseases_causal_agent", + "columns": [ + "causal_agent_type" + ], + "isUnique": false + }, + "idx_diseases_severity": { + "name": "idx_diseases_severity", + "columns": [ + "severity" + ], + "isUnique": false + } + }, + "foreignKeys": { + "diseases_plant_id_plants_id_fk": { + "name": "diseases_plant_id_plants_id_fk", + "tableFrom": "diseases", + "tableTo": "plants", + "columnsFrom": [ + "plant_id" + ], + "columnsTo": [ + "id" + ], + "onDelete": "no action", + "onUpdate": "no action" + } + }, + "compositePrimaryKeys": {}, + "uniqueConstraints": {}, + "checkConstraints": {} + }, + "plants": { + "name": "plants", + "columns": { + "id": { + "name": "id", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": true, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "common_name": { + "name": "common_name", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "scientific_name": { + "name": "scientific_name", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "family": { + "name": "family", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "category": { + "name": "category", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "care_summary": { + "name": "care_summary", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "''" + }, + "image_url": { + "name": "image_url", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "''" + }, + "created_at": { + "name": "created_at", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "(datetime('now'))" + }, + "updated_at": { + "name": "updated_at", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "(datetime('now'))" + } + }, + "indexes": { + "idx_plants_category": { + "name": "idx_plants_category", + "columns": [ + "category" + ], + "isUnique": false + }, + "idx_plants_common_name": { + "name": "idx_plants_common_name", + "columns": [ + "common_name" + ], + "isUnique": false + } + }, + "foreignKeys": {}, + "compositePrimaryKeys": {}, + "uniqueConstraints": {}, + "checkConstraints": {} + }, + "scrape_sources": { + "name": "scrape_sources", + "columns": { + "id": { + "name": "id", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": true, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "source_type": { + "name": "source_type", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "source_url": { + "name": "source_url", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "last_scraped_at": { + "name": "last_scraped_at", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": false, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "entries_count": { + "name": "entries_count", + "type": "integer", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": false, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": 0 + }, + "status": { + "name": "status", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "'pending'" + }, + "error_message": { + "name": "error_message", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": false, + "autoincrement": false + }, + "created_at": { + "name": "created_at", + "type": "text", + "primaryKey": false, + "notNull": true, + "autoincrement": false, + "default": "(datetime('now'))" + } + }, + "indexes": {}, + "foreignKeys": {}, + "compositePrimaryKeys": {}, + "uniqueConstraints": {}, + "checkConstraints": {} + } + }, + "views": {}, + "enums": {}, + "_meta": { + "schemas": {}, + "tables": {}, + "columns": {} + }, + "internal": { + "indexes": {} + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/drizzle/meta/_journal.json b/apps/web/drizzle/meta/_journal.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b8aee1f --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/drizzle/meta/_journal.json @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +{ + "version": "7", + "dialect": "sqlite", + "entries": [ + { + "idx": 0, + "version": "6", + "when": 1780704072268, + "tag": "0000_flippant_talon", + "breakpoints": true + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/package-lock.json b/apps/web/package-lock.json index 2ddacbe..fb2fd0f 100644 --- a/apps/web/package-lock.json +++ b/apps/web/package-lock.json @@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ "name": "plant-disease-id", "version": "0.1.0", "dependencies": { + "@libsql/client": "^0.17.3", + "dotenv": "^17.4.2", + "drizzle-orm": "^0.45.2", "next": "16.2.7", "react": "19.2.4", "react-dom": "19.2.4", @@ -18,11 +21,13 @@ "@tailwindcss/postcss": "^4", "@testing-library/jest-dom": "^6.9.1", "@testing-library/react": "^16.3.2", + "@types/better-sqlite3": "^7.6.13", "@types/jsdom": "^28.0.3", "@types/node": "^20", "@types/react": "^19", "@types/react-dom": "^19", "@types/uuid": "^10.0.0", + "drizzle-kit": "^0.31.10", "eslint": "^9", "eslint-config-next": "16.2.7", "jsdom": "^29.1.1", @@ -505,6 +510,13 @@ "node": ">=20.19.0" } }, + "node_modules/@drizzle-team/brocli": { + "version": "0.10.2", + "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@drizzle-team/brocli/-/brocli-0.10.2.tgz", + "integrity": 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"optionalDependencies": { + "fsevents": "~2.3.3" + } + }, "node_modules/type-check": { "version": "0.4.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/type-check/-/type-check-0.4.0.tgz", @@ -7856,7 +9708,6 @@ "version": "6.21.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici-types/-/undici-types-6.21.0.tgz", "integrity": "sha512-iwDZqg0QAGrg9Rav5H4n0M64c3mkR59cJ6wQp+7C4nI0gsmExaedaYLNO44eT4AtBBwjbTiGPMlt2Md0T9H9JQ==", - "dev": true, "license": "MIT" }, "node_modules/unrs-resolver": { @@ -8325,6 +10176,27 @@ "node": ">=0.10.0" } }, + "node_modules/ws": { + "version": "8.21.0", + "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ws/-/ws-8.21.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha512-Vsp28b7DRcimFQvrqu2Wek3z1iYxDCWqHYB8Qsnk/S4RfaCQzPGPyBNuVjJV3cd6UiKtUtp6sNM77gWvzcCH+g==", + "license": "MIT", + "engines": { + "node": ">=10.0.0" + }, + "peerDependencies": { + "bufferutil": "^4.0.1", + "utf-8-validate": ">=5.0.2" + }, + "peerDependenciesMeta": { + "bufferutil": { + "optional": true + }, + "utf-8-validate": { + "optional": true + } + } + }, "node_modules/xml-name-validator": { "version": "5.0.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/xml-name-validator/-/xml-name-validator-5.0.0.tgz", diff --git a/apps/web/package.json b/apps/web/package.json index 2bda0be..564e523 100644 --- a/apps/web/package.json +++ b/apps/web/package.json @@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ "test:watch": "vitest" }, "dependencies": { + "@libsql/client": "^0.17.3", + "dotenv": "^17.4.2", + "drizzle-orm": "^0.45.2", "next": "16.2.7", "react": "19.2.4", "react-dom": "19.2.4", @@ -21,11 +24,13 @@ "@tailwindcss/postcss": "^4", "@testing-library/jest-dom": "^6.9.1", "@testing-library/react": "^16.3.2", + "@types/better-sqlite3": "^7.6.13", "@types/jsdom": "^28.0.3", "@types/node": "^20", "@types/react": "^19", "@types/react-dom": "^19", "@types/uuid": "^10.0.0", + "drizzle-kit": "^0.31.10", "eslint": "^9", "eslint-config-next": "16.2.7", "jsdom": "^29.1.1", diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_apple_diseases.html b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_apple_diseases.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0352702 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_apple_diseases.html @@ -0,0 +1,1897 @@ + + + + +List of apple diseases - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Jump to content +
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List of apple diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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+

+ +

Diseases of apples (Malus domestica) include: +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Pseudomonadota
+
Blister spot +Pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans +
Crown gall +Agrobacterium tumefaciens +
Fire blight +Erwinia amylovora +
Hairy root +Agrobacterium rhizogenes +
Mycoplasmatota
+
Apple chat fruit +Phytoplasma suspected +
Apple decline +Phytoplasma suspected +
Apple proliferation +Phytoplasma +
Rubbery wood +Phytoplasma suspected +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Alternaria blotch + +

Alternaria mali
+= A. alternata apple pathotype +

+
Alternaria rot +Alternaria alternata +
American brown rot +Monilinia fructicola +
Anthracnose canker and bull's-eye rot + +

Pezicula malicorticus
+Cryptosporiopsis curvispora [anamorph] +

+
Apple scab + +

Venturia inaequalis
+Spilocaea pomi [anamorph] +

+
Apple ring rot and canker +Botryosphaeria berengeriana
+

= Physalospora +

+
Armillaria root rot = shoestring root rot +Armillaria mellea +
Bitter rot[1][2] + +

Glomerella cingulata [teleomorph] (archaic)
+Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph] +

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex[3] +

+
  • Colletotrichum fructicola
    • +
  • Colletotrichum chrysophilum
+

Colletotrichum acutatum species complex[4] +

+ +
Black pox +Helminthosporium papulosum +
Black root rot + +

Xylaria mali
+Xylaria polymorpha +

+
Black rot, frogeye leafspot and canker + +

Botryosphaeria obtusa
+Sphaeropsis malorum [anamorph] +

+
Blister canker = nailhead canker + +

Biscogniauxia marginata
+= Nummularia discreta +

+
Blue mold +Penicillium spp.
+

Penicillium expansum +

+
Brooks fruit spot + +

Mycosphaerella pomi
+Cylindrosporium pomi [anamorph] +

+
Brown rot blossom blight and spur infection + +

Monilinia laxa +

+
Calyx-end rot +Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +
Clitocybe root rot + +

Armillaria tabescens
+= Clitocybe tabescens +

+
Diaporthe canker* + +

Diaporthe tanakae
+Phomopsis tanakae [anamorph] +

+
Diplodia canker + +

Botryosphaeria stevensii
+= Physalospora malorum
+Diplodia mutila [anamorph] +

+
European brown rot + +

Monilinia fructigena
+Monilia fructigena [anamorph]
+Monilinia laxa +

+
Fisheye rot + +

Butlerelfia eustacei
+= Corticium centrifugum +

+
Flyspeck + +

Schizothyrium pomi
+Zygophiala jamaicensis [anamorph] +

+
Fruit blotch, leaf spot and twig canker +Phyllosticta solitaria +
Glomerella leaf spot + +

Glomerella cingulata
+Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph] +

+
Gray mold rot = dry eye rot, blossom-end rot + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] +

+
Leptosphaeria canker and fruit rot + +

Diapleella coniothyrium
+= Leptosphaeria coniothyrium
+Coniothyrium fuckelii [anamorph] +

+
Leucostoma canker and dieback + +

Leucostoma cinctum
+Cytospora cincta [anamorph]
+Valsa auerswaldii
+= Leucostoma auerswaldii
+Cytospora personata [anamorph] +

+
Marssonina blotch + +

Diplocarpon coronariae +

+
Moldy core and core rot + +

Alternaria spp.
+Cladosporium spp.
+Coniothyrium sp.
+Epicoccum spp.
+Pleospora herbarum
+Stemphylium spp.
+Ulocladium spp. +

+
Monilia leaf blight + +

Monilinia mali
+Monilia sp. [anamorph] +

+
Monochaetia twig canker + +

Seiridium unicorne
+= Monochaetia mali
+Lepteutypa cupressi [teleomorph] +

+
Mucor rot + +

Mucor spp.
+Mucor piriformis +

+
Nectria canker + +

Nectria galligena
+Cylindrocarpon heteronemum [anamorph] +

+
Nectria twig blight = coral spot + +

Nectria cinnabarina
+Tubercularia vulgaris [anamorph] +

+
Peniophora root canker +Peniophora sacrata +
Perennial canker + +

Neofabraea perennans
+Cryptosporiopsis perennans [anamorph] +

+
Phomopsis canker, fruit decay and rough bark + +

Phomopsis mali
+Diaporthe perniciosa [teleomorph] +

+
Phymatotrichum root rot = cotton root rot + +

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora
+= Phymatotrichum omnivorum +

+
Phytophthora crown, collar and root rot = sprinkler rot + +

Phytophthora spp.
+Phytophthora cactorum
+Phytophthora cambivora
+Phytophthora cryptogea
+Phytophthora megasperma
+Phytophthora syringae +

+
Phytophthora fruit rot + +

Phytophthora cactorum
+Phytophthora syringae +

+
Pink mold rot + +

Trichothecium roseum
+= Cephalothecium roseum +

+
Powdery mildew +Podosphaera leucotricha +
Rosellinia root rot = Dematophora root rot + +

Rosellinia necatrix
+Dematophora necatrix [anamorph] +

+
Rubber rot +Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis +
Rusts +
American hawthorne rust +Gymnosporangium globosum +
Cedar apple rust +Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae +
Japanese apple rust +Gymnosporangium yamadae +
Pacific Coast pear rust +Gymnosporangium libocedri +
Quince rust +Gymnosporangium clavipes +
... +
Side rot +Phialophora malorum +
Silver leaf +Chondrostereum purpureum +
Sooty blotch complex + +

Peltaster fructicola
+Geastrumia polystigmatis
+Leptodontidium elatius
+Gloeodes pomigena +

+
Southern blight + +

Sclerotium rolfsii
+Athelia rolfsii [teleomorph] +

+
Thread blight = Hypochnus leaf blight + +

Corticium stevensii
+= Pellicularia koleroga
+= Hypochnus ochroleucus +

+
Valsa canker + +

Valsa ceratosperma
+Cytospora sacculus [anamorph] +

+
Violet root rot +Helicobasidium mompa +
White root rot + +

Scytinostroma galactinum
+= Corticium galactinum +

+
White rot + +

Botryosphaeria dothidea
+Fusicoccum aesculi [anamorph] +

+
X-spot = Nigrospora spot +Nigrospora oryzae +
Zonate leaf spot + +

Cristulariella moricola
+Grovesinia pyramidalis [teleomorph] +

+
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
Dagger nematode + +

Xiphinema americanum
+Xiphinema rivesi
+Xiphinema vuittenezi +

+
Lesion nematode + +

Pratylenchus spp.
+Pratylenchus penetrans +

+
Pin nematode + +

Paratylenchus spp. +

+
Ring nematode + +

Criconemella spp. +

+
Root-knot nematode + +

Meloidogyne spp. +

+
+

Viral diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viral diseases
+
Apple chlorotic leafspot +genus Trichovirus, Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (ACLSV) +
Apple dwarf (Malus platycarpa) +Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) (? not US/CAN) +
Apple flat apple +genus Nepovirus, Cherry rasp leaf virus (CRLV) +
Apple mosaic +genus Ilarvirus, Apple mosaic virus (ApMV)
+

genus Ilarvirus, Tulare apple mosaic virus (TAMV) +

+
Apple stem grooving = Apple decline of Virginia crab +genus Capillovirus, Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) +
Apple stem pitting = apple Spy 227 epinasty and decline +Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) +
Apple union necrosis and decline +genus Nepovirus, Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) +
+

Viroid diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viroid diseases
+
Swollen apple +Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) +
Apple dimple fruit +Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) +
Apple fruit crinkle +Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) (Japan) +
Apple scar skin = apple dapple, apple sabi-ka, apple bumpy fruit +Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) +
+

Suspected viral- and viroid-like diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Suspected viral- and viroid-like diseases
+
Dead spur +GTP, unidentified +
False sting +GTP, virus suspected +
Green crinkle +GTP, virus suspected +
Rough skin +GTP, virus suspected +
Star crack +GTP, virus suspected +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Bitter pit +Localized calcium deficiency +
Blossom blast +Boron deficiency +
Burrknot +Genetically predisposed rootstock +
Fruit cracking +Genetic +
Fruit russet +Frost, sprays, etc. +
Green mottle +Unidentified +
Hollow apple +High temperature +
Internal bark necrosis = measles +Low pH and mineral nutrient imbalance +
Internal browning +Boron and calcium deficiencies, etc. +
Jonathan spot +Reduced by controlled atmosphere storage +
Narrow leaf +Genetic +
Necrotic leaf blotch of ‘Golden Delicious’ +Rapid synthesis of gibberellins triggered by environmental factors +
Spray injury +Spray +
Storage scald +Injury to fruit surfaces by naturally occurring gases produced by the fruit +
Sunburn +Sun injury to fruit +
Sunscald +Freezing of bark following high temperatures in winter +
Water core +Sorbitol accumulation +
+
    +
  • +
    'Bitter pit'
    +
    'Bitter pit'
    +
    • +
  • +
    'Jonathan spot'
    +
    'Jonathan spot'
    +
    • +
  • +
    'Water core'
    +
    'Water core'
    +
    • +
  • +
    'Spray injury'
    +
    'Spray injury'
    +
    • +
+

References

[edit]
+
+
    +
  1. ^ Dowling, Madeline; Peres, Natalia; Villani, Sara; Schnabel, Guido (2020). "Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge". Plant Disease. 104 (9): 2301–2316. doi:10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 32689886. S2CID 219479598. +
    2. +
  2. ^ Martin, Phillip L.; Krawczyk, Teresa; Khodadadi, Fatemeh; Aćimović, Srđan G.; Peter, Kari A. (2021). "Bitter Rot of Apple in the Mid-Atlantic United States: Causal Species and Evaluation of the Impacts of Regional Weather Patterns and Cultivar Susceptibility". Phytopathology. 111 (6): PHYTO–09–20-043. doi:10.1094/PHYTO-09-20-0432-R. ISSN 0031-949X. PMID 33487025. S2CID 231701083. +
    3. +
  3. ^ Weir, B.S.; Johnston, P.R.; Damm, U. (2012). "The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex". Studies in Mycology. 73 (1): 115–180. doi:10.3114/sim0011. PMC 3458417. PMID 23136459. +
    4. +
  4. ^ Damm, U.; Cannon, P.F.; Woudenberg, J.H.C.; Crous, P.W. (2012). "The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex". Studies in Mycology. 73 (1): 37–113. doi:10.3114/sim0010. PMC 3458416. PMID 23136458. +
    5. +
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_apple_diseases&oldid=1269202300"
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List of apricot diseases

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Edit links
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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+This article is a list of diseases of apricots (Prunus armeniaca). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial canker and blast +Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae +
Bacterial spot +Xanthomonas pruni = X. arboricola pv. pruni = X. campestris pv. pruni +
Crown gall +Agrobacterium tumefaciens +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Alternaria spot and fruit rot +Alternaria alternata +
Armillaria crown and root rot (shoestring crown and root rot) + +

Armillaria mellea
+Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph] +

+
Brown rot blossom and twig blight and fruit rot + +

Monilinia fructicola
+Monilinia laxa +

+
Ceratocystis canker +Ceratocystis fimbriata +
Cytospora canker + +

Cytospora leucostoma
+Leucostoma persoonii [teleomorph] +

+
Dematophora root rot + +

Rosellinia necatrix
+Dematophora necatrix [anamorph] +

+
Eutypa dieback + +

Eutypa lata
+Cytosporina spp. [anamorph] +

+
Green fruit rot + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botrytis cinerea [teleomorph]
+Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +

+
Leaf spot +Phyllosticta circumscissa +
Phytophthora crown and root rot + +

Phytophthora cactorum
+Phytophthora cambivora
+Phytophthora cinnamomi
+Phytophthora citricola
+Phytophthora dreschsleri
+Phytophthora megasperma
+Phytophthora syringae +

+
Phytophthora pruning wound canker +Phytophthora syringae +
Powdery mildew + +

Podosphaera spp. +

+
Replant problems +Fungi and others (see under Miscellaneous Disorders) +
Rhizopus fruit rot + +

Rhizopus arrhizus
+Rhizopus circinans
+Rhizopus stolonifer +

+
Ripe fruit rot +Aspergillus niger
+

Cladosporium spp.
+Mucor spp.
+Penicillium expansum
+Penicillium italicum +

+
Scab +Cladosporium carpophilum
+

Venturia carpophila [teleomorph] +

+
Shot hole +Wilsonomyces carpophilus
+

= Stigmina carpophila +

+
Silver leaf +Chondrostereum purpureum +
Verticillium wilt +Verticillium dahliae +
Wood rots (pathogenicity has not been proven for these fungi) + +

Cerrena unicolor
+Coprinus spp.
+Coriolopsis gallica
+Daedaleopsis confragosa
+Dendrophora albobadia
+Dendrophora erumpens
+Fomes fomentarius
+Fomitopsis cajanderi
+Fomitopsis pinicola
+Fomitopsis rosea
+Ganoderma applanatum
+Ganoderma lucidum
+Gloeophyllum sepiarium
+Gloeophyllum trabeum
+Gloeoporus dichrous
+Grandinia granulosa
+= Hyphodontia aspera
+Heterobasidion annosum (unconfirmed)
+Hyphodermella corrugata
+Inonotus dryophilus
+Irpex lacteus
+Laetiporus sulphureus
+Oxyporus corticola
+Oxyporus latemarginatus
+Oxyporus populinus
+Perenniporia fraxinophila
+Perenniporia medulla-panis
+Phellinus ferreus
+Phellinus ferruginosus
+Phellinus gilvus
+Phellinus igniarius
+Phellinus pomaceus
+Pholiota spp.
+Pholiota varius
+Pycnoporus cinnabarinus
+Schizophyllum commune
+Stereum spp.
+Trametes elegans
+Trametes hirsuta
+Trametes versicolor +

+
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
Dagger + +

Xiphinema americanum
+Xiphinema rivesi +

+
Lesion + +

Pratylenchus vulnus +

+
Ring + +

Criconemella xenoplax +

+
Root-knot + +

Meloidogyne arenaria
+Meloidogyne incognita
+Meloidogyne javanica +

+
+

Viral diseases

[edit]
+

includes uncharacterized graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP] +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viral diseases
+
Bare twig and unfruitfulness +genus Nepovirus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus
+

genus Tobamovirus, Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus +

+
Line pattern & Necrotic ring spot +genus Ilarvirus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) +
Peach mosaic +genus Trichovirus, Cherry mottle leaf virus (CMLV) +
Plum pox (= Sharka) +genus Potyvirus, Plum pox virus (PPV) +
Prunus stem pitting +genus Nepovirus, Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) +
Pseudopox +genus Trichovirus, Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) +
Viral gummosis +genus Ilarvirus, Prune dwarf virus (PDV) +
+

Graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]
+
Asteroid spot (= Peach asteroid spot) +
Cherry mottle leaf +
Chlorotic leaf mottle +
Deformation mosaic (associated with an isometric particle) +
Moorpark mottle +
Peach yellow mottle +
Pucker leaf +
Ring pox (= Spur cherry?) +
Stone pitting +
+

Phytoplasmal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + +
Phytoplasmal diseases
+
Chlorotic leaf roll (= Apple proliferation) +Witches' broom +
+

Miscellaneous diseases or disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases or disorders
+
Apricot gumboil +Unknown etiology (nontransmissible) +
Replant problems +Bacteria, fungi, nematodes, viruses, nutrients, toxins and environmental conditions (?) +
+

References

[edit]
+ + + + + + + +
+
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_apricot_diseases&oldid=1315206950"
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List of avocado diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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+

+This article is a list of diseases of avocados (Persea americana). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial canker +Pseudomonas syringae
 +

Xanthomonas campestris +

+
Blast and bacterial fruit spot +Pseudomonas syringae +
Crown gall +Agrobacterium tumefaciens +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Anthracnose + + +
Armillaria root rot
+

Shoestring root rot +

+		 + +
Black mildew + + +
Branch canker + + +
Butt rot + + +
Cercospora spot (blotch) + + +
Clitocybe root rot + + +
Collar rot + + +
Dematophora root rot + + +
Dieback + + +
Fruit rot (includes stem end rot & fruit spots) + + +
Heart rot + + +
Leaf spots + + +
Phomopsis spot +Phomopsis spp. +
Physalospora canker + + +
Phytophthora crown rot + + +
Phytophthora trunk canker + + +
Phytophthora root rot + + +
Pink rot + + +
Powdery mildew + + +
Rhizoctonia seed and root rot + + +
Root and bark rot + + +
Root rot + + +
Rosellinia root rot + + +
Rusty blight + + +
Scab (fruit & leaf) + + +
Seedling blight + + +
Smudgy spot + + +
Sooty blotch + + +
Tar spot + + +
Verticillium wilt + + +
Wood rots + + +
+

Viruslike diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + +
Viruslike diseases
+
Sunblotch +Avocado sunblotch viroid +
Trunk pitting +Graft transmissible agent +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Algal spot +Cephaleuros virescens Kunze +
Blackstreak +Unknown cause +
Dieback +Copper deficiency +
Edema +Physiological +
Littleleaf rosette +Zinc deficiency +
Tipburn +Excess mineral salts +
+

References

[edit]
+
+
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_avocado_diseases&oldid=1241118950"
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List of banana and plantain diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
+
(Redirected from List of banana diseases)
+ + +
+

+This article is a list of diseases of bananas and plantains (Musa spp.). +

+
Photo showing symptoms of the Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV)
+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial wilt +Pseudomonas solanacearum (race 1) +
Blood disease +Ralstonia syzigii subsp. celebensis[1] +
Bugtok +Ralstonia solanacearum (race 2) +
Finger tip rot (gumming) +Burkholderia cenocepacia (syn. Pseudomonas cenocepacia)[2]
+

Pseudomonas spp.[citation needed] +

+
Moko +Ralstonia solanacearum (race 2) +
Rhizome rot +Erwinia carotovora (syn. Pectobacterium carotovorum)
+

Erwinia chrysanthemi (syn. Dickeya dadantii) +

+
Javanese vascular wilt +Pseudomonas spp. +
Xanthomonas wilt (BXW), Banana bacterial wilt, enset wilt +Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Anthracnose + +

Colletotrichum musae +

+
Armillaria corn rot + +

Armillaria mellea
+Armillaria tabescens +

+
Black cross + +

Phyllachora musicola +

+
Black leaf streak (BLS) or Black Sigatoka + +

Mycosphaerella fijiensis
+

+
Paracercospora fijiensis syn. Pseudocercospora fijiensis [anamorph]
+
Black root rot +Rosellinia bunodes +
Brown blotch +Pestalotiopsis leprogena +
Brown spot +Cercospora hayi +
Ceratocystis fruit rot + +

Ceratocystis paradoxa
+Chalara paradoxa [anamorph] +

+
Cigar-end + +

Verticillium theobromae
+Trachysphaera fructigena +

+
Cladosporium speckle +Cladosporium musae +
Corm dry rot +Junghuhnia vincta +
Cordana leaf spot + +

Cordana johnstonii
+Cordana musae +

+
Crown rot + +

Fusarium pallidoroseum
+Colletotrichum musae
+Verticillium theobromae
+Fusarium spp.
+Acremonium spp. +

+
Cylindrocladium root rot +Cylindrocladium spp. +
Damping-off +Deightoniella torulosa +
Deightoniella fruit speckle, leaf spot and tip rot +Deightoniella torulosa +
Diamond spot +Cercospora hayi +

Fusarium spp. +

+
Dwarf Cavendish tip rot + +

Nattrassia mangiferae
+= Hendersonula toruloidea +

+
Eyespot +Drechslera gigantea +
Fruit freckle (freckle) + +

Guignardia musae
+Phyllosticta musarum [anamorph] +

+
Fruit rot +Botryosphaeria ribis +
Fungal root-rot + +

Fusarium solani
+Nectria haematococca [teleomorph]
+Fusarium oxysporum
+Rhizoctonia spp. +

+
Fungal scald +Colletotrichum musae +
Leaf rust + +

Uredo musae
+Uromyces musae +

+
Leaf speckle +Acrodontium simplex +
Leaf spot +Curvularia eragrostidis +
Leaf spot +Drechslera musae-sapientum +
Leaf spot +Leptosphaeria musarum +
Leaf spot +Pestalotiopsis disseminata +
Main stalk rot +Ceratocystis paradoxa +
Malayan leaf spot +Haplobasidion musae +
Marasmiellus rot + +

Marasmiellus inoderma
+Marasmius semiustus +

+
Panama disease (Fusarium wilt) +Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense
+

Races 1, 2 and 4 - inc.Tropical Race 4 (TR4) and Subtropical Race 4 +

+
Peduncle rot + +

Lasiodiplodia theobromae
+Fusarium pallidoroseum
+Fusarium oxysporum
+Verticillium theobromae +

+
Pestalotiopsis leaf spot +Pestalotiopsis palmarum +
Phaeoseptoria leaf spot +Phaeoseptoria musae +
Pitting +Pyricularia grisea +
Pseudostem heart rot + +

Fusarium moniliforme
+Gibberella fujikuroi [teleomorph] +

+
Root & rhizome rot +Cylindrocarpon musae +
Sclerotinia fruit rot +Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +
Septoria leaf spot + +

Mycosphaerella eumusae [sexual stage]
+Septoria eumusae [anamorph]
+A new species even more aggressive than Black Sigatoka and spreading in Asia and the Indian +Ocean. +

+
Sheath rot + +

Nectria foliicola
+Mycosphaerella musicola
+Pseudocercospora musae [anamorph] +

+
Sooty mold +Limacinula tenuis +
Speckle +Mycosphaerella musae +
Squirter (black end disease) +Nigrospora sphaerica +
Stem-end rot +Colletotrichum musae +
Trachysphaera finger rot +Trachysphaera fructigena +
Tropical speckle + +

Ramichloridium musae
+= Veronaea musae
+= Periconiella musae +

+
Verticillium tip rot +Verticillium theobromae +
Yellow Sigatoka +Mycosphaerella musicola +
+

Viral diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viral diseases
+
DiseaseViruses +
Bract mosaic +Banana bract mosaic virus
+

Abaca bract mosaic virus +

+
Bunchy top +Banana bunchy top virus
+

Abaca bunchy top virus +

+
Mosaic +Cucumber mosaic virus
+

Abaca mosaic virus +

+
Streak +Banana streak virus +
Banana mild mosaic +Banana mild mosaic virus +
Banana virus X +Banana virus X +
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
Nematode root rot (burrowing nematode) + +

Radopholus similis +

+
Root-knot + +

Meloidogyne arenaria
+Meloidogyne incognita
+Meloidogyne javanica +

+
Root-lesion + +

Pratylenchus coffeae
+Pratylenchus goodeyi
+Pratylenchus brachyurus
+Pratylenchus reniformia +

+
Spiral nematode root damage + +

Helicotylenchus multicinctus
+Helicotylenchus dihystera +

+
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Alligator skin +Light abrasions on fruit peel caused by leaves or bracts +
Blue disease +Magnesium deficiency +
Choke +Low winter temperatures +
Dwarfism +Genetic mutation +
Elephantiasis +Unknown cause +
Fruit chimera +Genetic mutation +
Fused fingers +Genetic defect +
Giantism +Genetic mutation +
Heart leaf unfurling disorder +Unknown cause +
High mat +Unknown cause +
Leaf edge chlorosis +Unknown cause +
Maturity bronzing +Unknown cause +
Rayadilla +Zinc deficiency +
Rosetting +Nitrogen deficiency +
Roxana +Unknown cause +
Spike leaf +Low winter temperatures +
Split peel +Rapid filling of pulp of fruit +
Taiwan marginal scorch +Unknown cause +
"Segmented Banana" +Chilling injury to fruit +

One of the less common plantain diseases is exostentialis clittellus referred to by most plantain and banana farmers as "segmented banana". This is a result of the peel forming tiny inter-fruit membranes which cause the banana to appear as though it has been sliced before it is peeled. This is generally a result of freezing the fruit, and occurs most commonly in fruit that is sold in large stores or supermarkets. +

+
Yellow mat +Unknown cause +
Yellow pulp +Delay in fruit filling, drought, excessive shading, magnesium deficiency, poor nutrition +
Yellows +Lack of water +
Neer Vazhai +Unknown etiology +
Kottai Vazhai or seediness in Parthenocarpic Poovan banana +Unknown etiology, probably due to BSV infection +
+

References

[edit]
+
+
    +
  1. ^ "Blood disease". Department of Primary Industries, New South Wales, Australia. Retrieved 2021-07-24. +
    2. +
  2. ^ University of California Berkeley. "Bacterial finger-tip rot". +
    3. +
+ +
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List of carrot diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
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+

+This is a list of diseases of carrots (Daucus carota subsp. sativus). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial leaf blight +Xanthomonas campestris +
Bacterial soft rot +Erwinia chrysanthemi
+

E. carotovora subsp. carotovora = Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum
+E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica = Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum +

+
Carrot bacterial gall +Rhizobacter dauci +
Carrot bacteriosis +Xanthomonas campestris pv. carotae +
Crown gall +Agrobacterium tumefaciens +
Hairy root +Agrobacterium rhizogenes +
Scab +Streptomyces scabiei +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Alternaria leaf blight +Alternaria dauci +
Black root rot + +

Thielaviopsis basicola
+Chalara elegans [synanamorph] +

+
Black rot (black carrot root dieback) + +

Alternaria radicina
+= Stemphylium radicinum +

+
Blue mold rot (blue green mold) +Penicillium expansum +
Brown rot (Phoma disease) + +

Leptosphaeria libanotis
+Phoma rostrupii [anamorph] +

+
Buckshot rot +Typhula spp. +
Canker + +

Thanatephorus cucumeris
+Rhizoctonia solani [anamorph] +

+
Cavity spot + +

Pythium spp.
+Pythium violae
+Rhizoctonia spp.
+Rhizoctonia solani +

+
Cercospora leaf spot +Cercospora carotae +
Cottony rot + +

Sclerotinia minor
+Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +

+
Crater rot +Athelia arachnoidea (anamorph = Fibulorhizoctonia carotae) +
Crown rot + +

Rhizoctonia spp.
+Rhizoctonia solani +

+
Damping off + +

Fusarium spp.
+Pythium spp.
+Rhizoctonia solani +

+
Dieback of carrots + +

Pythium spp.
+Pythium debaryanum +

+
Downy mildew + +

Plasmopara crustosa
+= Plasmopara nivea +

+
Forking, brown root + +

Pythium spp.
+Pythium irregulare
+Pythium paroecandrum
+Pythium sylvaticum +

+
Fusarium dry rot +Fusarium sp. +
Gray mold rot + +

Botryotinia fuckeliana
+Botrytis cinerea [anamorph] +

+
Hard rot + +

Fusarium sp.
+Gliocladium roseum +

+
Lateral root dieback +Pythium spp. +
Leaf rot +Typhula variabilis +
Leaf spot +Ramularia spp. +
Licorice rot + +

Mycocentrospora acerina
+= Centrospora acerina
+Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
+Thielaviopsis basicola
+Typhula spp. +

+
Phytophthora root rot +Phytophthora megasperma +
Pink mold rot +Trichothecium roseum +
Powdery mildew + +

Erysiphe heraclei
+Erysiphe polygoni
+Erysiphe umbelliferarum f. dauci +

+
Pythium brown rot and forking + +

Pythium irregulare
+Pythium paroecandrum
+Pythium sulcatum
+Pythium sylvaticum +

+
Pythium root dieback +Pythium spp. +
Rhizoctonia canker +Rhizoctonia solani +
Rhizoctonia seedling disease +Rhizoctonia spp. +
Rhizopus wooly soft rot + +

Rhizopus arrhizus
+= Rhizopus oryzae
+Rhizopus stolonifer
+= Rhizopus nigricans +

+
Root canker +Rhizoctonia spp. +
Root dieback +Pythium spp. +
Root rot + +

Fusarium spp.
+Fusarium culmorum
+Rhizoctonia spp.
+Sclerotium rolfsii +

+
Phymatotrichum root rot (cotton root rot) + +

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora
+= Phymatotrichum omnivorum +

+
Rubbery brown rot + +

Phytophthora cactorum
+P. megasperma +

+
Rubbery slate rot + +

Pythium debaryanum +

+
Rust + +

Aecidium foeniculi
+Uromyces graminis
+Uromyces lineolatus subsp. nearcticus
+= Uromyces scirpi +

+
Rusty root + +

Pythium spp.
+Olpidium brassicae, as vector, tobacco necrosis virus +

+
Sclerotinia rot + +

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
+Sclerotinia minor +

+
Seed mold + +

Alternaria alternata
+Gibberella fujikuroi
+Fusarium moniliforme [anamorph] +

+
Sooty rot +Aspergillus niger +
Sour rot +Geotrichum candidum +
Southern blight + +

Athelia rolfsii
+Sclerotium rolfsii [anamorph] +

+
Stem spot +Diaporthe arctii +
Tip rot +Numerous pathogens +
Umbel blight +Colletotrichum gloeosporioides +
Violet root rot + +

Helicobasidium brebissonii
+= Helicobasidium purpureum
+Rhizoctonia crocorum [anamorph] +

+
Watery soft rot + +

Sclerotinia minor
+Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
+Sclerotium rolfsii
+Botrytis cinerea +

+
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
Cyst nematode + +

Heterodera carotae +

+
Dagger nematode +Xiphinema +
Lance nematode + +

Hoplolaimus uniformis +

+
Lesion nematode + +

Pratylenchus penetrans
+Pratylenchus spp. +

+
Root knot + +

Meloidogyne hapla +

+
Sting nematode + +

Belonolaimus longicaudatus +

+
Stubby-root nematodes +Trichodorus +
+

Virus and viroid diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
diseases
+
Alfalfa mosaic +genus Alfamovirus, Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) +
Carrot latent +genus Nucleorhabdovirus, Carrot latent virus (CtLtV) +
Carrot mottle +genus Umbravirus, Carrot mottle virus (CMoV) +
Carrot red leaf +genus Luteovirus, Carrot red leaf virus (CaRLV) +
Carrot thin leaf +genus Potyvirus, Carrot thin leaf virus (CTLV) +
Carrot yellow leaf +Carrot yellow leaf virus (CYLV) +
Celery mosaic +genus Potyvirus, Celery mosaic virus (CeMV) +
Cucumber mosaic +genus Cucumovirus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) +
Curly top +genus Hybrigeminivirus, Beet curly top virus (BCTV) +
Motley dwarf +genus Luteovirus, Carrot red leaf virus (CaRLV)
+

genus Umbravirus, Carrot mottle virus (CMoV) +

+
+

Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + +
Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases
+
Aster yellows +Aster yellows phytoplasma +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Crown rot disorder +No specific pathogen associated with this disorder +
Heat canker +High soil surface temperature +
Hollow black heart +Boron deficiency +
Ozone injury +Ozone pollution +
Root scab +Physiological +
Speckled carrot +No pathogen; genetic disorder +
+

References

[edit]
+
+
+ +
+ + + + + + +
+
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_carrot_diseases&oldid=1306753772"
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+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_citrus_diseases.html b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_citrus_diseases.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..778e6e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_citrus_diseases.html @@ -0,0 +1,2043 @@ + + + + +List of citrus diseases - Wikipedia + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Jump to content +
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List of citrus diseases

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Edit links
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
+
+ + +
+

+The following is a list of diseases in citrus plants. +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial spot +Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. citrumelo +
Black pit (fruit) +Pseudomonas syringae +
Blast +Pseudomonas syringae +
Citrus canker +Xanthomonas citri pv. citri +
Citrus variegated chlorosis +Xylella fastidiosa +
Huanglongbing = citrus greening +Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus
+

Candidatus L. africanus +

+
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Albinism + +

Alternaria alternata
+= Alternaria tenuis
+Aspergillus flavus +

+
Alternaria brown spot +Alternaria alternata +
Alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon +Alternaria citri +
Alternaria stem-end rot +Alternaria citri +
Anthracnose = wither-tip + +

Glomerella cingulata
+Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph] +

+
Areolate leaf spot + +

Thanatephorus cucumeris
+= Pellicularia filamentosa
+Rhizoctonia solani [anamorph] +

+
Black mold rot +Aspergillus niger +
Black root rot + +

Thielaviopsis basicola
+Chalara elegans [synanamorph] +

+
Black rot +Alternaria citri +
Black spot + +

Guignardia citricarpa
+Phyllosticta citricarpa [synanamorph] +

+
Blue mold +Penicillium italicum +
Botrytis blossom and twig blight, gummosis + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] +

+
Branch knot +Sphaeropsis tumefaciens +
Brown rot (fruit) + +

Phytophthora citricola
+Phytophthora citrophthora
+Phytophthora hibernalis
+Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica
+= Phytophthora parasitica
+Phytophthora palmivora
+Phytophthora syringae +

+
Charcoal root rot +Macrophomina phaseolina +
Citrus black spot +Guignardia citricarpa +
Damping-off + +

Pythium sp.
+Pythium aphanidermatum
+Pythium debaryanum
+Pythium rostratum
+Pythium ultimum
+Pythium vexans
+Rhizoctonia solani +

+
Diplodia gummosis and stem-end rot + +

Lasiodiplodia theobromae
+= Botryodiplodia theobromae
+= Diplodia natalensis
+Botryosphaeria rhodina [teleomorph] +

+
Dothiorella gummosis and rot + +

Botryosphaeria ribis
+Dothiorella gregaria [anamorph] +

+
Dry root rot complex + +

Nectria haematococca
+Fusarium solani [anamorph]
+together with other wound-invading agents +

+
Dry rot (fruit) + +

Ashbya gossypii
+Nematospora coryli +

+
Fly speck + +

Schizothyrium pomi
+Zygophiala jamaicensis [anamorph] +

+
Fusarium rot (fruit) +Fusarium spp. +
Fusarium wilt + +

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. citri +

+
Gray mold (fruit) +Botrytis cinerea +
Greasy spot and greasy spot rind blotch + +

Mycosphaerella citri
+Stenella citri-grisea [anamorph] +

+
Green mold +Penicillium digitatum +
Heart rot + +

Ganoderma applanatum
+Ganoderma brownii
+Ganoderma lucidum
+and other basidiomycetes +

+
Hendersonula branch wilt +Hendersonula toruloidea +
Leaf spot + +

Mycosphaerella horii
+Mycosphaerella lageniformis +

+
Mal secco + +

Phoma tracheiphila
+= Deuterophoma tracheiphila +

+
Mancha foliar de los citricos +Alternaria limicola +
Melanose +Diaporthe citri
+

Phomopsis citri [anamorph] +

+
Mucor fruit rot + +

Mucor paronychia
+Mucor racemosus +

+
Mushroom root rot = shoestring root rot or oak root fungus + +

Armillaria mellea
+= Clitocybe tabescens
+Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph] +

+
Phaeoramularia leaf and fruit spot +Phaeoramularia angolensis +
Phymatotrichum root rot +Phymatotrichopsis omnivora +
Phomopsis stem-end rot + +

Phomopsis citri
+Diaporthe citri [teleomorph] +

+
Phytophthora foot rot, gummosis and root rot + +

Phytophthora citrophthora
+Phytophthora hibernalis
+Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica
+= Phytophthora parasitica
+Phytophthora palmivora
+Phytophthora syringae +

+
Pink disease + +

Erythricium salmonicolor
+= Corticium salmonicolor
+Necator decretus [anamorph] +

+
Pink mold +Gliocladium roseum +
Pleospora rot + +

Pleospora herbarum
+Stemphylium herbarum [anamorph] +

+
Poria root rot + +

Oxyporus latemarginatus
+= Poria latemarginata +

+
Post bloom fruit drop +Colletotrichum acutatum +
Powdery mildew + +

Oidium tingitaninum
+= Acrosporium tingitaninum +

+
Rhizopus rot +Rhizopus stolonifer +
Rio Grande gummosis + +

Possibly Lasiodiplodia theobromae
+Hendersonula toruloidea
+and other unknown agents +

+
Rootlet rot + +

Pythium rostratum
+Pythium ultimum +

+
Rosellinia root rot +Rosellinia sp. +
Scab + +

Elsinoë fawcettii
+Sphaceloma fawcettii [anamorph] +

+
Sclerotinia twig blight, fruit rot and root rot +Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +
Septoria spot +Septoria citri +
Sooty blotch +Gloeodes pomigena +
Sour rot + +

Geotrichum citri-aurantii
+Galactomyces citri-aurantii [teleomorph]
+Galactomyces candidum
+Galactomyces geotrichum [teleomorph] +

+
Sweet orange scab +Elsinoë australis +
Thread blight + +

Corticium stevensii
+Pellicularia koleroga +

+
Trichoderma rot + +

Trichoderma viride
+Hypocrea sp. [teleomorph] +

+
Twig blight +Rhytidhysteron rufulum +
Ustulina root rot + +

Ustulina deusta
+Nodulisporium sp. [anamorph] +

+
Whisker mold + +

Penicillium ulaiense +

+
White root rot + +

Rosellinia sp.
+Rosellinia necatrix
+Dematophora necatrix [anamorph]
+Rosellinia subiculata +

+
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
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Nematodes, parasitic
+
Citrus slump nematode + +

Pratylenchus coffeae +

+
Dagger nematode + +

Xiphinema spp. +

+
Lesion nematode + +

Pratylenchus spp.
+Pratylenchus brachyurus
+Pratylenchus coffeae
+Pratylenchus vulnus +

+
Needle nematode + +

Longidorus spp. +

+
Root-knot nematode + +

Meloidogyne spp. +

+
Sheath nematode + +

Hemicycliophora spp.
+Hemicycliophora arenaria +

+
Slow decline (citrus nematode) + +

Tylenchulus semipenetrans +

+
Spreading decline (burrowing nematode) + +

Radopholus similis +

+
Sting nematode + +

Belonolaimus longicaudatus +

+
Stubby-root nematode + +

Paratrichodorus spp. +

+
Stunt nematode + +

Tylenchorhynchus spp. +

+
+

Viral diseases

[edit]
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Viral diseases
+
Citrus mosaic +Satsuma dwarf-related virus +
Bud union crease +Virus for some combinations, otherwise genetic or unknown +
Citrus leaf rugose +genus Ilarvirus, Citrus leaf rugose virus (CLRV) +
Citrus yellow mosaic +genus Badnavirus +
Crinkly leaf +Crinkly leaf virus (strain of Citrus variegation virus) +
Infectious variegation +genus Ilarvirus, Citrus variegation virus (CVV) +
Navel infectious mottling +Satsuma dwarf-related virus +
Psorosis +Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV) +
Satsuma dwarf +Satsuma dwarf virus (SDV) +
Tatter leaf = citrange stunt +genus Capillovirus, Citrus tatter leaf virus (probably a closely related strain of Apple stem grooving virus rather than a distinct virus +
Tristeza = decline and stem pitting, seedling yellows +genus Closterovirus, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) +
Citrus Leprosis Virus type I & II +
+

Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]

[edit]
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Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]
+
Algerian navel orange virus +GTP +
Blight = young tree decline, rough lemon decline +GTP +
Blind pocket +GTP +
Cachexia +Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) +
Chlorotic dwarf +White-fly transmitted GTP +
Citrus dwarfing +Various viroids +
Citrus vein enation (CVEV) = woody gall +GTP (possible luteovirus) +
Citrus yellow mottle +GTP +
Citrus yellow ringspot +GTP +
Concave gum +GTP +
Cristacortis +GTP +
Exocortis +Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) Pospiviroidae +
Fatal yellows +GTP +
Gummy bark +GTP, possible viroid +
Gum pocket and gummy pittings +GTP, possible viroid +
Impietratura +GTP +
Indian citrus ringspot +GTP +
Leaf curl +GTP +
Leathery leaf +GTP +
Leprosis +GTP associated with Brevipalpus spp. mites +
Measles +GTP +
Milam stem-pitting +GTP +
Multiple sprouting disease +GTP +
Nagami kumquat disease +GTP +
Ringspot diseases +Various GTPs +
Xyloporosis = cachexia +Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) +
Yellow vein +GTP +
Yellow vein clearing of lemon +GTP +
+

Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases
+
Australian citrus dieback +Unknown procaryote? +
Stubborn +Spiroplasma citri (spread by leafhoppers) +
Witches’ broom of lime +Phytoplasma +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Algal disease (algal spot) +Cephaleuros virescens +
Amachamiento +Unknown +
Blossom-end clearing +Physiological +
Chilling injury +Cold temperatures +
Citrus blight +Unknown - pathogen suspected +
Creasing +Nutritional (?) +
Crinkle scurf +Genetic +
Granulation +Physiological +
Lemon sieve-tube necrosis +Unknown, but hereditary +
Lime blotch = wood pocket +Inherited chimeral agent +
Membranous stain +Cold temperatures +
Mesophyll collapse +Unknown +
Oleocellosis +Physiological +
Postharvest pitting +Physiological +
Puffing +Physiological +
Rind breakdown +Physiological +
Rind staining +Physiological +
Rind stipple of grapefruit +Environmental +
Rumple of lemon fruit +Unknown +
Shell bark complex +Unknown - (viroid?) +
Sooty mold (superficial, not pathogenic) +Capnodium
+

C. citricola
+Capnodium sp. +

+
Stem-end rind breakdown +Physiological +
Stylar-end breakdown of Tahiti lime +Physiological +
Stylar-end rind breakdown +Physiological +
Stylar-end rot +Physiological +
Sunburn +Excessive heat and light +
Tangerine dieback +Unknown +
Water spot +Physiological +
Woody galls on stems +Bruchophagus fellis (Citrus Gall Wasp) +
Zebra skin +Physiological +
+

References

[edit]
+ +
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_citrus_diseases&oldid=1183689061"
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List of cucurbit diseases

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Edit links
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
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+

+

+ +

This article is a list of diseases of cucurbits (Citrullus spp., Cucumis spp., Cucurbita spp., and others). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases +
Angular leaf spot +Pseudomonas amygdali pv. lachrymans +
Bacterial fruit blotch/seedling blight +Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli = Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes subsp. citrulli +
Bacterial leaf spot +Xanthomonas campestris pv. cucurbitae +
Bacterial rind necrosis +Erwinia spp. +
Bacterial soft rot +Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora +
Bacterial wilt +Erwinia tracheiphila +
Brown spot +Erwinia ananas +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases +
Alternaria leaf blight +Alternaria cucumerina +
Alternaria leaf spot + +

Alternaria alternata f.sp. cucurbitae +

+
Anthracnose (stem, leaf and fruit) + +

Colletotrichum orbiculare
+= Colletotrichum lagenarium
+Glomerella lagenarium [teleomorph] +

+
Belly rot + +

Rhizoctonia solani
+Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] +

+
Black root rot +Thielaviopsis basicola +
Blue mold rot + +

Penicillium spp.
+Penicillium digitatum +

+
Cephalosporium root and hypocotyl rot, stem streak and dieback + +

Acremonium spp.
+= Cephalosporium spp. +

+
Cercospora leaf spot +Cercospora citrullina +
Charcoal rot
+

Vine decline and fruit rot +

+		Macrophomina phaseolina +
Choanephora fruit rot +Choanephora cucurbitarum +
Collapse of melon + +

Monosporascus eutypoides
+= Bitrimonospora indica +

+
Corynespora blight/target spot +Corynespora cassiicola +
Crater rot (fruit) +Myrothecium roridum +
Crown and foot rot + +

Fusarium solani
+= Haematonectria haematococca
+Nectria haematococca [teleomorph] +

+
Damping-off + +

Acremonium spp.
+Fusarium spp.
+Fusarium equiseti
+Gibberella intricans[teleomorph]
+Phytophthora sp.
+Pythium spp.
+Rhizoctonia solani
+Thielaviopsis basicola
+Other fungi +

+
Downy mildew +Pseudoperonospora cubensis +
Fusarium fruit rot + +

Fusarium equiseti
+= Fusarium roseum f. gibbosum
+Fusarium graminearum
+Gibberella zeae [teleomorph]
+Fusarium semitectum
+Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae
+Fusarium spp. +

+
Fusarium wilt + +

Fusarium oxysporum
+(with these formae speciales:)
+Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. benincasae
+Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum
+Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lagenariae
+Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. luffae
+Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis
+Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. momordicae
+Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum +

+
Gray mold + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] +

+
Gummy stem blight (vine decline) + +

Didymella bryoniae
+= Mycosphaerella melonis
+Phoma cucurbitacearum [anamorph] +

+
Lasiodiplodia vine decline/fruit rot + +

Lasiodiplodia theobromae
+= Diplodia natalensis +

+
Monosporascus root rot/Myrothecium canker (black canker) + +

Monosporascus cannonballus
+Myrothecium roridum +

+
Net spot +Leandria momordicae +
Phoma blight + +

Phoma exigua var. exigua
+= Ascochyta phaseolorum +

+
Purple stem + +

Diaporthe melonis
+Phomopsis cucurbitae [teleomorph] +

+
Phomopsis black stem +Phomopsis sclerotioides +
Phyllosticta leaf spot +Phyllosticta cucurbitacearum +
Phytophthora root rot + +

Phytophthora spp.
+Phytophthora capsici +

+
Pink mold rot +Trichothecium roseum +
Plectosporium blight +Plectosporium tabacinum +
Powdery mildew + +

Podosphaera xanthii complex +Golovinomyces tabaci +

+
Pythium fruit rot (cottony leak) +Pythium spp. +
Rhizopus soft rot (fruit) + +

Rhizopus stolonifer
+= Rhizopus nigricans +

+
Scab/gummosis +Cladosporium cucumerinum +
Sclerotinia stem rot +Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +
Septoria leaf blight +Septoria cucurbitacearum +
Southern blight (Sclerotium fruit and stem rot) + +

Sclerotium rolfsii
+Athelia rolfsii [teleomorph] +

+
Sudden wilt +Pythium aphanidermatum +
Ulocladium leaf spot +Ulocladium consortiale +
Verticillium wilt + +

Verticillium albo-atrum +Verticillium dahliae +

+
Web blight +Rhizoctonia solani +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders +
Air pollution injury +Ozone, sulfur dioxide and others +
Bitter fruit +Sunburn injury, physiologic stress +
Blossom end rot +Physiological disorder, calcium deficiency, moisture imbalance +
Bottle neck of fruit +Incomplete pollination +
Measles +Physiological disorder, salt toxicity +
Sandburn +Physiological disorder +
Sunscald (fruit) +Excessive or intense direct heat/ solar injury +
Windburn +Physiological disorder +
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic +
Dagger, American + +

Xiphinema americanum +

+
Lesion + +

Pratylenchus spp. +

+
Pin + +

Paratylenchus spp. +

+
Reniform + +

Rotylenchulus reniformis +

+
Ring + +

Circonemella spp. +

+
Root-knot + +

Meloidogyne spp. +

+
Spiral + +

Helicotylenchus spp. +

+
Sting + +

Belonolaimus longicaudatus +

+
Stubby-root + +

Paratrichodorus minor +

+
Stunt + +

Tylenchorhynchus claytoni +

+
+

References

[edit]
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_cucurbit_diseases&oldid=1316442447"
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List of grape diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A cartoon from Punch from 1890: The phylloxera, a true gourmet, finds out the best vineyards and attaches itself to the best wines. Punch magazine, 6 Sep. 1890.
+

This is a list of diseases of grapes (Vitis spp.). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+
Glassy-winged sharpshooter, the primary carrier of PD
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Happy Disease (bacterial necrosis) +Xylophilus ampelinus = Xanthomonas ampelina +
Crown gall +Agrobacterium tumefaciens +
Pierce's Disease (PD) +Xylella fastidiosa +
Bacterial inflorescence rot [1] +Pseudomonas syringae +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+
The effects of Bird's eye (or Anthracnose) rot
Bird's eye (Anthracnose) rot
+
Botrytis or "Noble rot"
+
The effects of downy mildew on a grape leaf
Downy mildew
+
Powdery mildew on grapes
Powdery mildew
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Alternaria rot +Alternaria alternata +
Angular leaf scorch + +

Pseudopezicula tetraspora
+Phialophora-type (anamorph) +

+
Angular leaf spot + +

Mycosphaerella angulata
+Cercospora brachypus [anamorph] +

+
Anthracnose and bird's-eye rot + +

Elsinoë ampelina
+Sphaceloma ampelinum [anamorph] +

+
Armillaria root rot (shoestring root rot) + +

Armillaria mellea
+Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph] +

+
Aspergillus rot +Aspergillus niger +
Black rot of grapes +Guignardia bidwellii +
Botrytis (Grey Rot or Noble Rot) +Botrytis cinerea +
Bot canker +Lasiodiplodia theobromae
+

Botryosphaeria rhodina (anamorph) +

+
Ripe rot[2] +Colletotrichum acutatum species complex[3] + +

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex[5] +

+
  • C. viniferum
    • +
  • C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto
    • +
  • C. fructicola
    • +
  • C. siamense
    • +
  • C. hebeiense
    • +
  • C. aenigma
    • +
  • C. clidemiae
+
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Berry rot +Yeasts +
Black measles +Presumably toxins from wood-rotting fungi; see Wood rot (decay) +
Chlorosis +Iron deficiency +
Esca (Apoplexy) +Presumably toxins from wood-rotting fungi; see Wood rot (decay) +
Fasciation +Genetic disorder +
Little leaf +Zinc deficiency +
Oxidant stipple +Ozone +
Rupestris speckle +Physiological disorder +
Stem necrosis (water berry, grape peduncle necrosis) +Physiological disorder +
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
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Nematodes, parasitic
+
Citrus + +

Tylenchulus semipenetrans +

+
Dagger, American + +

Xiphinema americanum +

+
Dagger + +

Xiphinema spp.
+Xiphinema index +

+
Lesion + +

Pratylenchus spp.
+Pratylenchus vulnus +

+
Needle + +

Longidorus spp. +

+
Pin + +

Paratylenchus hamatus +

+
Reniform + +

Rotylenchulus spp. +

+
Ring + +

Mesocriconema xenoplax +

+
Root-knot + +

Meloidogyne arenaria
+Meloidogyne hapla
+Meloidogyne incognita
+Meloidogyne javanica +

+
Spiral + +

Helicotylenchus spp. +

+
Stubby-root + +

Paratrichodorus minor +

+
Stunt + +

Tylenchorhynchus spp. +

+
+

Phytoplasma, virus and viruslike diseases

[edit]
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Virus and viruslike diseases
+
Alfalfa mosaic +Alfalfa mosaic virus +
Arabis mosaic +Arabis mosaic virus +
Artichoke Italian latent +Artichoke Italian latent virus +
Asteroid mosaic +Undetermined, viruslike +
Bois noir/black wood disease +Candidatus Phytoplasma solani +
Bratislava mosaic +Bratislava mosaic virus +
Broad bean wilt +Broad bean wilt virus +
Corky bark +Grapevine virus B +
Enation +Undetermined, viruslike +
Fanleaf degeneration (infectious degeneration and decline) +Grapevine fanleaf virus +
Flavescence dorée +MLO +
Fleck (Marbrure) +Undetermined, viruslike +
Grapevine Bulgarian latent +Grapevine Bulgarian latent virus +
Grapevine chrome mosaic +Grapevine chrome mosaic virus +
Grapevine red blotch +Grapevine red blotch-associated virus +
Grapevine yellows +phytoplasma +
Leafroll +Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (Closteroviridae) +
Peach rosette mosaic virus decline +Peach rosette mosaic virus +
Petunia asteroid mosaic +Petunia asteroid mosaic virus +
Raspberry ringspot +Raspberry ringspot virus +
Rupestris stem pitting +Undetermined, viruslike +
Shoot necrosis +Undetermined, viruslike +
Sowbane mosaic +Sowbane mosaic virus +
Strawberry latent ringspot +Strawberry latent ringspot virus +
Tobacco mosaic +Tobacco mosaic virus +
Tobacco necrosis +Tobacco necrosis virus +
Tobacco ringspot virus decline +Tobacco ringspot virus +
Tomato black ring +Tomato black ring virus +
Tomato ringspot virus decline +Tomato ringspot virus +
Vein mosaic +Undetermined, viruslike +
Yellow speckle +Viroid +
+

See also

[edit]
+ +

References

[edit]
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+
    +
  1. ^ Wecket, Melanie (15 November 2016). "Bacterial rot of grapevine caused by Pseudomonas syringae". NSW DPI Agriculture. National Wine and Grape Industry Centre. Archived from the original on 2021-12-14. Retrieved 13 October 2017. +
    2. +
  2. ^ Dowling, Madeline; Peres, Natalia; Villani, Sara; Schnabel, Guido (2020). "Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge". Plant Disease. 104 (9): 2301–2316. Bibcode:2020PlDis.104.2301D. doi:10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 32689886. S2CID 219479598. +
    3. +
  3. ^ Damm, U.; Cannon, P. F.; Woudenberg, J. H. C.; Crous, P. W. (2012). "The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex". Studies in Mycology. complex species or species complexes?. 73 (1): 37–113. doi:10.3114/sim0010. ISSN 0166-0616. PMC 3458416. PMID 23136458. +
    4. +
  4. ^ Kepner, Cody; Swett, Cassandra L. (2018). "Previously unrecognized diversity within fungal fruit rot pathosystems on Vitis vinifera and hybrid white wine grapes in Mid-Atlantic vineyards". Australasian Plant Pathology. 47 (2): 181–188. Bibcode:2018AuPP...47..181K. doi:10.1007/s13313-017-0538-4. ISSN 0815-3191. S2CID 4435220. +
    5. +
  5. ^ Weir, B. S.; Johnston, P. R.; Damm, U. (2012). "The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex". Studies in Mycology. complex species or species complexes?. 73 (1): 115–180. doi:10.3114/sim0011. ISSN 0166-0616. PMC 3458417. PMID 23136459. +
    6. +
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List of lettuce diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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+This article is a list of diseases of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial leaf spot and head rot +Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians +
Bacterial soft rot +Erwinia carotovora
+

Pseudomonas marginalis +

+
Corky root +Rhizomonas spp.
+

R. suberifaciens +

+
Varnish spot +Pseudomonas cichorii +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Alternaria leaf spot + +

Alternaria sonchi +

+
Anthracnose + +

Microdochium panattonianum
+= Marssonina panattoniana +

+
Bottom rot + +

Rhizoctonia solani
+Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] +

+
Cercospora leaf spot + +

Cercospora longissima +

+
Damping-off, Pythium + +

Pythium spp.
+Pythium ultimum +

+
Damping-off, Rhizoctonia + +

Rhizoctonia solani +

+
Downy mildew + +

Bremia lactucae
+Plasmopara lactucae-radicis +

+
Drop (Sclerotinia rot) + +

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
+Sclerotinia minor +

+
Gray mold + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] +

+
Phymatotrichum root rot (cotton root rot) + +

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora
+= Phymatotrichum omnivorum +

+
Powdery mildew + +

Erysiphe cichoracearum +

+
Rust + +

Puccinia dioicae
+= Puccinia extensicola var. hieraciata +

+
Septoria leaf spot + +

Septoria lactucae +

+
Southern blight + +

Sclerotium rolfsii
+Athelia rolfsii [teleomorph] +

+
Stemphylium leaf spot + +

Stemphylium botryosum
+Pleospora tarda [teleomorph] +

+
Wilt and leaf blight + +

Pythium tracheiphilum +

+
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Brown stain +Physiological, excess CO2 +
Russet spotting +Physiological, excess ethylene +
Tipburn +Physiological, Ca** deficiency and high temperature +
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
False root knot + +

Nacobbus aberrans +

+
Lesion + +

Pratylenchus spp. +

+
Needle + +

Longidorus spp. +

+
Root-knot + +

Meloidogyne spp. +

+
Spiral + +

Rotylenchus robustus +

+
Stunt + +

Melinius brevidens
+Tylenchorhynchus spp. +

+
+

Phytoplasma, Viral and viroid diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viral and viroid diseases
+
Big vein +Lettuce big vein virus +
Calico +Alfalfa mosaic virus
+

Tobacco ringspot virus +

+
Lettuce dieback[1] +Lettuce necrotic stunt virus +
Internal rib necrosis
+		Lettuce mosaic virus +
Mosaic +Lettuce mosaic virus
+

Bidens mosaic virus
+Cucumber mosaic virus
+Turnip mosaic virus +

+
Necrotic yellows +Lettuce necrotic yellows virus +
Ring necrosis +Presumed viral agent (not identified) +
Rusty brown discoloration +Accentuated by lettuce mosaic virus +
Speckles +Lettuce speckles virus and beet western yellows virus +
Stunt +Beet yellow stunt virus +
Virescence +Aster yellows phytoplasma
+

Beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence phytoplasma +

+
Wilt +Broadbean wilt virus
+

Tomato spotted wilt virus +

+
Yellow spot +Tobacco rattle virus +
Yellows +Beet western yellows virus +
Other +Sowthistle yellow vein virus +
+

References

[edit]
+ +
+
    +
  1. ^ "Lettuce Dieback". University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. +
    2. +
+ + + + + + +
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_lettuce_diseases&oldid=1084301682"
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List of maize diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Bacterial diseases

[edit]
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Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial leaf blight and stalk rot +

Pseudomonas avenae subsp. avenae +

+
Bacterial leaf spot +

Xanthomonas campestris pv. holcicola +

+
Bacterial leaf streak of corn +

Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum +

+
Bacterial stalk rotEnterobacter dissolvens = Erwinia dissolvens +
Bacterial stalk and top rot +

Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora
+Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. zeae +

+
Bacterial stripe +

Pseudomonas andropogonis +

+
Chocolate spot +

Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens +

+
Goss's bacterial wilt and blight (leaf freckles and wilt)[1] +

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis[2] += Corynebacterium michiganense pv. nebraskense +

+
Holcus spot +

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall +

+
Purple leaf sheath +

Hemiparasitic bacteria +

+
Seed rot-seedling blight +

Bacillus subtilis +

+
Stewart's disease (bacterial wilt) +

Erwinia stewartii +

+
Corn stunt (achapparramiento, maize stunt, Mesa Central or Rio Grande maize stunt) +

Spiroplasma kunkelii +

+
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Anthracnose leaf blight
+

Anthracnose stalk rot
+Anthracnose top dieback[3][4] +

+		Colletotrichum graminicola
+

Glomerella graminicola [teleomorph]
+Glomerella tucumanensis
+Glomerella falcatum [anamorph] +

+
Aspergillus ear and kernel rot +Aspergillus flavus +
Banded leaf and sheath spot +Rhizoctonia solani = Rhizoctonia microsclerotia
+

Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] +

+
Black bundle disease +Acremonium strictum = Cephalosporium acremonium +
Black kernel rot +Lasiodiplodia theobromae = Botryodiplodia theobromae +
Borde blanco +Marasmiellus sp. +
Brown spot
+

Black spot
+Stalk rot +

+		Physoderma maydis +
Cephalosporium kernel rot +Acremonium strictum = Cephalosporium acremonium +
Charcoal rot +Macrophomina phaseolina +
Corticium ear rot +Thanatephorus cucumeris = Corticium sasakii +
Curvularia leaf spot +Curvularia clavata
+

Curvularia eragrostidis = Curvularia maculans
+Cochliobolus eragrostidis [teleomorph]
+Curvularia inaequalis
+Curvularia intermedia
+Cochliobolus intermedius [teleomorph]
+Curvularia lunata
+Cochliobolus lunatus [teleomorph]
+Curvularia pallescens
+Cochliobolus pallescens [teleomorph]
+Curvularia senegalensis
+Curvularia tuberculata
+Cochliobolus tuberculatus [teleomorph] +

+
Didymella leaf spot +Didymella exitalis +
Diplodia ear rot and stalk rot +Diplodia frumenti
+

Botryosphaeria festucae [teleomorph] +

+
Diplodia ear rot
+

Stalk rot
+Seed rot
+Seedling blight +

+		Diplodia maydis +
Diplodia leaf spot or leaf streak +Stenocarpella macrospora = Diplodia macrospora +
Downy mildews +
Brown stripe downy mildew +Sclerophthora rayssiae +
Crazy top downy mildew +Sclerophthora macrospora = Sclerospora macrospora +
Green ear downy mildew
+

Graminicola downy mildew +

+		Sclerospora graminicola +
Java downy mildew +Peronosclerospora maydis = Sclerospora maydis +
Philippine downy mildew +Peronosclerospora philippinensis = Sclerospora philippinensis +
Sorghum downy mildew +Peronosclerospora sorghi = Sclerospora sorghi +
Spontaneum downy mildew +Peronosclerospora spontanea = Sclerospora spontanea +
Sugarcane downy mildew +Peronosclerospora sacchari = Sclerospora sacchari +
... +
Dry ear rot
+

Cob, kernel and stalk rot +

+		Nigrospora oryzae
+

Khuskia oryzae [teleomorph] +

+
Ear rots, minor +Alternaria alternata = Alternaria tenuis
+

Aspergillus glaucus
+Aspergillus niger
+Aspergillus spp.
+Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph]
+Cunninghamella sp.
+Curvularia pallescens
+Doratomyces stemonitis = Cephalotrichum stemonitis
+Fusarium culmorum
+Gonatobotrys simplex
+Pithomyces maydicus
+Rhizopus microsporus
+Rhizopus stolonifer = Rhizopus nigricans
+Scopulariopsis brumptii +

+
Ergot
+

Horse's tooth +

+		Claviceps gigantea
+

Sphacelia sp. [anamorph] +

+
Eyespot +Aureobasidium zeae = Kabatiella zeae +
Fusarium ear and stalk rot +Fusarium subglutinans = Fusarium moniliforme +
Fusarium kernel, root and stalk rot, seed rot and seedling blight +Fusarium moniliforme +

Gibberella fujikuroi [teleomorph] +

+
Fusarium stalk rot
+

Seedling root rot +

+		Fusarium avenaceum
+

Gibberella avenacea [teleomorph] +

+
Gibberella ear and stalk rot +Gibberella zeae
+

Fusarium graminearum [anamorph] +

+
Gray ear rot +Botryosphaeria zeae = Physalospora zeae
+

Macrophoma zeae [anamorph] +

+
Corn grey leaf spot
+

Gray leaf spot
+Cercospora leaf spot +

+		Cercospora sorghi = Cercospora sorghi[clarification needed]
+

Cercospora zeae-maydis[5][6][7]
+Cercospora zeina[6][7] +

+
Helminthosporium root rot +Exserohilum pedicellatum = Helminthosporium pedicellatum
+

Setosphaeria pedicellata [teleomorph] +

+
Hormodendrum ear rot
+

Cladosporium ear rot +

+		Cladosporium cladosporioides = Hormodendrum cladosporioides
+

Cladosporium herbarum
+Mycosphaerella tassiana [teleomorph] +

+
Hyalothyridium leaf spot +Hyalothyridium maydis +
Late wilt +Cephalosporium maydis +
Leaf spots, minor +Alternaria alternata
+

Ascochyta maydis
+Ascochyta tritici
+Ascochyta zeicola
+Bipolaris victoriae = Helminthosporium victoriae
+Cochliobolus victoriae [teleomorph]
+Cochliobolus sativus
+Bipolaris sorokiniana [anamorph] = Helminthosporium sorokinianum = H. sativum
+Epicoccum nigrum
+Exserohilum prolatum = Drechslera prolata
+Setosphaeria prolata [teleomorph]
+Graphium penicillioides
+Leptosphaeria maydis
+Leptothyrium zeae
+Ophiosphaerella herpotricha
+Scolecosporiella sp. [anamorph]
+Paraphaeosphaeria michotii
+Phoma sp.
+Septoria zeae
+Septoria zeicola
+Septoria zeina
+

+
Northern corn leaf blight
+

White blast
+Crown stalk rot
+Stripe +

+		Setosphaeria turcica
+

Exserohilum turcicum [anamorph] = Helminthosporium turcicum +

+
Northern corn leaf spot
+

Helminthosporium ear rot (race 1) +

+		Cochliobolus carbonum
+

Bipolaris zeicola [anamorph] = Helminthosporium carbonum +

+
Penicillium ear rot
+

Blue eye
+Blue mold +

+		Penicillium spp.
+

Penicillium chrysogenum
+Penicillium expansum
+Penicillium oxalicum
+

+
Phaeocytostroma stalk rot and root rot +Phaeocytostroma ambiguum = Phaeocytosporella zeae +
Phaeosphaeria leaf spot +Phaeosphaeria maydis = Sphaerulina maydis +
Physalospora ear rot
+

Botryosphaeria ear rot +

+		Botryosphaeria festucae = Physalospora zeicola
+

Diplodia frumenti [anamorph] +

+
Purple leaf sheath +Hemiparasitic bacteria and fungi +
Pyrenochaeta stalk rot and root rot +Phoma terrestris = Pyrenochaeta terrestris +
Pythium root rot +Pythium spp.
+

Pythium arrhenomanes
+Pythium graminicola
+

+
Pythium stalk rot +Pythium aphanidermatum = Pythium butleri +
Red kernel disease
+

Ear mold, leaf and seed rot +

+		Epicoccum nigrum +
Rhizoctonia ear rot
+

Sclerotial rot +

+		Waitea zeae
+
Rhizoctonia root rot and stalk rot +Rhizoctonia solani
+

Waitea zeae +

+
Root rots, minor +Alternaria alternata
+

Cercospora sorghi
+Dictochaeta fertilis
+Fusarium acuminatum +Gibberella acuminata [teleomorph]
+Fusarium equiseti
+Gibberella intricans [teleomorph]
+Fusarium oxysporum
+Fusarium pallidoroseum
+Fusarium poae
+Fusarium roseum
+Gibberella cyanogena
+Fusarium sulphureum [anamorph]
+Microdochium bolleyi
+Mucor sp.
+Periconia circinata
+Phytophthora cactorum
+Phytophthora drechsleri
+Phytophthora nicotianae
+Rhizopus arrhizus
+

+
Rostratum leaf spot
+

Helminthosporium leaf disease, ear and stalk rot +

+		Setosphaeria rostrata = Helminthosporium rostratum +
Rust, common corn +Puccinia sorghi +
Rust, southern corn +Puccinia polysora +
Rust, tropical corn +Physopella pallescens
+

Physopella zeae = Angiopsora zeae +

+
Sclerotium ear rot +

Southern blight +

+		Athelia rolfsii
+
Seed rot-seedling blight +Athelia rolfsii
+

Bipolaris sorokiniana
+Bipolaris zeicola = Helminthosporium carbonum
+Diplodia maydis
+Exserohilum pedicillatum
+Exserohilum turcicum = Helminthosporium turcicum
+Fusarium avenaceum
+Fusarium culmorum
+Fusarium moniliforme
+Gibberella zeae
+Fusarium graminearum [anamorph]
+Macrophomina phaseolina
+Penicillium spp.
+Phomopsis spp.
+Pythium spp.
+Rhizoctonia solani
+Spicaria spp. +Waitea zeae
+

+
Selenophoma leaf spot +Selenophoma sp. +
Sheath rot +Gaeumannomyces graminis +
Shuck rot +Myrothecium gramineum +
Silage mold +Monascus purpureus
+

Monascus ruber +

+
Smut, common +Ustilago zeae = Ustilago maydis +
Smut, false +Ustilaginoidea virens +
Smut, head +Sphacelotheca reiliana = Sporisorium holci-sorghi +
Southern corn leaf blight and stalk rot +Cochliobolus heterostrophus
+

Bipolaris maydis [anamorph] = Helminthosporium maydis +

+
Southern leaf spot +Stenocarpella macrospora = Diplodia macrospora +
Stalk rots, minor +Cercospora sorghi
+

Fusarium episphaeria
+Fusarium merismoides
+Fusarium oxysporum
+Fusarium poae
+Fusarium roseum
+Fusarium solani
+Nectria haematococca [teleomorph]
+Fusarium tricinctum
+Mariannaea elegans
+Mucor spp.
+Rhopographus zeae
+Spicaria spp. +

+
Storage rots +Aspergillus spp.
+

Penicillium spp. and other fungi +

+
Tar spot +Phyllachora maydis
Monographella maydis
Coniothyrium phyllachorae[8][9] +
Trichoderma ear rot and root rot +Trichoderma viride = Trichoderma lignorum
+

Hypocrea sp. [teleomorph] +

+
White ear rot, root and stalk rot +Stenocarpella maydis = Diplodia zeae +
Yellow leaf blight +Ascochyta ischaemi
+

Phyllosticta maydis
+Mycosphaerella zeae-maydis [teleomorph] +

+
Zonate leaf spot +Gloeocercospora sorghi +
+

Nematodes, Parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, Parasitic
+
Awl +Dolichodorus spp.
+

D. heterocephalus +

+
Bulb and stem +Ditylenchus dipsaci +
Burrowing +Radopholus similis +
Cyst +Heterodera avenae
+

H. zeae
+Punctodera chalcoensis +

+
Dagger +Xiphinema spp.
+

X. americanum +X. mediterraneum +

+
False root-knot +Nacobbus dorsalis +
Lance, Columbia +Hoplolaimus columbus +
Lance +Hoplolaimus spp.
+

H. galeatus +

+
Lesion +Pratylenchus spp.
+

P. brachyurus
+P. crenatus
+P. hexincisus
+P. neglectus
+P. penetrans
+P. scribneri
+P. thornei
+P. zeae +

+
Needle +Longidorus spp.
+

L. breviannulatus +

+
Ring +Criconemella spp.
+

C. ornata +

+
Root-knot +Meloidogyne spp.
+

M. chitwoodi
+M. incognita
+M. javanica +

+
Spiral +Helicotylenchus spp. +
Sting +Belonolaimus spp.
+

B. longicaudatus +

+
Stubby-root +Paratrichodorus spp.
+

P. christiei
+P. minor
+Quinisulcius acutus
+Trichodorus spp. +

+
Stunt +Tylenchorhynchus dubius +
+

Virus and virus-like diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Virus and virus-like diseases
+
American wheat striate (wheat striate mosaic) +American wheat striate mosaic virus mosaic (AWSMV) +
Barley stripe mosaic +Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) +
Barley yellow dwarf +Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) +
Brome mosaic +Brome mosaic virus (BMV) +
Cereal chlorotic mottle +Cereal chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) +
Corn lethal necrosis (maize lethal necrosis disease) +Virus complex (Maize chlorotic mottle virus [MCMV] and Maize dwarf mosaic virus [MDMV] A or B or Wheat streak mosaic virus [WSMV]) +
Cucumber mosaic +Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) +
Johnsongrass mosaic +Johnsongrass mosaic virus (JGMV) +
Maize bushy stunt +Mycoplasmalike organism (MLO), assoc. +
Maize chlorotic dwarf +Maize chlorotic dwarf virus (MCDV) +
Maize chlorotic mottle +Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) +
Maize dwarf mosaic +Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) strains A, D, E and F +
Maize leaf fleck +Maize leaf fleck virus (MLFV) +
Maize line* +Maize line virus (MLV) +
Maize mosaic (corn leaf stripe, enanismo rayado) +Maize mosaic virus (MMV) +
Maize pellucid ringspot +Maize pellucid ringspot virus (MPRV) +
Maize rayado fino (fine striping disease) +Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV) +
Maize red leaf and red stripe +Mollicute? +
Maize red stripe (now known as Wheat mosaic virus +Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV) +
Maize ring mottle +Maize ring mottle virus (MRMV) +
Maize rough dwarf (nanismo ruvido) +Maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV) +
Maize sterile stunt +Maize sterile stunt virus (strains of barley yellow striate virus) +
Maize streak +Maize streak virus (MSV) +
Maize stripe (maize chlorotic stripe, maize hoja blanca) +Maize stripe virus +
Maize tassel abortion +Maize tassel abortion virus (MTAV) +
Maize vein enation +Maize vein enation virus (MVEV) +
Maize wallaby ear +Maize wallaby ear virus (MWEV) +
Maize white leaf +Maize white leaf virus +
Maize white line mosaic +Maize white line mosaic virus (MWLMV) +
Millet red leaf +Millet red leaf virus (MRLV) +
Northern cereal mosaic +Northern cereal mosaic virus (NCMV) +
Oat pseudorosette (zakuklivanie) +Oat pseudorosette virus +
Oat sterile dwarf +Oat sterile dwarf virus (OSDV) +
Rice black-streaked dwarf +Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) +
Rice stripe +Rice stripe virus (RSV) +
Sorghum mosaic +Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), formerly sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) strains H, I and M +
Southern rice black-streaked dwarf +Southern rice black-streaked dwarf (SRBSDV) +
Sugarcane Fiji disease +Sugarcane Fiji disease virus (FDV) +
Sugarcane mosaic +Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) strains A, B, D, E, SC, BC, Sabi and MB (formerly MDMV-B) +
Wheat mosaic +Wheat mosaic virus (disambiguation) (WMoV) +
+

References

[edit]
+
+
    +
  1. ^ "Goss's Wilt of Corn". Crop Protection Network. Retrieved 2021-07-15. +
    2. +
  2. ^ Eichenlaub, Rudolf; Gartemann, Karl-Heinz (2011-09-08). "The Clavibacter michiganensis Subspecies: Molecular Investigation of Gram-Positive Bacterial Plant Pathogens". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 49 (1). Annual Reviews: 445–464. doi:10.1146/annurev-phyto-072910-095258. ISSN 0066-4286. PMID 21438679. S2CID 207707582. +
    3. +
  3. ^ "Top dieback in corn: Is anthracnose the cause?". Integrated Crop Management Iowa State University Extension. 2007-09-10. Retrieved 2022-04-23. +
    4. +
  4. ^ "Stalk Rot Diseases Including Anthracnose Top Dieback Developing in Some Fields". CropWatch University of Nebraska-Lincoln. 2016-09-09. Retrieved 2022-04-23. +
    5. +
  5. ^ Crous, Pedro W.; Groenewald, Johannes Z.; Groenewald, Marizeth; Caldwell, Pat; Braun, Uwe; Harrington, Thomas C. (1 May 2006). "Species of Cercospora associated with grey leaf spot of maize". Studies in Mycology. 55. Westerdijk Institute (Elsevier): 189–197. doi:10.3114/sim.55.1.189. PMC 2104713. PMID 18490979. S2CID 31494639. +
    6. +
  6. ^ a b Cairns, J.E.; Sonder, K.; Zaidi, P.H.; Verhulst, N.; Mahuku, G.; Babu, R.; Nair, S.K.; Das, B.; Govaerts, B.; Vinayan, M.T.; Rashid, Z.; Noor, J.J.; Devi, P.; San Vicente, F.; Prasanna, B.M. (2012). "1 Maize Production in a Changing Climate: Impacts, Adaptation, and Mitigation Strategies". Advances in Agronomy (PDF). Vol. 114. Elsevier. pp. 1–58. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394275-3.00006-7. ISBN 9780123942753. ISSN 0065-2113. +
    7. +
  7. ^ a b Tripathi, Ashutosh; Tripathi, Durgesh Kumar; Chauhan, D.K.; Kumar, Niraj; Singh, G.S. (2016). "Paradigms of climate change impacts on some major food sources of the world: A review on current knowledge and future prospects". Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 216. Elsevier: 356–373. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.034. ISSN 0167-8809. +
    8. +
  8. ^ Hock, J; Kranz, J (1995). "Studies on the epidemiology of the tar spot disease complex of maize in Mexico". Plant Pathology. 44 (3). British Society for Plant Pathology: 490–502. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb01671.x. +
    9. +
  9. ^ Chalkley, D. "Invasive fungi. Tar spot of corn - Phyllachora maydis". Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. Retrieved 19 July 2016. +
    10. +
+ +
+ + + + + + +
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List of peach and nectarine diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
+
(Redirected from List of peach diseases)
+ + +
+

+This article is a list of diseases of peaches and nectarines (Peach: Prunus persica; Nectarine: P. persica var. nucipersica). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial canker +Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae +
Bacterial spot = bacteriosis +Xanthomonas pruni = X. arboricola pv. pruni = X. campestris pv. pruni +
Crown gall +Agrobacterium tumefaciens +
Phony disease = phony peach +Xylella fastidiosa +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Alternaria rot + +

Alternaria alternata
+Alternaria spp. +

+
Anthracnose[1] + +

Glomerella cingulata [teleomorph] (archaic) +

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex[2] +

+
  • C. siamense
    • +
  • C. fructicola
+

Colletotrichum acutatum species complex[3] +

+ +
Armillaria crown and root rot + +

Armillaria mellea
+A. solidipes
+Armillaria bulbosa
+Armillaria tabescens
+= Clitocybe tabescens +

+
Brown rot blossom blight and fruit rot + +

Monilinia fructicola
+Monilinia laxa +

+
Cercospora leaf spot + +

Cercospora circumscissa
+Cercospora rubrotincta +

+
Ceratocystis canker + +

Ceratocystis fimbriata +

+
Constriction canker = Fusicoccum canker,
Phomopsis shoot blight +		 +

Phomopsis amygdali
+= Fusicoccum amygdali +

+
Cytospora canker + +

Leucostoma persoonii
+Cytospora leucostoma [anamorph] +

+
Fusarium canker + +

Fusarium spp. +

+
Gummosis (blister canker in Japan) + +

Botryosphaeria dothidea
+= Botryosphaeria berengeriana
+Fusicoccum aesculi [anamorph]
+Botryosphaeria obtusa
+Botryosphaeria rhodina
+Botryosphaeria ribis +

+
Green fruit rot + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph]
+Monilinia fructicola
+Monilinia laxa +

+
+Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +
Leaf curl + +

Taphrina deformans +

+
Phymatotrichopsis root rot + +

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora
+= Phymatotrichum omnivorum +

+
Phytophthora crown and root rot + +

Phytophthora cactorum
+Phytophthora cambivora
+Phytophthora citricola
+Phytophthora citrophthora
+Phytophthora cryptogea
+Phytophthora drechsleri
+Phytophthora megasperma
+Phytophthora parasitica
+Phytophthora syringae
+Phytophthora sp. +

+
Powdery mildew + +

Podosphaera spp. +

+
Pythium root rot + +

Pythium ultimum +

+
Rhizoctonia root rot + +

Rhizoctonia solani
+Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] +

+
Ripe fruit rots +
Aspergillus rot + +

Aspergillus niger +

+
Blue mold + +

Penicillium sp. +

+
Botrytis rot + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] +

+
Sour rot + +

Geotrichum candidum +Candida albicans +

+
Fusarium rot + +

Fusarium avenaceum
+Gibberella avenacea [teleomorph]
+Fusarium oxysporum
+Fusarium solani
+Nectria haematococca [teleomorph] +

+
Gilbertella rot + +

Gilbertella persicaria +

+
Phomopsis fruit rot + +

Phomopsis sp. +

+
Pink fruit rot + +

Trichothecium roseum +

+
Rhizopus rot + +

Rhizopus arrhizus
+Rhizopus circinans
+Rhizopus stolonifer +

+
Mucor rot + +

Mucor spp.
+Mucor piriformis +

+
... +
Rust + +

Tranzschelia discolor f.sp. persica +

+
Scab + +

Cladosporium carpophilum
+= Fusicladium carpophilum
+Venturia carpophila [teleomorph]
+Cladosporium spp. +

+
Shot hole + +

Wilsonomyces carpophilus += Stigmina carpophila +

+
Silver leaf +Chondrostereum purpureum +
Verticillium wilt +Verticillium dahliae +
Wood decay
+

(Pathogenicity has not been proven for these fungi;
+other wood decay fungi that cause significant
+diseases include Armillaria mellea, Armillaria tabescens,
+and Chondrostereum purpureum.) +

+		 +

Antrodia albida
+Ceriporia spissa
+Coriolopsis gallica
+Daedaleopsis confragosa
+Dendrophora albobadia
+Fomitopsis cajanderi
+Fomitopsis meliae
+Fomitopsis nivosa
+Fomitopsis palustris
+Fomitopsis pinicola
+Fomitopsis rosea
+Ganoderma annularis
+Ganoderma applanatum
+Ganoderma brownii
+Ganoderma lobatum
+Ganoderma lucidum
+Gloeophyllum mexicanum
+Gloeophyllum sepiarium
+Gloeophyllum trabeum
+Gloeoporus dichrous
+Inonotus dryophilus
+Irpex lacteus
+Laeticorticium roseum
+Laetiporus sulphureus
+Lenzites betulina
+Meruliopsis ambiguus
+Oxyporus corticola
+Oxyporus latemarginatus
+Oxyporus populinus
+Oxyporus similis
+Perenniporia fraxinophila
+Perenniporia medulla-panis
+Phanerochaete velutina
+Phellinus ferreus
+Phellinus ferruginosus
+Phellinus gilvus
+Phellinus pomaceus
+Pycnoporus cinnabarinus
+Schizophyllum commune
+Schizophyllum paradoxa
+Stereum hirsutum
+Stereum ochraceo-flavum
+Trametes elegans
+Trametes hirsuta
+Trametes pubescens
+Trametes versicolor
+Trichaptum biforme
+Tyromyces chioneus
+Tyromyces galactinus +

+
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
Dagger nematode + +

Xiphinema americanum
+Xiphinema rivesi +

+
Lesion nematode + +

Pratylenchus penetrans
+Pratylenchus vulnus +

+
Ring nematode + +

Mesocriconema xenoplax
+= Criconemella xenoplax +

+
Root knot nematode + +

Meloidogyne arenaria
+Meloidogyne hapla
+Meloidogyne incognita
+Meloidogyne javanica +

+
+

Viral and viroid diseases

[edit]
+

(Also uncharacterized graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]) +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viral and viroid diseases
+
Asteroid spot = cherry Utah dixie spot +GTP +
Bark and wood grooving +GTP +
Blotch +GTP +
Calico +GTP +
Chlorosis +GTP +
Chlorotic spot +GTP +
Enation +Peach enation virus +
Dark green sunken mottle +genus Trichovirus, Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) +
Latent mosaic +Peach latent mosaic viroid +
Line pattern +genus Ilarvirus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV)
+

genus Ilarvirus, Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) +

+
Line pattern and leaf curl = cherry line pattern leaf curl +GTP (associated with an isometric particle) +
Mosaic +Peach mosaic virus +
Mottle +GTP +
Mule's ear +GTP (associated with PNRSV) +
Necrotic ringspot +genus Ilarvirus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) +
Oil blotch +GTP +
Plum pox = Sharka +genus Potyvirus, Plum pox virus (PPV) +
Prunus stem pitting +genus Nepovirus, Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) +
Purple mosaic +GTP +
Rosette and decline +genus Ilarvirus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) +

+ genus Ilarvirus, Prune dwarf virus (PDV) +

+
Rosette mosaic +Peach rosette mosaic virus +
Seedling chlorosis +GTP +
Shoot stunting (= almond enation) +genus Nepovirus, Tomato black ring virus (TBRV) +
Star mosaic +GTP +
Stubby twig +GTP +
Stunt +genus Ilarvirus, Prune dwarf virus (PDV) + genus Ilarvirus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) +
Wart +GTP +
Willow leaf rosette +Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) + an unknown sap-transmissible virus +
Yellow bud mosaic +genus Nepovirus, Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) +
Yellow mosaic +GTP +
Yellow mottle +GTP +
+

Phytoplasma diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases
+
Apricot chlorotic leaf roll +Phytoplasma +
Little peach (= yellows) +Phytoplasma +
Red Suture (= yellows) +Phytoplasma +
Rosette +Phytoplasma +
X-Disease +Phytoplasma +
Yellow leaf roll +Phytoplasma +
Yellows +Phytoplasma +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders diseases
+
Peach tree short life +Complex of ring nematode, bacterial canker, Cytospora canker, and/or cold injury +
+

References

[edit]
+
+
    +
  1. ^ Dowling, Madeline; Peres, Natalia; Villani, Sara; Schnabel, Guido (2020). "Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge". Plant Disease. 104 (9): 2301–2316. doi:10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 32689886. +
    2. +
  2. ^ Weir, B. S.; Johnston, P. R.; Damm, U. (2012). "The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex". Studies in Mycology. complex species or species complexes?. 73 (1): 115–180. doi:10.3114/sim0011. ISSN 0166-0616. PMC 3458417. PMID 23136459. +
    3. +
  3. ^ Damm, U.; Cannon, P. F.; Woudenberg, J. H. C.; Crous, P. W. (2012). "The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex". Studies in Mycology. complex species or species complexes?. 73 (1): 37–113. doi:10.3114/sim0010. ISSN 0166-0616. PMC 3458416. PMID 23136458. +
    4. +
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List of pear diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
+
+ + +
+

+The following is a list of diseases of pears (Pyrus communis). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Crown gall +Agrobacterium tumefaciens +
Fire blight +Erwinia amylovora +
Pseudomonas blossom blast and canker +Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae +
Pear decline +Phytoplasma +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Alternaria fruit rot + +

Alternaria spp. +

+
Anthracnose canker and bull's-eye rot + +

Pezicula malicorticus
+Cryptosporiopsis curvispora [anamorph] +

+
Armillaria root rot (shoestring root rot) + +

Armillaria mellea
+Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph] +

+
Bitter rot + +

Glomerella cingulata
+Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph] +

+
Black rot, leaf spot and canker + +

Botryosphaeria obtusa
+Sphaeropsis malorum [anamorph] +

+
Black spot (of Japanese pear) + +

Alternaria alternata +

+
Blister canker + +

Helminthosporium papulosum +

+
Blister disease +Coniothecium chomatosporum +
Blue mold rot + +

Penicillium spp.
+Penicillium expansum +

+
Botrytis spur and blossom blight + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] +

+
Brown rot + +

Monilinia fructicola
+Monilinia laxa +

+
Cladosporium fruit rot + +

Cladosporium herbarum
+Mycosphaerella tassiana [teleomorph] +

+
Clitocybe root rot (mushroom root rot)
+		 +

Armillaria tabescens
+= Clitocybe tabescens +

+
Coprinus rot + +

Coprinopsis psychromorbida +

+
Dematophora root rot (Rosellinia root rot) + +

Rosellinia necatrix
+Dematophora necatrix [anamorph] +

+
Diplodia canker + +

Botryosphaeria stevensii
+= Physalospora malorum
+Diplodia mutila [anamorph] +

+
Elsinoe leaf and fruit spot + +

Elsinoe piri
+Sphaceloma pirinum [anamorph] +

+
European canker + +

Nectria galligena
+Cylindrocarpon heteronemum [anamorph] +

+
Fabraea leaf and fruit spot + +

Diplocarpon mespili
+= Fabraea maculata
+Entomosporium mespili [anamorph] +

+
Fly speck + +

Schizothyrium pomi
+Zygophiala jamaicensis [anamorph] +

+
Gibberella canker + +

Gibberella baccata
+Fusarium lateritium [anamorph] +

+
Gray mold rot + +

Botrytis cinerea +

+
Late leaf spot + +

Cercospora minima +

+
Mucor fruit rot + +

Mucor spp.
+Mucor piriformis +

+
Mycosphaerella leaf spot (ashy leaf spot and fruit spot) + +

Mycosphaerella pyri
+= Mycosphaerella sentina
+Septoria pyricola [anamorph] +

+
Nectria twig blight (coral spot) + +

Nectria cinnabarina
+Tubercularia vulgaris [anamorph] +

+
Pear scab + +

Venturia pyrina
+Fusicladium pyrorum [anamorph] +

+
Perennial canker + +

Neofabraea perennans
+Cryptosporiopsis perennans [anamorph] +

+
Phyllosticta leaf spot + +

Phyllosticta sp. +

+
Phytophthora crown and root rot (sprinkler rot) + +

Phytophthora cactorum +

+
Pink mold rot + +

Trichothecium roseum
+= Cephalothecium roseum +

+
Powdery mildew + +

Podosphaera leucotricha +

+
Pythium dieback + +

Pythium spp. +

+
Rhizopus rot + +

Rhizopus stolonifer +

+
Rust, American hawthorne + +

Gymnosporangium globosum +

+
Rust, Kern's pear + +

Gymnosporangium kernianum +

+
Rust, Pacific Coast pear + +

Gymnosporangium libocedri +

+
Rust, pear trellis (European pear rust) + +

Gymnosporangium fuscum +

+
Rust, Rocky Mountain pear + +

Gymnosporangium nelsonii +

+
Side rot + +

Phialophora malorum +

+
Silver leaf + +

Chondrostereum purpureum +

+
Sooty blotch + +

Gloeodes pomigena +

+
Thread blight (Hypochnus leaf blight) + +

Corticium stevensii
+= Pellicularia koleroga
+= Hypochnus ochroleucus +

+
Valsa canker + +

Valsa ceratosperma
+Cytospora sacculus [anamorph] +

+
Wood rot + +

Trametes versicolor
+and various basidiomycetes +

+
Xylaria root rot + +

Xylaria spp. +

+
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Alfalfa greening (green stain) +Unknown +
Bitter pit +Localized calcium deficiency +
Black end +Water imbalance +
Black speck (skin speckling) +Associated with low oxygen in storage +
Blossom blast +Boron deficiency +
Brown core +High CO2 +
Core breakdown (Bartlett) +Senescence +
Cork spot +Associated with calcium deficiency +
Green stain +Unknown +
Internal bark necrosis +Unknown +
Mealy core (d`Anjou) +Senescence +
Pink end (Bartlett) +Preharvest low temperature +
Rosette +Unknown +
Scald +Senescence +
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
Dagger, American + +

Xiphinema americanum +

+
Dagger + +

Xiphinema riveri
+Xiphinema vuittenezi +

+
Lesion + +

Pratylenchus spp.
+Pratylenchus penetrans +

+
Pin + +

Paratylenchus spp. +

+
Root-knot + +

Meloidogyne spp. +

+
+

Viruslike diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viruslike diseases
+
Flemish beauty corky pit +Virus suspected +
Pear blister canker +Virus suspected +
Pear decline +Phytoplasma +
Pear freckle pit +Virus suspected +
Pear red mottle +Virus suspected +
Pear ring pattern mosaic +Virus suspected +
Pear rough bark +Virus suspected +
Pear stony pit +Virus suspected +
Pear vein yellows +Virus suspected +
Quince bark necrosis +Virus suspected +
Quince sooty ring spot +Virus suspected +
Quince stunt +Virus suspected +
Quince yellow blotch +Virus suspected +
+

References

[edit]
+ +
+ + + + + + +
+
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_pear_diseases&oldid=1076735846"
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List of potato diseases

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Edit links
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
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+
+

This is a list of diseases and disorders found in potatoes. +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial Diseases
+
Bacterial wilt = brown rot +

Ralstonia solanacearum
+

+
= Pseudomonas solanacearum
+
Blackleg and bacterial soft rot +

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum
+

+
= Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica
+

P. c. subsp. carotovorum
+

+
= E. c. subsp.
+

carotovora
+P. chrysanthemi
+

+
= E. chrysanthemi
+

Dickeya solani [1] +

+
Pink eyePseudomonas fluorescens +
Ring rot +

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus
+

+
= Corynebacterium sepedonicum
+
Common scab +

Streptomyces scabiei
+

+
= S. scabies
+

S. acidiscabies
+S. turgidiscabies +

+
Zebra chip = Psyllid yellows? +

Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum +

+
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Black dot +

Colletotrichum coccodes
+

+
= Colletotrichum atramentarium
+
Brown spot and Black pit +

Alternaria alternata
+

+
= Alternaria tenuis
+
Cercospora leaf blotch +

Mycovellosiella concors
+

+
= Cercospora concors
+

C. solani
+C. solani-tuberosi +

+
Charcoal rot +

Macrophomina phaseolina
+

+
= Sclerotium bataticola]
+
Choanephora blight +

Choanephora cucurbitarum +

+
Common rust +

Puccinia pittieriana +

+
Deforming rust +

Aecidium cantensis +

+
Early blight +

Alternaria solani +

+
Fusarium dry rot +Fusarium spp.
+

Gibberella pulicaris
+

+
= F. solani
+

Other spp. include:
+F. avenaceum
+F. oxysporum
+F. culmorum
+Less common spp. include:
+F. acuminatum
+F. equiseti
+F. crookwellense +

+
Fusarium wilt +Fusarium spp.
+

F. avenaceum
+F. oxysporum
+F. solani f. sp. eumartii +

+
Gangrene +

Phoma solanicola f. foveata
+Ph. foveata
+

+
= Ph. exigua var. foveata
+
= Ph. e. f. sp. foveata
+

Ph. e. var. exigua +

+
Gray mold +

Botrytis cinerea
+

+
Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph]
+
Phoma leaf spot +

Ph. andigena var. andina +

+
Powdery mildew +

Erysiphe cichoracearum +

+
Rhizoctonia canker and black scurf +

Rhizoctonia solani
+

+
Rosellinia black rot +

Rosellinia sp.[which?]
+

+
Dematophora sp. [anamorph]
+
Septoria leaf spot +

S. lycopersici var. malagutii +

+
Silver scurf +

Helminthosporium solani +

+
Skin spot +

Polyscytalum pustulans +

+
Stem rot (southern blight) +

Athelia rolfsii +

+
Thecaphora smut +

Angiosorus solani
+

+
= Thecaphora solani
+
Ulocladium blight +

Ulocladium atrum +

+
Verticillium wilt +

Verticillium albo-atrum
+V. dahliae +

+
Wart +

Synchytrium endobioticum +

+
White mold (= +

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +

+
+

Protistan diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Protistan diseases
+
Late blight (oomycete) +

Phytophthora infestans[2] +

+
Leak (oomycete) +

Pythium spp.
+Pythium ultimum var. ultimum
+= Pythium debaryanum
+Pythium aphanidermatum
+Pythium deliense +

+
Pink rot (oomycete) +

Phytophthora spp.
+Phytophthora cryptogea
+Phytophthora drechsleri
+Phytophthora erythroseptica
+Phytophthora megasperma
+Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica +

+
Powdery scab (Rhizaria) +

Spongospora subterranea f.sp. subterranea +

+
+

Viral and viroid diseases

[edit]
+
Main article: Viral diseases of potato
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viral and viroid diseases
+
Alfalfa mosaic virusgenus Alfamovirus, Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) +
Andean potato latent virusgenus Tymovirus, Andean potato latent virus (APLV) +
Andean potato mottle virusgenus Comovirus, Andean potato mottle virus (APMV) +
Arracacha virus B - Oca straingenus Nepovirus, Arracacha virus B Oca strain (AVB-O) +
Beet curly top virusgenus Curtovirus, Beet curly top virus (BCTV) +
Cucumber mosaic virusgenus Cucumovirus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) +
Eggplant mottle dwarf virusgenus Rhabdovirus, Eggplant mottle dwarf virus (EMDV) +
Potato aucuba mosaic virusgenus Potexvirus, Potato aucuba mosaic virus (PAMV) +
Potato black ringspot virusgenus Nepovirus, Potato black ringspot virus (PBRSV) +
Potato deforming mosaic virusgenus Geminiviridae Potato deforming mosaic virus subgroup III, (PDMV) +
Potato latent virusgenus Carlavirus, Potato latent virus (PLV) +
Potato leafroll virusgenus Luteovirus, Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) +
Potato mop-top virus (spraing of tubers)genus Furovirus, Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) +
Potato rugose mosaicgenus Potyvirus, Potato virus Y (PVY, strains O, N and C) +
Potato stem mottle (spraing of tubers)genus Tobravirus, Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) +
Potato spindle tuberPotato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) +
Potato yellow dwarf virusgenus Nucleorhabdovirus, Potato yellow dwarf virus (PYDV) +
Potato yellow mosaic virusgenus Geminiviridae, Potato yellow mosaic virus (PYMV); subgroup III +
Potato yellow vein virusPotato yellow vein virus (PYVV) +
Potato yellowing virusgenus Alfamovirus, Potato yellowing virus (PYV) +
Potato virus Agenus Potyvirus, Potato virus A (PVA) +
Potato virus Mgenus Carlavirus, Potato virus M (PVM) +
Potato virus Sgenus Carlavirus, Potato virus S (PVS) +
Potato virus Hgenus Carlavirus, Potato virus H (PVH) +
Potato virus Tgenus Trichovirus, Potato virus T +
Potato virus Ugenus Nepovirus, Potato virus U (PVU) +
Potato virus Vgenus Potyvirus, Potato virus V (PVV) +
Potato virus Xgenus Potexvirus, Potato virus X (PVX) +
Potato virus Ygenus Potyvirus, Potato virus Y (PVY) +
Solanum apical leaf curling virusGeminiviridae, Solanum apical leaf curling virus (SALCV) subgroup III +
Sowbane mosaic virusgenus Sobemovirus, Sowbane mosaic virus (SoMV) +
Tobacco mosaic virusgenus Tobamovirus, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) +
Tobacco necrosis virusgenus Necrovirus, Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) +
Tobacco rattle virusgenus Tobravirus, Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) +
Tobacco streak virusgenus Ilarvirus, Tobacco streak virus (TSV) +
Tomato black ring virusgenus Nepovirus, Tomato black ring virus (ToBRV) +
Tomato mosaic virusgenus Tobamovirus, Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) +
Tomato spotted wilt virusgenus Tospovirus, Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) +
Tomato yellow mosaic virusgenus Geminiviridae, Tomato yellow mosaic virus (ToYMV) subgroup III +
Wild potato mosaic virusgenus Potyvirus, Wild potato mosaic virus (WPMV) +
+

Nematode parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematode parasitic
+
Potato cyst nematode + +

Globodera rostochiensis
+Globodera pallida +

+
Lesion nematode + +

Pratylenchus spp.
+Pratylenchus brachyurus
+Pratylenchus penetrans
+Other species include:
+Pratylenchus scribneri
+Pratylenchus neglectus
+Pratylenchus thornei
+Pratylenchus crenatus
+Pratylenchus andinus
+Pratylenchus vulnus
+Pratylenchus coffeae +

+
Potato rot nematode + +

Ditylenchus destructor +

+
Root knot nematode + +

Meloidogyne spp.
+Meloidogyne hapla
+Meloidogyne incognita
+Meloidogyne javanica
+Meloidogyne chitwoodi +

+
Sting nematode + +

Belonolaimus longicaudatus +

+
Stubby-root nematode + +

Paratrichodorus spp.
+Trichodorus spp. +

+
+

Phytoplasmal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
Phytoplasmal diseases +
Aster yellowsAster yellows group of phytoplasmas +
Witches'-broomWitches’ broom phytoplasma +
BLTVAThe beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders +
Aerial tubersPhytoplasma infection or anything that constricts the stem, including but not limited to Rhizoctonia canker, heat necrosis, chemical injury, mechanical injury, wind injury +
Air pollution injuryPhotochemical oxidants (primarily ozone), sulfur oxides +
Black heartOxygen deficiency of internal tuber tissue +
Blackspot bruiseBruising, pressure contact +
Elephant hideRoughening of tuber skin due to physiological or environmental causes +
Hollow heartExcessively rapid tuber enlargement +
Internal brown spot = heat necrosisOxygen deficiency of tuber accompanying high soil temperature +
Jelly end rotCarbohydrate translocation due to second growth +
Physiological leaf rollResponse to adverse environment +
Psyllid yellowsToxic saliva of the potato (tomato) psyllid, Paratrioza cockerelli +
Shatter bruiseMechanical damage to tuber +
SkinningMechanical damage to tuber +
Stem-end browningExact cause(s) unknown, chemical injury, viruses or other pathogens. +
+

References

[edit]
+
    +
  1. ^ William Surman (19 August 2010). "Major new disease threat to potatoes". Farmers Guardian / UBM Information Ltd. Archived from the original on 18 March 2012. Retrieved 26 July 2011. +
    2. +
  2. ^ Nowicki, Marcin; et al. (17 August 2011), "Potato and tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans: An overview of pathology and resistance breeding", Plant Dis, 96 (1), Plant Disease, ASP: 4–17, doi:10.1094/PDIS-05-11-0458, PMID 30731850 +
    3. +
+ +
[edit]
+
  • Sparks, Adam; Kennelly, Megan (May 2008). "Common Scab of Potato" (PDF). Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. Retrieved 2018-01-06.
+ + + + + + +
+
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_potato_diseases&oldid=1334342483"
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List of spinach diseases

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Add links
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
+
+ + +
+

+

+ +

This article is a list of diseases of spinach (Spinacia oleracea). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Bacterial leaf spot +Pseudomonas syringae pv. spinacea +
Bacterial soft rot +Erwinia carotovora +
Witches’-broom +Rickettsia-like organism +
+

Fungal and Oomycete diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Anthracnose + +

Colletotrichum dematium
+= Colletotrichum spinaciae +

+
Aphanomyces root rot + +

Aphanomyces cochlioides
+Aphanomyces cladogamus +

+
Cercospora leaf spot + +

Cercospora beticola +

+
Damping-off + +

Pythium aphanidermatum
+Pythium irregulare
+Pythium ultimum
+Rhizoctonia solani
+Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] +

+
Downy mildew = blue mold + +

Peronospora effusa +

+
Fusarium wilt + +

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. spinacia +

+
Leaf spot + +

Alternaria spp.
+Ascochyta spinaciae
+Cercospora spp.
+Cladosporium spp.
+Myrothecium spp.
+Phyllosticta spp.
+Ramularia spinaciae
+Other fungi +

+
Phoma blight + +

Phoma nebulosa +

+
Phytophthora root rot + +

Phytophthora cryptogea
+Phytophthora megasperma +

+
Pythium root rot + +

Pythium aphanidermatum
+Pythium heterothallicum
+Pythium sylvaticum +

+
Red rust + +

Puccinia aristidae
+Aecidium caspicum [anamorph] +

+
Seed mold + +

Alternaria spp.
+Curvularia spp.
+Other fungi +

+
White rust + +

Albugo occidentalis +

+
White smut + +

Entyloma ellisii +

+
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
Beet cyst nematode +Heterodera schachtii +
Clover cyst nematode +Heterodera trifolii +
Root knot +Meloidogyne spp. +
Root lesion +Pratylenchus spp. +
+

Viral diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viral diseases
+
Curly top +genus Hybrigeminivirus, Beet curly top virus (BCTV)
+
Speckles +genus Luteovirus, Beet western yellows virus (BWYV)
+

genus Umbravirus, Lettuce speckles mottle virus (LSMV) +

+
Spinach blight +genus Fabavirus, Broad bean wilt virus (BBWV)
+

genus Cucumovirus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)
+Other viruses +

+
Spinach mosaic +genus Potyvirus, Beet mosaic virus (BtMV)
+

genus Tobamovirus, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
+Other viruses +

+
Yellow dwarf +Unidentified virus +
Yellows +genus Luteovirus, Beet western yellows virus (BWYV)
+

genus Cucumovirus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)
+genus Tospovirus, Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)
+genus Potyvirus, Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) +

+
+

Phytoplasmal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + +
Phytoplasmal diseases
+
Aster yellows +Phytoplasma +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Heart-leaf disorder +Low light, wide diurnal air temperature fluctuations, low soil temperatures +
Leaf necrosis and scorch +Ozone and other air pollutants +
Tip burn +Unknown +
Yellows +Nutritional disorders +
+

References

[edit]
+
+
+ + + + + + + +
+
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_spinach_diseases&oldid=1084272976"
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List of strawberry diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
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+

+This article is a list of diseases of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases
+
Angular leaf spot +Xanthomonas fragariae +
Bacterial wilt +Pseudomonas solanacearum +
Cauliflower disease (complex) +Rhodococcus fascians = Corynebacterium fascians
+
+

Oomycete diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + +
Oomycete diseases
+
Downy mildew +Peronospora potentillae = Peronospora fragariae
+
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+
older stadium of Mycosphaerella fragariae on strawberry
+
Botrytis cinerea on strawberry
+
Powdery mildew on strawberry
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases
+
Alternaria fruit rot + +

Alternaria tenuissima +

+
Anther and pistil blight + +

Rhizoctonia fragariae
+Ceratobasidium sp. [teleomorph] +

+
Anthracnose and anthracnose fruit rot and black spot[1] + +

Colletotrichum acutatum species complex[2] +

+ +

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex[3] +

+ +

Glomerella cingulata [teleomorph] (archaic)
Gloeosporium spp. (archaic) +

+
Armillaria crown and root rot (shoestring crown and root rot) + +

Armillaria mellea
+Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph] +

+
Black leaf spot +Alternaria alternata f.sp. fragariae
+

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
+= Colletotrichum fragariae +

+
Black root rot (disease complex) + +

Rhizoctonia fragariae
+Ceratobasidium [teleomorph] sp.
+Coniothyrium fuckelii
+Diapleella coniothyrium [teleomorph]
+= Leptosphaeria coniothyrium
+Hainesia lythri
+Discohainesia oenotherae [teleomorph]
+Idriella lunata
+Pyrenochaeta sp.
+Pythium spp.
+Pythium ultimum +

+
Cercospora leaf spot + +

Cercospora fragariae
+Cercospora vexans +

+
Charcoal rot + +

Macrophomina phaseolina
+= Botryodiplodia phaseoli +

+
Common leaf spot + +

Mycosphaerella fragariae
+Ramularia brunnea [anamorph] +

+
Coniothyrium diseases + +

Coniothyrium fuckelii
+Coniella fragariae
+= Coniothyrium fragariae +

+
Dematophora crown and root rot (white root rot) + +

Rosellinia necatrix
+Dematophora necatrix [anamorph] +

+
Diplodina rot (leaf and stalk rot) + +

Phoma lycopersici
+= Diplodina lycopersici
+Didymella lycopersici [teleomorph] +

+
Fruit rots (in addition to those appearing elsewhere in this listing) + +

Aspergillus niger
+Cladosporium spp.
+Mucor mucedo
+Mucor hiemalis
+Mucor hiemalis f. silvaticus
+Mucor piriformis
+Penicillium aurantiogriseum
+= Penicillium cyclopium
+Penicillium expansum
+Penicillium glabrum
+= Penicillium frequentans
+Penicillium purpurogenum +

+
Byssochlamys rot + +

Byssochlamys fulva
+Paecilomyces fulvus [anamorph] +

+
Brown cap + +

Foliar pathogens which attack cap-drying +

+
Fruit blotch + +

Fusarium sambucinum +Gibberella pulicaris[teleomorph]
+Penicillium purpurogenum
+Peronospora potentillae
+Sphaeropsis malorum
+Botryosphaeria obtusa [teleomorph]
+= Physalospora obtusa
+Sclerotium rolfsii
+Athelia rolfsii [teleomorph]
+= Corticium rolfsii
+Schizoparme straminea
+Coniella castaneicola [anamorph]
+= Pilidiella quercicola +

+
Gray mold leaf blight and dry crown rot + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Botryotinia fuckeliana (teleomorph) +

+
Hainesia leaf spot + +

Hainesia lythri +

+
Hard brown rot
+		 +

Rhizoctonia solani +Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph]
+Macrophomina phaseolina
+= Macrophomina phaseoli
+= Rhizoctonia bataticola +

+
Leaf blotch + +

Gnomonia comari
+Zythia fragariae [anamorph]
+Gnomonia fragariae +

+
Leaf rust + +

Phragmidium potentillae
+= Frommea obtusa +

+
Leaf scorch + +

Diplocarpon earlianum
+Marssonina fragariae [anamorph]
+= Marssonina potentillae +

+
Leather rot + +

Phytophthora cactorum
+Phytophthora citricola
+Phytophthora citrophthora
+Phytophthora nicotianae
+= Phytophthora parasitica +

+
Lilac soft rot + +

Pythium sp. +

+
Pestalotia fruit rot + +

Pestalotia laurocerasi
+Pestalotia longisetula +

+
Leaf blight + +

Phomopsis obscurans
+= Dendrophoma obscurans
+Neopestalotiopsis clavispora[citation needed] +

+
Postharvest rots + +

Botrytis cinerea
+Mucor mucedo
+Pichia membranifaciens
+Pichia subpelliculosa
+= Hansenula subpelliculosa
+Saccharomyces cerevisiae
+Saccharomyces kluyveri
+Zygosaccharomyces bailii
+= Saccharomyces bailii
+Zygotorulaspora florentina
+= Saccharomyces florentinus, Zygosaccharomyces florentinus +

+
Powdery mildew + +

Podosphaera fragariae
+unknown Podosphaera (Americas) +

+
Phytophthora crown and root rot + +

Phytophthora sp.
+Phytophthora cactorum
+Phytophthora citricola
+Phytophthora citrophthora
+Phytophthora megasperma
+Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica +

+
Other root rots +
Botrytis crown rot + +

Botrytis cinerea +

+
Gray sterile fungus root rot + +

Phoma terrestris
+= Pyrenochaeta terrestris +

+
Idriella root rot + +

Idriella lunata +

+
Macrophomina root rot + +

Macrophomina phaseolina +

+
Olpidium root infection + +

Olpidium brassicae +

+
Synchytrium root gall + +

Synchytrium fragariae +

+
Purple leaf spot + +

Mycosphaerella louisianae +

+
Red stele + +

Phytophthora fragariae +

+
Rhizoctonia bud and crown rot, leaf blight, web blight, fruit rot + +

Rhizoctonia solani
+Rhizoctonia fragariae +

+
Rhizopus rot (leak) + +

Rhizopus stolonifer +

+
Sclerotinia crown and fruit rot + +

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum +

+
Septoria hard rot and leaf spot + +

Septoria fragariae
+= Septogloeum potentillae
+Septoria aciculosa
+Septoria fragariaecola +

+
Stunt (Pythium root rot) + +

Pythium ultimum
+Pythium spp.
+Pythium acanthicum
+Pythium debaryanum
+Pythium dissotocum
+Pythium hypogynum
+Pythium irregulare
+Pythium middletonii
+= Pythium proliferum
+Pythium myriotylum
+Pythium perniciosum
+Pythium rostratum
+Pythium sylvaticum +

+
Southern blight (Sclerotium rot) + +

Sclerotium rolfsii +

+
Stem-end rot + +

Gnomonia comari +

+
Tan-brown rot (of fruit) +Pilidium lythri (previously known as Pilidium concavum) +

Discohainesia oenotherae
+Hainesia lythri
+= Patellina fragariae [anamorph] +

+
Verticillium wilt + +

Verticillium albo-atrum
+Verticillium dahliae +

+
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+
Pith necrosis and crown death +Unknown +
Rapid death +Unknown, resembles P. cactorum +
Slime molds +Diachea leucopodia
+

Physarum cinereum +

+
+

Nematodes, parasitic

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic
+
Bulb and stem + +

Ditylenchus dipsaci +

+
Dagger + +

Xiphenema spp. +

+
Dagger, American + +

Xiphenema americanum +

+
Lesion + +

Pratylenchus coffeae
+Pratylenchus penetrans
+Pratylenchus pratensis
+Pratylenchus scribneri +

+
Root-knot + +

Meloidogyne spp.
+Meloidogyne hapla +

+
Spring dwarf (crimp) or foliar nematodes + +

Aphelenchoides fragariae
+Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi +

+
Sting + +

Belonolaimus longicaudatus
+Belonolaimus gracilis +

+
Summer dwarf (crimp) + +

Aphelenchoides besseyi +

+
+

Phytoplasma, Virus and virus-like diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Virus and virus-like diseases
+
Aphid-transmitted +
Strawberry chlorotic fleck +Strawberry chlorotic fleck (graft-transmissible agent of unknown relationship) +
Strawberry crinkle +Strawberry crinkle virus (SCV) (cytoplasmic rhabdovirus) +
Strawberry latent C virus in Fragaria +Strawberry latent C virus (SLCV) (nuclear rhabdovirus) +
Strawberry mild yellow-edge +Strawberry mild yellow-edge virus (SMYEV) (plus an unnamed potexvirus) +
Strawberry mottle +Strawberry mottle virus (SMV) (Relationship unknown) +
Strawberry pseudo mild yellow-edge +Strawberry pseudo mild yellow-edge virus (SPMYEV) (carlavirus) +
Strawberry vein banding +Strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV) (caulimovirus) +
Leafhopper-transmitted phytoplasma and rickettsia-like agents (vectors known or probable): +
Aster yellows +Aster yellows phytoplasma +
Maladie du bord jaune +phytoplasma +
Strawberry green petal +Strawberry green petal phytoplasma +
Strawberry lethal decline +Strawberry lethal decline phytoplasma +
Strawberry multiplier plant +Strawberry Multiplier MLO +
Strawberry mycoplasma yellows disease +Strawberry yellows phytoplasma +
Strawberry rickettsia yellows disease +Strawberry yellows rickettsia-like organism (SYRLO) +
Strawberry witches'-broom +Strawberry witches'-broom MLO +
Nematode-transmitted +
Arabis mosaic virus +Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) (nepovirus) +
Raspberry ringspot virus +Raspberry ringspot virus (nepovirus) +
Strawberry latent ringspot virus +Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRV) (nepovirus) +
Tomato black ring virus +Tomato black ring virus (TomBRV) (nepovirus) +
Tomato ringspot virus +Tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV) (nepovirus) +
Fungus-transmitted +
Tobacco necrosis virus in Fragaria vesca +Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) (necrovirus) +
Pollen-transmitted +
Strawberry pallidosis +Strawberry pallidosis (graft- and pollen-transmissible agent of unknown relationship) +
Thrips-transmitted +
Strawberry necrotic shock +Tobacco streak virus, strawberry strain (TSV-SNS) (Ilarvirus) +
Vectors unknown +
Strawberry leafroll +Strawberry leafroll (graft-transmissible agent(s) of unknown relationship +
Strawberry feather-leaf +Strawberry feather-leaf (graft-transmissible agent of unknown relationship +
Non-graft transmissible virus-like disease +
Strawberry June yellows +Genetically transmitted disorder of unknown cause +
+

See also

[edit]
+ +

References

[edit]
+
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  1. ^ Dowling, Madeline; Peres, Natalia; Villani, Sara; Schnabel, Guido (2020). "Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge". Plant Disease. 104 (9): 2301–2316. doi:10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 32689886. S2CID 219479598. +
    2. +
  2. ^ Damm, U.; Cannon, P. F.; Woudenberg, J. H. C.; Crous, P. W. (2012). "The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex". Studies in Mycology. complex species or species complexes?. 73: 37–113. doi:10.3114/sim0010. ISSN 0166-0616. PMC 3458416. PMID 23136458. +
    3. +
  3. ^ Weir, B. S.; Johnston, P. R.; Damm, U. (2012). "The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex". Studies in Mycology. complex species or species complexes?. 73: 115–180. doi:10.3114/sim0011. ISSN 0166-0616. PMC 3458417. PMID 23136459. +
    4. +
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List of tomato diseases

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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+

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This article is a list of diseases of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). +

+ +

Bacterial diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bacterial diseases (including phytoplasma) +
Bacterial Canker of Tomato +Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis +
Bacterial speckPseudomonas syringae pv. tomato +
Bacterial spot +Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria +
Bacterial stem rot and fruit rot +Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora +
Bacterial wilt +Ralstonia solanacearum +
Pith necrosis +Pseudomonas corrugata +
Syringae leaf spot +Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae +
Aster yellows +Ca. Phytoplasma asteris +
Tomato big bud +Ca. Phytoplasma sp.; may be multiple agents +
+

Fungal diseases

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fungal diseases +
Alternaria stem canker + + +
Anthracnose + + +
Black mold rot + + +
Black root rot + + +
Black shoulder + + +
Buckeye rot of tomato + + +
Cercospora leaf mold + + +
Charcoal rot + + +
Corky root rot + + +
Didymella stem rot + + +
Early blight + + +
Fusarium crown and root rot + + +
Fusarium wilt + + +
Gray Leaf Spot + + +
Gray mold + + +
Late blight + + +
Leaf mold + + +
Phoma rot + + +
Powdery mildew + + +
Pythium damping-off and fruit rot + + +
Rhizoctonia damping-off and fruit rot + + +
Rhizopus rot + + +
Septoria leaf spot + + +
Sour rot + + +
Southern Blight + + +
Target spot + + +
Verticillium wilt + + +
White mold + + +
+

Lepidoptera larvae

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Lepidoptera larvae +
Cutworm + + +
tomato fruitworm + +
  • Helicoverpa zea
+
Tomato hornworm + +
  • Manduca quinquemaculata
+
Tobacco hornworm + +
  • Manduca sexta
+
+ + +
Brown-tipped pearl + + +
Eggplant borer + + +
+ + +
Tomato fruit borer + + +
Eggplant leafroller + + +
Potato tuber moth + + +
Tomato borer + + +
Tomato pinworm + + +
+

Nematodes

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
Nematodes, parasitic +
Root-knot + + +
Sting + + +
Stubby-root + + +
+

Viral and viroid

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Viral and viroid diseases +
Common mosaic of tomato (internal browning of fruit) +Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) +
Curly top +Curtovirus +
Potato virus Y +Potato virus Y +
Pseudo curly top +Tomato pseudo-curly top virus +
Tomato bushy stunt +Tomato bushy stunt virus +
Tomato etch +Tobacco etch virus +
Tomato fern leaf +Cucumber mosaic virus +
Tomato mosaic +Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) +
Tomato mottle +Tomato mottle geminivirus +
Tomato necrosis +Alfalfa mosaic virus +
Tomato spotted wilt +Tomato spotted wilt virus +
Tomato yellow leaf curl +Tomato yellow leaf curl virus +
Tomato yellow top +Tomato yellow top virus +
Tomato bunchy top +Potato spindle tuber viroid[5] +
Tomato planto macho +Tomato planto macho viroid +
+

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

[edit]
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders +
Autogenous necrosis +Genetic +
Fruit pox +Genetic +
Gold fleck +Genetic +
Graywall +Undetermined etiology +
+

References

[edit]
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  1. ^ Nowicki, Marcin; et al. (17 August 2011), "Potato and tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans: An overview of pathology and resistance breeding", Plant Disease, 96 (1), Plant Disease, ASP: 4–17, doi:10.1094/PDIS-05-11-0458, PMID 30731850 +
    2. +
  2. ^ Nowakowska, Marzena; et al. (3 Oct 2014), "Appraisal of artificial screening techniques of tomato to accurately reflect field performance of the late blight resistance", PLOS ONE, 9 (10) e109328, Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j9328N, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0109328, PMC 4184844, PMID 25279467 +
    3. +
  3. ^ a b Mally, Richard; Hayden, James E.; Neinhuis, Christoph; Jordal, Bjarte H.; Nuss, Matthias (2019). "The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology" (PDF). Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny. 77 (1): 141–204. doi:10.26049/ASP77-1-2019-07. ISSN 1863-7221. +
    4. +
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Hayden, James E.; Lee, Sangmi; Passoa, Steven C.; Young, James; Landry, Jean-François; Nazari, Vazrick; Mally, Richard; Somma, Louis A.; Ahlmark, Kurt M. (2013). "Digital Identification of Microlepidoptera on Solanaceae". USDA-APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP). Fort Collins, CO. Retrieved 2021-05-05. +
    5. +
  5. ^ Mink, G. I. (1993). "Pollen and Seed-Transmitted Viruses and Viroids". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 31 (1). Annual Reviews: 375–402. doi:10.1146/annurev.py.31.090193.002111. ISSN 0066-4286. +
    6. +
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+
+ +
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_apple_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_apple_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..725da19 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_apple_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,511 @@ +{{Short description|None}} +{{Refimprove|date=January 2025}} +Diseases of [[apple]]s (''Malus domestica'') include: + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +! colspan=2| '''Pseudomonadota'''
+|- +|Blister spot +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''papulans'' +|- +|[[Crown Gall|Crown gall]] +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|[[Fire blight]] +||''[[Erwinia amylovora]]'' +|- +|Hairy root +||''[[Agrobacterium rhizogenes]]'' +|- +! colspan=2| '''Mycoplasmatota'''
+|- +|[[Apple chat fruit]] +||Phytoplasma suspected +|- +|Apple decline +||Phytoplasma suspected +|- +|Apple proliferation +||Phytoplasma +|- +|Rubbery wood +||Phytoplasma suspected +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria blotch +|| +''[[Alternaria mali]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Alternaria alternata|A. alternata]]'' apple pathotype +|- +|Alternaria rot +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|American brown rot +||''[[Monilinia fructicola]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose canker and bull's-eye rot +|| +''[[Pezicula malicorticus]]''
+''[[Cryptosporiopsis curvispora]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|[[Apple scab]] +|| +''[[Venturia inaequalis]]''
+''[[Venturia inaequalis|Spilocaea pomi]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Apple ring rot and canker +||''[[Botryosphaeria berengeriana]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora]]'' +|- +|Armillaria root rot = shoestring root rot +||''[[Armillaria mellea]]'' +|- +|[[Bitter rot of apple|Bitter rot]]{{Cite journal|last1=Dowling|first1=Madeline|last2=Peres|first2=Natalia|last3=Villani|first3=Sara|last4=Schnabel|first4=Guido|date=2020|title=Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge|journal=Plant Disease|volume=104|issue=9|pages=2301–2316|doi=10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE|pmid=32689886|s2cid=219479598|issn=0191-2917|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=Martin|first1=Phillip L.|last2=Krawczyk|first2=Teresa|last3=Khodadadi|first3=Fatemeh|last4=Aćimović|first4=Srđan G.|last5=Peter|first5=Kari A.|date=2021|title=Bitter Rot of Apple in the Mid-Atlantic United States: Causal Species and Evaluation of the Impacts of Regional Weather Patterns and Cultivar Susceptibility|journal=Phytopathology|volume=111|issue=6|language=en|pages=PHYTO–09–20-043|doi=10.1094/PHYTO-09-20-0432-R|pmid=33487025|s2cid=231701083|issn=0031-949X|doi-access=free}} +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph] (archaic)
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [anamorph] + +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Weir|first1=B.S.|last2=Johnston|first2=P.R.|last3=Damm|first3=U.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|language=en|volume=73|issue=1|pages=115–180|doi=10.3114/sim0011|pmc=3458417|pmid=23136459}} + +* ''Colletotrichum fructicola'' +* ''Colletotrichum chrysophilum'' + +''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Damm|first1=U.|last2=Cannon|first2=P.F.|last3=Woudenberg|first3=J.H.C.|last4=Crous|first4=P.W.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|language=en|volume=73|issue=1|pages=37–113|doi=10.3114/sim0010|pmc=3458416|pmid=23136458}} + +* ''[[Colletotrichum fioriniae]]'' +* ''Colletotrichum nymphaeae'' +|- +|Black pox +||''[[Helminthosporium papulosum]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +|| +''[[Xylaria mali]]''
+''[[Xylaria polymorpha]]'' +|- +|Black rot, frogeye leafspot and canker +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria obtusa]]''
+''[[Sphaeropsis malorum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Blister canker = nailhead canker +|| +''[[Biscogniauxia marginata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Nummularia discreta]]'' +|- +|Blue mold +||''[[Penicillium]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium expansum]]'' +|- +|Brooks fruit spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella pomi]]''
+''[[Cylindrosporium pomi]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Brown rot blossom blight and spur infection +|| +''[[Monilinia laxa]]'' +|- +|Calyx-end rot +||''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Clitocybe root rot +|| +''[[Armillaria tabescens]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Clitocybe tabescens]]'' +|- +|Diaporthe canker* +|| +''[[Diaporthe tanakae]]''
+''[[Phomopsis tanakae]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Diplodia canker +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria stevensii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora malorum]]''
+''[[Diplodia mutila]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|European brown rot +|| +''[[Monilinia fructigena]]''
+''[[Monilia fructigena]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Monilinia laxa]]'' +|- +|Fisheye rot +|| +''[[Butlerelfia eustacei]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium centrifugum]]'' +|- +|Flyspeck +|| +''[[Schizothyrium pomi]]''
+''[[Zygophiala jamaicensis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Fruit blotch, leaf spot and twig canker +||''[[Phyllosticta solitaria]]'' +|- +|Glomerella leaf spot +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Gray mold rot = dry eye rot, blossom-end rot +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botrytis cinerea|Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Leptosphaeria canker and fruit rot +|| +''[[Diapleella coniothyrium]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Leptosphaeria coniothyrium]]''
+''[[Coniothyrium fuckelii]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Leucostoma canker and dieback +|| +''[[Leucostoma cinctum]]''
+''[[Cytospora cincta]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Valsa auerswaldii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Leucostoma auerswaldii]]''
+''[[Cytospora personata]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|[[Marssonina blotch]] +|| +''[[Diplocarpon coronariae]]'' +|- +|Moldy core and core rot +|| +''[[Alternaria]]'' spp.
+''[[Cladosporium]]'' spp.
+''[[Coniothyrium]]'' sp.
+''[[Epicoccum]]'' spp.
+''[[Pleospora herbarum]]''
+''[[Stemphylium]]'' spp.
+''[[Ulocladium]]'' spp. +|- +|Monilia leaf blight +|| +''[[Monilinia mali]]''
+''[[Monilinia|Monilia]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Monochaetia twig canker +|| +''[[Seiridium unicorne]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Monochaetia mali]]''
+''[[Lepteutypa cupressi]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Mucor rot +|| +''[[Mucor]]'' spp.
+''[[Mucor piriformis]]'' +|- +|Nectria canker +|| +''[[Nectria galligena]]''
+''[[Cylindrocarpon heteronemum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Nectria twig blight = coral spot +|| +''[[Nectria cinnabarina]]''
+''[[Tubercularia vulgaris]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Peniophora root canker +||''[[Peniophora sacrata]]'' +|- +|Perennial canker +|| +''[[Neofabraea perennans]]''
+''[[Cryptosporiopsis perennans]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Phomopsis canker, fruit decay and rough bark +|| +''[[Phomopsis mali]]''
+''[[Diaporthe perniciosa]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot = cotton root rot +|| +''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora crown, collar and root rot = sprinkler rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora cambivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora cryptogea]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora fruit rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Pink mold rot +|| +''[[Trichothecium roseum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cephalothecium roseum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +||''[[Podosphaera leucotricha]]'' +|- +|Rosellinia root rot = Dematophora root rot +|| +''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]''
+''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Rubber rot +|''[[Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis]]'' +|- +!colspan=2|Rusts +|- +|American hawthorne rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium globosum]]'' +|- +|Cedar apple rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae]]'' +|- +|Japanese apple rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium yamadae]]'' +|- +|Pacific Coast pear rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium libocedri]]'' +|- +|Quince rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium clavipes]]'' +|- +!colspan=2|... +|- +|Side rot +||''[[Phialophora malorum]]'' +|- +|Silver leaf +||''[[Chondrostereum purpureum]]'' +|- +|Sooty blotch complex +|| +''[[Peltaster fructicola]]''
+''[[Geastrumia polystigmatis]]''
+''[[Leptodontidium elatius]]''
+''[[Gloeodes pomigena]]'' +|- +|Southern blight +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Thread blight = Hypochnus leaf blight +|| +''[[Corticium stevensii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pellicularia koleroga]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Hypochnus ochroleucus]]'' +|- +|Valsa canker +|| +''[[Valsa ceratosperma]]''
+''[[Cytospora sacculus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Violet root rot +||''[[Helicobasidium mompa]]'' +|- +|White root rot +|| +''[[Scytinostroma galactinum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium galactinum]]'' +|- +|White rot +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria dothidea]]''
+''[[Fusicoccum aesculi]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|X-spot = Nigrospora spot +||''[[Nigrospora oryzae]]'' +|- +|Zonate leaf spot +|| +''[[Cristulariella moricola]]''
+''[[Grovesinia pyramidalis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Dagger nematode +|| +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]''
+''[[Xiphinema rivesi]]''
+''[[Xiphinema vuittenezi]]'' +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]'' +|- +|Pin nematode +|| +''[[Paratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Ring nematode +|| +''[[Criconemella]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Apple chlorotic leafspot +||genus [[Trichovirus]], [[Apple chlorotic leafspot virus]] (ACLSV) +|- +|Apple dwarf (Malus platycarpa) +||[[Apple stem pitting virus]] (ASPV) (? not US/CAN) +|- +|Apple flat apple +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Cherry rasp leaf virus]] (CRLV) +|- +|Apple mosaic +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Apple mosaic virus]] (ApMV)
+genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Tulare apple mosaic virus]] (TAMV) +|- +|Apple stem grooving = Apple decline of Virginia crab +||genus [[Capillovirus]], [[Apple stem grooving virus]] (ASGV) +|- +|Apple stem pitting = apple Spy 227 epinasty and decline +||[[Apple stem pitting virus]] (ASPV) +|- +|Apple union necrosis and decline +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Tomato ringspot virus]] (ToRSV) +|- +|} + +==Viroid diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viroid diseases'''
+|- +|Swollen apple +||Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) +|- +|Apple dimple fruit +||Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) +|- +|Apple fruit crinkle +||Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) (Japan) +|- +|Apple scar skin = apple dapple, apple sabi-ka, apple bumpy fruit +||Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) +|- +|} + +==Suspected viral- and viroid-like diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Suspected viral- and viroid-like diseases'''
+|- +|Dead spur +||GTP, unidentified +|- +|False sting +||GTP, virus suspected +|- +|Green crinkle +||GTP, virus suspected +|- +|Rough skin +||GTP, virus suspected +|- +|Star crack +||GTP, virus suspected +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|[[Bitter pit]] +||Localized calcium deficiency +|- +|Blossom blast +||Boron deficiency +|- +|[[Burrknot]] +||Genetically predisposed rootstock +|- +|Fruit cracking +||Genetic +|- +|Fruit russet +||Frost, sprays, etc. +|- +|Green mottle +||Unidentified +|- +|Hollow apple +||High temperature +|- +|Internal bark necrosis = measles +||Low pH and mineral nutrient imbalance +|- +|Internal browning +||Boron and calcium deficiencies, etc. +|- +|Jonathan spot +||Reduced by controlled atmosphere storage +|- +|Narrow leaf +||Genetic +|- +|Necrotic leaf blotch of ‘Golden Delicious’ +||Rapid synthesis of [[gibberellin]]s triggered by environmental factors +|- +|Spray injury +|Spray +|- +|Storage scald +||Injury to fruit surfaces by naturally occurring gases produced by the fruit +|- +|Sunburn +||Sun injury to fruit +|- +|Sunscald +||Freezing of bark following high temperatures in winter +|- +|Water core +||Sorbitol accumulation +|- +|} + +Pomological Watercolor POM00003985.jpg|'Bitter pit' +Pomological Watercolor POM00003866.jpg|'Jonathan spot' +Pomological Watercolor POM00000770.jpg|'Water core' +Pomological Watercolor POM00003903.jpg|'Spray injury' + + +==References== +{{reflist}} + +==External links== +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Apple.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{Apples}} + +[[Category:Apple tree diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Apple]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_citrus_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_citrus_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fdd9686 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_citrus_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,618 @@ +{{Short description|None}} +The following is a list of diseases in [[citrus]] plants. + +==Bacterial diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial spot +||''[[Xanthomonas euvesicatoria]]'' pv. ''citrumelo'' +|- +|Black pit (fruit) +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' +|- +|Blast +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' +|- +|[[Citrus canker]] +||''[[Xanthomonas citri]]'' pv. ''citri'' +|- +|Citrus variegated chlorosis +||''[[Xylella fastidiosa]]'' +|- +|[[Huanglongbing]] = citrus greening +||''[[Candidatus Liberibacter]] asiaticus''
+''Candidatus L. africanus'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Albinism +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Alternaria tenuis]]''
+''[[Aspergillus flavus]]'' +|- +|Alternaria brown spot +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|Alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon +||''[[Alternaria citri]]'' +|- +|Alternaria stem-end rot +||''[[Alternaria citri]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose = wither-tip +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Areolate leaf spot +|| +''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pellicularia filamentosa]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black mold rot +||''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +|| +''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+''[[Chalara elegans]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Black rot +||''[[Alternaria citri]]'' +|- +|Black spot +|| +''[[Guignardia citricarpa]]''
+''[[Phyllosticta citricarpa]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Blue mold +||''[[Penicillium italicum]]'' +|- +|Botrytis blossom and twig blight, gummosis +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Branch knot +||''[[Sphaeropsis tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|Brown rot (fruit) +|| +''[[Phytophthora citricola]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citrophthora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora hibernalis]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Charcoal root rot +||''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Citrus black spot +||''[[Guignardia citricarpa]]'' +|- +|Damping-off +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' sp.
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium rostratum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Pythium vexans]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Diplodia gummosis and stem-end rot +|| +''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia natalensis]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria rhodina]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Dothiorella gummosis and rot +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria ribis]]''
+''[[Dothiorella gregaria]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Dry root rot complex +|| +''[[Nectria haematococca]]''
+''[[Fusarium solani]]'' [anamorph]
+together with other wound-invading agents +|- +|Dry rot (fruit) +|| +''[[Ashbya gossypii]]''
+''[[Nematospora coryli]]'' +|- +|Fly speck +|| +''[[Schizothyrium pomi]]''
+''[[Zygophiala jamaicensis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Fusarium rot (fruit) +||''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Fusarium wilt +|| +''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. citri]]'' +|- +|Gray mold (fruit) +||''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Greasy spot and greasy spot rind blotch +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella citri]]''
+''[[Stenella citri-grisea]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Green mold +||''[[Penicillium digitatum]]'' +|- +|Heart rot +|| +''[[Ganoderma applanatum]]''
+''[[Ganoderma brownii]]''
+''[[Ganoderma lucidum]]''
+and other basidiomycetes +|- +|Hendersonula branch wilt +||''[[Hendersonula toruloidea]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella horii]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella lageniformis]]'' +|- +|Mal secco +|| +''[[Phoma tracheiphila]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Deuterophoma tracheiphila]]'' +|- +|Mancha foliar de los citricos +||''[[Alternaria limicola]]'' +|- +|Melanose +||''[[Diaporthe citri]]''
+''[[Phomopsis citri]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Mucor fruit rot +|| +''[[Mucor paronychia]]''
+''[[Mucor racemosus]]'' +|- +|Mushroom root rot = shoestring root rot or oak root fungus +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Clitocybe tabescens]]''
+''[[Rhizomorpha subcorticalis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Phaeoramularia leaf and fruit spot +||''[[Phaeoramularia angolensis]]'' +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot +||''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]'' +|- +|{{visible anchor|Phomopsis stem-end rot}} +|| +''[[Phomopsis citri]]''
+''[[Diaporthe citri]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phytophthora foot rot, gummosis and {{visible anchor|Phytophthora root rot|text=root rot}} +|| +''[[Phytophthora citrophthora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora hibernalis]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Pink disease +|| +''[[Erythricium salmonicolor]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium salmonicolor]]''
+''[[Necator decretus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Pink mold +||''[[Gliocladium roseum]]'' +|- +|Pleospora rot +|| +''[[Pleospora herbarum]]''
+''[[Stemphylium herbarum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Poria root rot +|| +''[[Oxyporus latemarginatus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Poria latemarginata]]'' +|- +|Post bloom fruit drop +||''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Oidium tingitaninum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Acrosporium tingitaninum]]'' +|- +|Rhizopus rot +||''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Rio Grande gummosis +|| +Possibly ''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+''[[Hendersonula toruloidea]]''
+and other unknown agents +|- +|Rootlet rot +|| +''[[Pythium rostratum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Rosellinia root rot +||''[[Rosellinia]]'' sp. +|- +|Scab +|| +''[[Elsinoë fawcettii]]''
+''[[Sphaceloma fawcettii]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Sclerotinia twig blight, fruit rot and root rot +||''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Septoria spot +||''[[Septoria citri]]'' +|- +|Sooty blotch +||''[[Gloeodes pomigena]]'' +|- +|Sour rot +|| +''[[Geotrichum citri-aurantii]]''
+''[[Galactomyces citri-aurantii]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Galactomyces candidum]]''
+''[[Galactomyces geotrichum]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Sweet orange scab +||''[[Elsinoë australis]]'' +|- +|Thread blight +|| +''[[Corticium stevensii]]''
+''[[Pellicularia koleroga]]'' +|- +|Trichoderma rot +|| +''[[Trichoderma viride]]''
+''[[Hypocrea]]'' sp. [teleomorph] +|- +|Twig blight +||''[[Rhytidhysteron rufulum]]'' +|- +|Ustulina root rot +|| +''[[Ustulina deusta]]''
+''[[Nodulisporium]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Whisker mold +|| +''[[Penicillium ulaiense]]'' +|- +|White root rot +|| +''[[Rosellinia]]'' sp.
+''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]''
+''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Rosellinia subiculata]]'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Citrus slump nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]'' +|- +|Dagger nematode +|| +''[[Xiphinema]]'' spp. +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus vulnus]]'' +|- +|Needle nematode +|| +''[[Longidorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|Sheath nematode +|| +''[[Hemicycliophora]]'' spp.
+''[[Hemicycliophora arenaria]]'' +|- +|Slow decline (citrus nematode) +|| +''[[Tylenchulus semipenetrans]]'' +|- +|Spreading decline (burrowing nematode) +|| +''[[Radopholus similis]]'' +|- +|Sting nematode +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root nematode +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Stunt nematode +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Citrus mosaic +||[[Satsuma dwarf-related virus]] +|- +|Bud union crease +||Virus for some combinations, otherwise genetic or unknown +|- +|Citrus leaf rugose +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Citrus leaf rugose virus]] (CLRV) +|- +|Citrus yellow mosaic +||genus [[Badnavirus]] +|- +|Crinkly leaf +||[[Crinkly leaf virus]] (strain of [[Citrus variegation virus]]) +|- +|Infectious variegation +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Citrus variegation virus]] (CVV) +|- +|Navel infectious mottling +||[[Satsuma dwarf-related virus]] +|- +|Psorosis +||[[Citrus psorosis virus]] (CPsV) +|- +|Satsuma dwarf +||[[Satsuma dwarf virus]] (SDV) +|- +|Tatter leaf = citrange stunt +||genus [[Capillovirus]], [[Citrus tatter leaf virus]] (probably a closely related strain of [[Apple stem grooving virus]] rather than a distinct virus +|- +|Tristeza = decline and stem pitting, seedling yellows +||genus [[Closterovirus]], [[Citrus tristeza virus]] (CTV) +|- +|Citrus Leprosis Virus type I & II +|} + +==Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]'''
+|- +|Algerian navel orange virus +||GTP +|- +|Blight = young tree decline, rough lemon decline +||GTP +|- +|Blind pocket +||GTP +|- +|Cachexia +||Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) +|- +|Chlorotic dwarf +||White-fly transmitted GTP +|- +|Citrus dwarfing +||Various viroids +|- +|Citrus vein enation (CVEV) = woody gall +||GTP (possible luteovirus) +|- +|Citrus yellow mottle +||GTP +|- +|Citrus yellow ringspot +||GTP +|- +|Concave gum +||GTP +|- +|Cristacortis +||GTP +|- +|Exocortis +||[[Citrus exocortis viroid]] (CEVd) [[Pospiviroidae]] +|- +|Fatal yellows +||GTP +|- +|Gummy bark +||GTP, possible viroid +|- +|Gum pocket and gummy pittings +||GTP, possible viroid +|- +|Impietratura +||GTP +|- +|Indian citrus ringspot +||GTP +|- +|Leaf curl +||GTP +|- +|Leathery leaf +||GTP +|- +|Leprosis +||GTP associated with Brevipalpus spp. mites +|- +|Measles +||GTP +|- +|Milam stem-pitting +||GTP +|- +|Multiple sprouting disease +||GTP +|- +|Nagami kumquat disease +||GTP +|- +|Ringspot diseases +||Various GTPs +|- +|Xyloporosis = cachexia +||Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) +|- +|Yellow vein +||GTP +|- +|Yellow vein clearing of lemon +||GTP +|- +|} + +== Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases == +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|Australian citrus dieback +||''Unknown procaryote?'' +|- +|[[Citrus stubborn disease|Stubborn]] +||''[[Spiroplasma citri]]'' (spread by leafhoppers) +|- +|Witches’ broom of lime +||[[Phytoplasma]] +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Algal disease (algal spot) +||''Cephaleuros virescens'' +|- +|Amachamiento +||Unknown +|- +|Blossom-end clearing +||Physiological +|- +|Chilling injury +||Cold temperatures +|- +|Citrus blight +||Unknown - pathogen suspected +|- +|Creasing +||Nutritional (?) +|- +|Crinkle scurf +||Genetic +|- +|Granulation +||Physiological +|- +|Lemon sieve-tube necrosis +||Unknown, but hereditary +|- +|Lime blotch = wood pocket +||Inherited chimeral agent +|- +|Membranous stain +||Cold temperatures +|- +|Mesophyll collapse +||Unknown +|- +|Oleocellosis +||Physiological +|- +|Postharvest pitting +||Physiological +|- +|Puffing +||Physiological +|- +|Rind breakdown +||Physiological +|- +|Rind staining +||Physiological +|- +|Rind stipple of grapefruit +||Environmental +|- +|Rumple of lemon fruit +||Unknown +|- +|Shell bark complex +||Unknown - (viroid?) +|- +|Sooty mold (superficial, not pathogenic) +||''Capnodium''
+''C. citricola''
+''Capnodium'' sp. +|- +|Stem-end rind breakdown +||Physiological +|- +|Stylar-end breakdown of Tahiti lime +||Physiological +|- +|Stylar-end rind breakdown +||Physiological +|- +|Stylar-end rot +||Physiological +|- +|Sunburn +||Excessive heat and light +|- +|Tangerine dieback +||Unknown +|- +|Water spot +||Physiological +|- +|Woody galls on stems +||Bruchophagus fellis (Citrus Gall Wasp) +|- +|Zebra skin +||Physiological +|- +|} + +==References== +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Citrus.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{Citrus}} + +[[Category:Citrus diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Citrus]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_potato_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_potato_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1115c0f --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_potato_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,368 @@ +{{Short description|Listicle of diseases and disorders in potatoes}} +This is a '''list of diseases and disorders''' found in '''[[potato]]es'''. + +==Bacterial diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial Diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial wilt = brown rot|| +''[[Ralstonia solanacearum]]''
+:{{=}} ''Pseudomonas solanacearum'' +|- +|align='top'|[[Blackleg (potatoes)|Blackleg]] and bacterial soft rot|| +[[Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum|''Pectobacterium carotovorum'' subsp. ''atrosepticum'']]
+:{{=}} ''Erwinia carotovora'' subsp. ''atroseptica'' +[[Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum|''P. c.'' subsp. ''carotovorum'']]
+:{{=}} ''E. c.'' subsp. +''carotovora''
+''[[Pectobacterium chrysanthemi|P. chrysanthemi]]''
+:{{=}} ''E. chrysanthemi'' +''[[Dickeya solani]]'' {{cite web + |title = Major new disease threat to potatoes + |url = http://www.farmersguardian.com/home/arable/major-new-disease-threat-to-potatoes/33800.article + |author = William Surman + |date = 19 August 2010 + |publisher = Farmers Guardian / UBM Information Ltd. + |accessdate = 26 July 2011 + |url-status = dead + |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120318022321/http://www.farmersguardian.com/home/arable/major-new-disease-threat-to-potatoes/33800.article + |archivedate = 18 March 2012 +}} +|- +|Pink eye|| ''[[Pseudomonas fluorescens]]'' +|- +|Ring rot|| +[[Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus|''Clavibacter michiganensis'' subsp. ''sepedonicus'']]
+:{{=}} ''Corynebacterium sepedonicum'' +|- +|[[Common scab]]|| +''[[Streptomyces scabiei]]''
+:{{=}} ''S. scabies'' +''[[Streptomyces acidiscabies|S. acidiscabies]]''
+''[[Streptomyces turgidiscabies|S. turgidiscabies]]'' +|- +|[[Zebra chip]] = [[Psyllid yellows]]?|| +[[Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum|''Candidatus'' Liberibacter solanacearum]] +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Black dot|| +''[[Colletotrichum coccodes]]''
+:{{=}} ''Colletotrichum atramentarium'' +|- +|Brown spot and Black pit|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+:{{=}} ''Alternaria tenuis'' +|- +|Cercospora leaf blotch|| +''[[Mycovellosiella concors]]''
+:{{=}} ''Cercospora concors'' +''[[Cercospora solani|C. solani]]''
+''[[Cercospora solani-tuberosi|C. solani-tuberosi]]'' +|- +|Charcoal rot|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+:{{=}} ''Sclerotium bataticola]'' +|- +|Choanephora blight|| +''[[Choanephora cucurbitarum]]'' +|- +|Common rust|| +''[[Puccinia pittieriana]]'' +|- +|Deforming rust|| +''[[Aecidium cantensis]]'' +|- +|Early blight || +''[[Alternaria solani]]'' +|- +|[[Fusarium dry rot]] +||''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Gibberella pulicaris]]''
+:{{=}} ''F. solani'' +Other spp. include:
+''[[Fusarium avenaceum|F. avenaceum]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum|F. oxysporum]]''
+''[[Fusarium culmorum|F. culmorum]]''
+Less common spp. include:
+''[[Fusarium acuminatum|F. acuminatum]]''
+''[[Fusarium equiseti|F. equiseti]]''
+''[[Fusarium crookwellense|F. crookwellense]]'' +|- +|[[Fusarium wilt]] +||''[[Fusarium]] spp.''
+''[[Fusarium avenaceum|F. avenaceum]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum|F. oxysporum]]''
+[[Fusarium solani f.sp. eumartii|''F. solani'' f. sp. ''eumartii'']] +|- +|Gangrene || +[[Phoma solanicola f. foveata|''Phoma solanicola'' f. ''foveata'']]
+''[[Phoma foveata|Ph. foveata]]''
+:{{=}} ''Ph. exigua var. foveata'' +:{{=}} ''Ph. e. f. sp. foveata'' +[[Phoma exigua var. exigua|''Ph. e.'' var. ''exigua'']] +|- +|Gray mold || +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+:''Botryotinia fuckeliana'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phoma leaf spot || +[[Phoma andigena var. andina|''Ph. andigena'' var. ''andina'']] +|- +|[[Powdery mildew]] || +''[[Erysiphe cichoracearum]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia canker and black scurf || +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+|- +|Rosellinia black rot|| +''[[Rosellinia]]'' sp.{{ Which | date = March 2023 }}
+:''Dematophora'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Septoria leaf spot || +[[Septoria lycopersici var. malagutii|''S. lycopersici'' var. ''malagutii'']] +|- +|Silver scurf|| +''[[Helminthosporium solani]]'' +|- +|Skin spot || +''[[Polyscytalum pustulans]]'' +|- +|Stem rot ([[southern blight]]) || +''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' +|- +|Thecaphora smut|| +''[[Angiosorus solani]]''
+:{{=}} ''Thecaphora solani'' +|- +|Ulocladium blight|| +''[[Ulocladium atrum]]'' +|- +|[[Verticillium wilt]]|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]''
+''[[Verticillium dahliae|V. dahliae]]'' +|- +|Wart|| +''[[Synchytrium endobioticum]]'' +|- +|White mold (=|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|} + +==Protistan diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Protistan diseases'''
+|- +|[[Late blight]] (oomycete)|| +''[[Phytophthora infestans]]''{{Citation|title=Potato and tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans: An overview of pathology and resistance breeding |last=Nowicki|first=Marcin|date=17 August 2011|publisher=Plant Disease, ASP|doi= 10.1094/PDIS-05-11-0458|display-authors=etal|pmid=30731850|volume=96|issue = 1|journal=[[Plant Dis]]|pages=4–17|doi-access=}} +|- +|Leak ([[oomycete]])|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium ultimum var. ultimum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium deliense]]'' +|- +|Pink rot ([[oomycete]])|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora cryptogea]]''
+''[[Phytophthora drechsleri]]''
+''[[Phytophthora erythroseptica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]'' +|- +|Powdery scab ([[Rhizaria]]) || +''[[Spongospora subterranea f.sp. subterranea]]'' +|- +|} + +==Viral and viroid diseases== +{{main|Viral diseases of potato}} +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Viral and viroid diseases'''
+|- +|Alfalfa mosaic virus||genus [[Alfamovirus]], [[Alfalfa mosaic virus|Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV)]] +|- +|Andean potato latent virus||genus [[Tymovirus]], [[Andean potato latent virus]] (APLV) +|- +|Andean potato mottle virus||genus [[Comovirus]], [[Andean potato mottle virus]] (APMV) +|- +|Arracacha virus B - Oca strain ||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Arracacha virus B]] Oca strain (AVB-O) +|- +|Beet curly top virus||genus [[Curtovirus]], [[Beet curly top virus]] (BCTV) +|- +|Cucumber mosaic virus||genus [[Cucumovirus]], [[Cucumber mosaic virus]] (CMV) +|- +|Eggplant mottle dwarf virus||genus [[Rhabdovirus]], [[Eggplant mottle dwarf virus]] (EMDV) +|- +|Potato aucuba mosaic virus||genus [[Potexvirus]], [[Potato aucuba mosaic virus]] (PAMV) +|- +|Potato black ringspot virus||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Potato black ringspot virus]] (PBRSV) +|- +|Potato deforming mosaic virus||genus [[Geminiviridae]] [[Potato deforming mosaic virus]] subgroup III, (PDMV) +|- +|Potato latent virus||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Potato latent virus]] (PLV) +|- +|Potato leafroll virus||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Potato leafroll virus]] (PLRV) +|- +|Potato mop-top virus ([[spraing]] of tubers)||genus [[Furovirus]], [[Potato mop-top virus]] (PMTV) +|- +|Potato rugose mosaic||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Potato virus Y]] (PVY, strains O, N and C) +|- +|Potato stem mottle ([[spraing]] of tubers)||genus [[Tobravirus]], [[Tobacco rattle virus]] (TRV) +|- +|Potato spindle tuber||[[Potato spindle tuber viroid]] (PSTVd) +|- +|Potato yellow dwarf virus||genus [[Nucleorhabdovirus]], [[Potato yellow dwarf virus]] (PYDV) +|- +|Potato yellow mosaic virus ||genus [[Geminiviridae]], [[Potato yellow mosaic virus]] (PYMV); subgroup III +|- +|Potato yellow vein virus||[[Potato yellow vein virus]] (PYVV) +|- +|Potato yellowing virus||genus [[Alfamovirus]], [[Potato yellowing virus]] (PYV) +|- +|Potato virus A||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Potato virus A]] (PVA) +|- +|Potato virus M||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Potato virus M]] (PVM) +|- +|Potato virus S||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Potato virus S]] (PVS) +|- +|Potato virus H||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Potato virus H]] (PVH) +|- +|Potato virus T||genus [[Trichovirus]], [[Potato virus T]] +|- +|Potato virus U||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Potato virus U]] (PVU) +|- +|Potato virus V||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Potato virus V]] (PVV) +|- +|Potato virus X||genus [[Potexvirus]], [[Potato virus X]] (PVX) +|- +|Potato virus Y||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Potato virus Y]] (PVY) +|- +|Solanum apical leaf curling virus||[[Geminiviridae]], [[Solanum apical leaf curling virus]] (SALCV) subgroup III +|- +|Sowbane mosaic virus||genus [[Sobemovirus]], [[Sowbane mosaic virus]] (SoMV) +|- +|Tobacco mosaic virus||genus [[Tobamovirus]], [[Tobacco mosaic virus]] (TMV) +|- +|Tobacco necrosis virus||genus [[Necrovirus]], [[Tobacco necrosis virus]] (TNV) +|- +|Tobacco rattle virus||genus [[Tobravirus]], [[Tobacco rattle virus]] (TRV) +|- +|Tobacco streak virus||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Tobacco streak virus]] (TSV) +|- +|Tomato black ring virus||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Tomato black ring virus]] (ToBRV) +|- +|Tomato mosaic virus||genus [[Tobamovirus]], [[Tomato mosaic virus]] (ToMV) +|- +|Tomato spotted wilt virus||genus [[Tospovirus]], [[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] (TSWV) +|- +|Tomato yellow mosaic virus||genus [[Geminiviridae]], [[Tomato yellow mosaic virus]] (ToYMV) subgroup III +|- +|Wild potato mosaic virus||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Wild potato mosaic virus]] (WPMV) +|- +|} + +==Nematode parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Nematode parasitic'''
+|- +|[[Potato cyst nematode]] +|| +''[[Globodera rostochiensis]]''
+''[[Globodera pallida]]'' +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]''
+Other species include:
+''[[Pratylenchus scribneri]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus neglectus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus thornei]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus crenatus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus andinus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus vulnus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]'' +|- +|Potato rot nematode +|| +''[[Ditylenchus destructor]]'' +|- +|Root knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp.
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne chitwoodi]]'' +|- +|Sting nematode +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root nematode +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus]] spp.''
+''[[Trichodorus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasmal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal diseases''' +|- +|Aster yellows||Aster yellows group of phytoplasmas +|- +|Witches'-broom||Witches’ broom phytoplasma +|- +|BLTVA||The beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders''' +|- +|Aerial tubers||Phytoplasma infection or anything that constricts the stem, including but not limited to Rhizoctonia canker, heat necrosis, chemical injury, mechanical injury, wind injury +|- +|Air pollution injury||Photochemical oxidants (primarily ozone), sulfur oxides +|- +|Black heart||Oxygen deficiency of internal tuber tissue +|- +|Blackspot bruise||Bruising, pressure contact +|- +|Elephant hide||Roughening of tuber skin due to physiological or environmental causes +|- +|Hollow heart||Excessively rapid tuber enlargement +|- +|Internal brown spot = heat necrosis ||Oxygen deficiency of tuber accompanying high soil temperature +|- +|Jelly end rot||Carbohydrate translocation due to second growth +|- +|Physiological leaf roll||Response to adverse environment +|- +|Psyllid yellows||Toxic saliva of the potato (tomato) psyllid, ''Paratrioza cockerelli'' +|- +|Shatter bruise ||Mechanical damage to tuber +|- +|Skinning ||Mechanical damage to tuber +|- +|Stem-end browning ||Exact cause(s) unknown, chemical injury, viruses or other pathogens. +|- +|} + +==References== + +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Potato.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +* [https://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Potato_List.htm Potato Diseases (Fact Sheets and Information Bulletins), The Cornell Plant Pathology Vegetable Disease Web Page] + +==External links== +* {{cite web|last1=Sparks|first1=Adam|last2=Kennelly|first2=Megan|title=Common Scab of Potato|url=http://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2097/21718/KSUL0009KSREEPPUBSEP148a.pdf|publisher=Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service|accessdate=2018-01-06|date=May 2008}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Potato]] +[[Category:Potato diseases|*]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_strawberry_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_strawberry_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..762b08c --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wiki-List_of_strawberry_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[strawberry]] (''Fragaria × ananassa''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Angular leaf spot +||''[[Xanthomonas fragariae]]'' +|- +|Bacterial wilt +||''[[Pseudomonas solanacearum]]'' +|- +|Cauliflower disease (complex) +||''[[Rhodococcus fascians]]'' = ''Corynebacterium fascians''
+|- +|} + +==Oomycete diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Oomycete diseases'''
+|- +|Downy mildew +||''[[Peronospora potentillae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Peronospora fragariae]]''
+|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +[[Image:Mycosphaerella fragariae.jpg|right|thumb|older stadium of ''[[Mycosphaerella fragariae]]'' on strawberry]] +[[Image:Aardbei Lambada vruchtrot Botrytis cinerea.jpg|right|thumb|''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' on strawberry]] +[[Image:Strawberry_powdery_mildew.jpg|thumbnail|Powdery mildew on strawberry]] + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria fruit rot +|| +''[[Alternaria tenuissima]]'' +|- +|Anther and pistil blight +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia fragariae]]''
+''[[Ceratobasidium]]'' sp. [teleomorph] +|- +|Anthracnose and anthracnose fruit rot and black spot{{Cite journal|last1=Dowling|first1=Madeline|last2=Peres|first2=Natalia|last3=Villani|first3=Sara|last4=Schnabel|first4=Guido|date=2020|title=Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge|url=https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE|journal=Plant Disease|language=en|volume=104|issue=9|pages=2301–2316|doi=10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE|pmid=32689886 |s2cid=219479598 |issn=0191-2917|doi-access=free}} +|| +''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Damm|first1=U.|last2=Cannon|first2=P. F.|last3=Woudenberg|first3=J. H. C.|last4=Crous|first4=P. W.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|series=complex species or species complexes?|language=en|volume=73|pages=37–113|doi=10.3114/sim0010|issn=0166-0616|pmc=3458416|pmid=23136458}} + +* ''[[Colletotrichum fioriniae|C. fioriniae]]'' +* ''C. nymphaeae'' + +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Weir|first1=B. S.|last2=Johnston|first2=P. R.|last3=Damm|first3=U.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|series=complex species or species complexes?|language=en|volume=73|pages=115–180|doi=10.3114/sim0011|issn=0166-0616|pmc=3458417|pmid=23136459}} + +* ''[[Colletotrichum fragariae|C. fragariae]]'' +* ''C. fructicola'' +* ''C. siamense'' (syn. ''C. murrayae'') + +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph] (archaic)
''[[Gloeosporium]]'' spp. (archaic) +|- +|Armillaria crown and root rot (shoestring crown and root rot) +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]''
+''[[Rhizomorpha subcorticalis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black leaf spot +||''[[Alternaria alternata f.sp. fragariae]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Colletotrichum fragariae]]'' +|- +|Black root rot (disease complex) +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia fragariae]]''
+''[[Ceratobasidium]]'' [teleomorph] sp.
+''[[Coniothyrium fuckelii]]''
+''[[Diapleella coniothyrium]]'' [teleomorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Leptosphaeria coniothyrium]]''
+''[[Hainesia lythri]]''
+''[[Discohainesia oenotherae]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Idriella lunata]]''
+''[[Pyrenochaeta]]'' sp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Cercospora leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora fragariae]]''
+''[[Cercospora vexans]]'' +|- +|Charcoal rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia phaseoli]]'' +|- +|Common leaf spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella fragariae]]''
+''[[Ramularia brunnea]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Coniothyrium diseases +|| +''[[Coniothyrium fuckelii]]''
+''[[Coniella fragariae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Coniothyrium fragariae]]'' +|- +|Dematophora crown and root rot (white root rot) +|| +''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]''
+''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Diplodina rot (leaf and stalk rot) +|| +''[[Phoma lycopersici]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodina lycopersici]]''
+''[[Didymella lycopersici]]'' [teleomorph] +|- + +|Fruit rots (in addition to those appearing elsewhere in this listing) +|| +''[[Aspergillus niger]]''
+''[[Cladosporium]]'' spp.
+''[[Mucor mucedo]]''
+''[[Mucor hiemalis]]''
+''[[Mucor hiemalis f. silvaticus]]''
+''[[Mucor piriformis]]''
+''[[Penicillium aurantiogriseum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Penicillium cyclopium]]''
+''[[Penicillium expansum]]''
+''[[Penicillium glabrum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Penicillium frequentans]]''
+''[[Penicillium purpurogenum]]'' +|- +|Byssochlamys rot +|| +''[[Byssochlamys fulva]]''
+''[[Paecilomyces fulvus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Brown cap +|| +Foliar pathogens which attack cap-drying +|- +|Fruit blotch +|| +''[[Fusarium sambucinum]]'' +''[[Gibberella pulicaris]]''[teleomorph]
+''[[Penicillium purpurogenum]]''
+''[[Peronospora potentillae]]''
+''[[Sphaeropsis malorum]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria obtusa]]'' [teleomorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora obtusa]]''
+''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Schizoparme straminea]]''
+''[[Coniella castaneicola]]'' [anamorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Pilidiella quercicola]]'' +|- +|Gray mold leaf blight and dry crown rot +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''Botryotinia fuckeliana'' (teleomorph) +|- +|Hainesia leaf spot +|| +''[[Hainesia lythri]]'' +|- +|Hard brown rot
+|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +''[[Rhizoctonia solani|Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Macrophomina phaseoli]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizoctonia bataticola]]'' +|- +|Leaf blotch +|| +''[[Gnomonia comari]]''
+''[[Zythia fragariae]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Gnomonia fragariae]]'' +|- +|Leaf rust +|| +''[[Phragmidium potentillae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Frommea obtusa]]'' +|- +|Leaf scorch +|| +''[[Diplocarpon earlianum]]''
+''[[Marssonina fragariae]]'' [anamorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Marssonina potentillae]]'' +|- +|Leather rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citricola]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citrophthora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]'' +|- +|Lilac soft rot +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' sp. +|- +|Pestalotia fruit rot +|| +''[[Pestalotia laurocerasi]]''
+''[[Pestalotia longisetula]]'' +|- +|Leaf blight +|| +''[[Phomopsis obscurans]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Dendrophoma obscurans]]''
+''[[Neopestalotiopsis clavispora]]''{{cn|date=March 2023}} +|- +|Postharvest rots +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Mucor mucedo]]''
+''[[Pichia membranifaciens]]''
+''[[Pichia subpelliculosa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Hansenula subpelliculosa]]''
+''[[Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]''
+''[[Saccharomyces kluyveri]]''
+''[[Zygosaccharomyces bailii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Saccharomyces bailii]]''
+''[[Zygotorulaspora florentina]]''
+{{=}} ''Saccharomyces florentinus'', ''Zygosaccharomyces florentinus'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Podosphaera fragariae]]''
+unknown ''[[Podosphaera]]'' (Americas) +|- +|Phytophthora crown and root rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' sp.
+''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citricola]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citrophthora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]'' +|- +! colspan=2|Other root rots +|- +|Botrytis crown rot +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Gray sterile fungus root rot +|| +''[[Phoma terrestris]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pyrenochaeta terrestris]]'' +|- +|Idriella root rot +|| +''[[Idriella lunata]]'' +|- +|Macrophomina root rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Olpidium root infection +|| +''[[Olpidium brassicae]]'' +|- +|Synchytrium root gall +|| +''[[Synchytrium fragariae]]'' +|- +|Purple leaf spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella louisianae]]'' +|- +|Red stele +|| +''[[Phytophthora fragariae]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia bud and crown rot, leaf blight, web blight, fruit rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia fragariae]]'' +|- +|Rhizopus rot (leak) +|| +''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Sclerotinia crown and fruit rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Septoria hard rot and leaf spot +|| +''[[Septoria fragariae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Septogloeum potentillae]]''
+''[[Septoria aciculosa]]''
+''[[Septoria fragariaecola]]'' +|- +|Stunt (Pythium root rot) +|| +''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium acanthicum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium dissotocum]]''
+''[[Pythium hypogynum]]''
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium middletonii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pythium proliferum]]''
+''[[Pythium myriotylum]]''
+''[[Pythium perniciosum]]''
+''[[Pythium rostratum]]''
+''[[Pythium sylvaticum]]'' +|- +|Southern blight (Sclerotium rot) +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +|- +|Stem-end rot +|| +''[[Gnomonia comari]]'' +|- +|Tan-brown rot (of fruit) +||Pilidium lythri (previously known as Pilidium concavum) +''[[Discohainesia oenotherae]]''
+''[[Hainesia lythri]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Patellina fragariae]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Verticillium wilt +|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]''
+''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Pith necrosis and crown death +||Unknown +|- +|Rapid death +||Unknown, resembles ''P. cactorum'' +|- +|Slime molds +||''[[Diachea leucopodia]]''
+''Physarum cinereum'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Bulb and stem +|| +''[[Ditylenchus dipsaci]]'' +|- +|Dagger +|| +''[[Xiphenema]]'' spp. +|- +|Dagger, American +|| +''[[Xiphenema americanum]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus pratensis]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus scribneri]]'' +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp.
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]'' +|- +|Spring dwarf (crimp) or [[foliar nematodes]] +|| +''[[Aphelenchoides fragariae]]''
+''[[Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi]]'' +|- +|Sting +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]''
+''[[Belonolaimus gracilis]]'' +|- +|Summer dwarf (crimp) +|| +''[[Aphelenchoides besseyi]]'' +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasma, Virus and virus-like diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Virus and virus-like diseases'''
+|- +! colspan=2|Aphid-transmitted +|- +|Strawberry chlorotic fleck +||Strawberry chlorotic fleck (graft-transmissible agent of unknown relationship) +|- +|Strawberry crinkle +||[[Strawberry crinkle virus]] (SCV) (cytoplasmic rhabdovirus) +|- +|Strawberry latent C virus in Fragaria +||Strawberry latent C virus (SLCV) (nuclear rhabdovirus) +|- +|Strawberry mild yellow-edge +||[[Strawberry mild yellow-edge virus]] (SMYEV) (plus an unnamed potexvirus) +|- +|Strawberry mottle +||[[Strawberry mottle virus]] (SMV) (Relationship unknown) +|- +|Strawberry pseudo mild yellow-edge +||[[Strawberry pseudo mild yellow-edge virus]] (SPMYEV) (carlavirus) +|- +|Strawberry vein banding +||[[Strawberry vein banding virus]] (SVBV) (caulimovirus) +|- +! colspan=2|Leafhopper-transmitted phytoplasma and rickettsia-like agents (vectors known or probable): +|- +|Aster yellows +||[[Aster yellows]] phytoplasma +|- +|Maladie du bord jaune +||[[phytoplasma]] +|- +|Strawberry green petal +||Strawberry green petal phytoplasma +|- +|Strawberry lethal decline +||Strawberry lethal decline phytoplasma +|- +|Strawberry multiplier plant +||Strawberry Multiplier MLO +|- +|Strawberry mycoplasma yellows disease +||Strawberry yellows phytoplasma +|- +|Strawberry rickettsia yellows disease +||Strawberry yellows rickettsia-like organism (SYRLO) +|- +|Strawberry witches'-broom +||Strawberry witches'-broom MLO +|- +! colspan=2|Nematode-transmitted +|- +|Arabis mosaic virus +||[[Arabis mosaic virus]] (ArMV) (nepovirus) +|- +|Raspberry ringspot virus +||[[Raspberry ringspot virus]] (nepovirus) +|- +|Strawberry latent ringspot virus +||[[Strawberry latent ringspot virus]] (SLRV) (nepovirus) +|- +|Tomato black ring virus +||[[Tomato black ring virus]] (TomBRV) (nepovirus) +|- +|Tomato ringspot virus +||[[Tomato ringspot virus]] (TomRSV) (nepovirus) +|- +! colspan=2|Fungus-transmitted +|- +|Tobacco necrosis virus in Fragaria vesca +||[[Tobacco necrosis virus]] (TNV) (necrovirus) +|- +! colspan=2|Pollen-transmitted +|- +|Strawberry pallidosis +||Strawberry pallidosis (graft- and pollen-transmissible agent of unknown relationship) +|- +! colspan=2|Thrips-transmitted +|- +|Strawberry necrotic shock +||Tobacco streak virus, strawberry strain (TSV-SNS) ([[Ilarvirus]]) +|- +! colspan="2" |Vectors unknown +|- +|Strawberry leafroll +||Strawberry leafroll (graft-transmissible agent(s) of unknown relationship +|- +|Strawberry feather-leaf +|Strawberry feather-leaf (graft-transmissible agent of unknown relationship +|- +! colspan="2" |Non-graft transmissible virus-like disease +|- +|Strawberry June yellows +|Genetically transmitted disorder of unknown cause +|- +|} + +==See also== +* [[List of strawberry topics]] + +==References== +{{Reflist}} +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Strawberry.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +{{fragaria}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Strawberry]] +[[Category:Strawberry diseases|*]] +[[Category:Strawberries|Diseases]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_alfalfa_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_alfalfa_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..78b7e51 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_alfalfa_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,354 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[alfalfa]] (''Medicago sativa''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial leaf spot +||''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' pv. ''alfalfae'' +|- +|Bacterial sprout rot +||''[[Erwinia chrysanthemi]]'' pv. ''chrysanthemi'' +|- +|Bacterial stem blight +||''[[Pseudomonas savastanoi]]'' pv. ''phaseolicola'' = ''P. medicaginis'' +|- +|Bacterial wilt +||''[[Clavibacter michiganensis]]'' subsp. ''insidiosus'' = ''Corynebacterium insidiosum'' +|- +|Crown gall +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|Crown and root rot complex +||''[[Pseudomonas viridiflava]]'' +|- +|Dwarf +||''[[Xylella fastidiosa]]'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Acrocalymma root and crown rot +|| +''[[Acrocalymma medicaginis]]''
+''[[Massarina walkeri]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Anthracnose +||''[[Colletotrichum trifolii]]'' +|- +|Aphanomyces root rot +||''[[Aphanomyces euteiches]]'' +|- +|Black patch +||''[[Rhizoctonia leguminicola]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +|| +''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+''[[Chalara elegans]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Blossom blight +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Brown root rot +||''[[Phoma sclerotioides]]'' {{=}} ''[[Plenodomus meliloti]]'' +|- +|Crown and root rot complex +|| +''[[Fusarium acuminatum]]''
+''[[Gibberella acuminata]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium avenaceum]]''
+''[[Gibberella avenacea]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium equiseti]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]''
+''[[Fusarium sambucinum]]''
+''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Nectria haematococca]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Phoma medicaginis]]''
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+''[[Chalara elegans]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Charcoal rot +||''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Common leaf spot +||''[[Pseudopeziza medicaginis]]'' +|- +|Corky root rot +||''[[Xylaria]]'' sp. +|- +|Crown wart +||''[[Physoderma alfalfae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Urophlyctis alfalfae]]'' +|- +|Cylindrocarpon root rot +|| +''[[Cylindrocarpon magnusianum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cylindrocarpon ehrenbergii]]''
+''[[Nectria ramulariae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Cylindrocladium root and crown rot +||''[[Cylindrocladium crotalariae]]''
+''[[Calonectria crotalariae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Damping-off +|| +''[[Fusarium acuminatum]]''
+''[[Gibberella acuminata]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Mycoleptodiscus terrestris]]''
+''[[Phytophthora medicaginis]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. medicaginis]]''
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium splendens]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Downy mildew +||''[[Peronospora trifoliorum]]'' +|- +|Fusarium wilt +||''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. medicaginis]]'' +|- +|Lepto leaf spot +||''[[Leptosphaerulina trifolii]]'' +|- +|Marasmius root rot +||''[[Marasmius]]'' sp. +|- +|Mycoleptodiscus crown and root rot +||''[[Mycoleptodiscus terrestris]]'' +|- +|Myrothecium root rot +|| +''[[Myrothecium roridum]]''
+''[[Myrothecium verrucaria]]'' +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot = cotton root rot = Texas root rot +|| +''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora root rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora medicaginis]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. medicaginis]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Erysiphe pisi]]''
+''[[Leveillula taurica]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia root rot and stem blight +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Rhizopus sprout rot +||''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Rust +|| +''[[Uromyces striatus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Uromyces medicaginis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Uromyces oblongus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Uromyces striatus var. medicaginis]]'' +|- +|Sclerotinia crown and stem rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia trifoliorum]]''
+''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Southern blight +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|[[Spring black stem]] and leaf spot +||''[[Phoma medicaginis]]'' +|- +|Stagonospora leaf spot and root rot +|| +''[[Stagonospora meliloti]]''
+''[[Phoma meliloti]]'' [synanamorph]
+''[[Leptosphaeria pratensis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Stemphylium leaf spot +|| +''[[Pleospora]]'' spp.
+''[[Stemphylium alfalfae]]''
+''[[Pleospora alfalfae]]''[teleomorph]
+''[[Stemphylium botryosum]]''
+''[[Pleospora tarda]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Stemphylium globuliferum]]''
+''[[Stemphylium herbarum]]''
+''[[Pleospora herbarum]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Stemphylium vesicarium]]'' species complex +|- +|Summer black stem and leaf spot +||''[[Cercospora medicaginis]]'' +|- +|Verticillium wilt +|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]''
+''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|Violet root rot +|| +''[[Helicobasidium brebissonii]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia crocorum]]''[anamorph] +|- +|Winter crown rot = Coprinus [[snow mold]] +||''[[Coprinus psychromorbidus]]'' +|- +|Yellow leaf blotch +|| +''[[Leptotrochila medicaginis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pyrenopeziza medicaginis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pseudopeziza jonesii]]''
+''[[Sporonema phacidioides]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Bulb and stem nematode +|| +''[[Ditylenchus dipsaci]]'' +|- +|Chrysanthemum foliar nematode +|| +''[[Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi]]'' +|- +|Cyst nematode +|| +''[[Heterodera trifolii]]'' +|- +|Dagger nematode +|| +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]'' +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus neglectus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]'' +|- +|Needle nematode +||''[[Longidorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Pin nematode +|| +''[[Paratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Paratylenchus hamatus]]'' +|- +|Reniform nematode +|| +[[Rotylenchulus reniformis|''Rotylenchulus'' spp.]] +|- +|Root-knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp.
+''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne chitwoodi]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +|Spiral nematode +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Stubby-root nematode +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Stunt nematode +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Alfalfa enation +||genus [[Rhabdovirus]], [[Alfalfa enation virus]] (AEV) +|- +|[[Alfalfa mosaic virus|Alfalfa mosaic]] +||genus [[Alfamovirus]], [[Alfalfa mosaic virus|Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV)]] +|- +|Bean leaf roll +||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Bean leaf roll virus]] (BLRV) +|- +|Bean yellow mosaic +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Bean yellow mosaic virus]] (BYMV) +|- +|Cucumber mosaic +||genus [[Cucumovirus]], [[Cucumber mosaic virus]] (CMV) +|- +|Lucerne Australian latent +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Lucerne Australian latent virus]] (LALV) +|- +|Lucerne Australian symptomless +||genus [[Comoviridae]], [[Lucerne Australian symptomless virus]] (LASV) +|- +|Lucerne transient streak +||genus [[Sobemovirus]], [[Lucerne transient streak virus]] (LTSV) +|- +|Pea streak +||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Pea streak virus]] (PSV) +|- +|Red clover vein mosaic +||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Red clover vein mosaic virus]] (RCVMV) +|- +|Tobacco streak +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Tobacco streak virus]] (TSV) +|- +|White clover mosaic +||genus [[Potexvirus]], [[White clover mosaic virus]] (WCMV) +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|Aster yellows +||Aster yellows phytoplasma +|- +|Witches'-broom +||Phytoplasma +|- +|} + +==See also== +* [[Alfalfa pests (disambiguation)|Alfalfa pests]], pests named for alfalfa + +==References== +{{reflist}} +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Alfalfa.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Alfalfa]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_apple_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_apple_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..725da19 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_apple_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,511 @@ +{{Short description|None}} +{{Refimprove|date=January 2025}} +Diseases of [[apple]]s (''Malus domestica'') include: + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +! colspan=2| '''Pseudomonadota'''
+|- +|Blister spot +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''papulans'' +|- +|[[Crown Gall|Crown gall]] +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|[[Fire blight]] +||''[[Erwinia amylovora]]'' +|- +|Hairy root +||''[[Agrobacterium rhizogenes]]'' +|- +! colspan=2| '''Mycoplasmatota'''
+|- +|[[Apple chat fruit]] +||Phytoplasma suspected +|- +|Apple decline +||Phytoplasma suspected +|- +|Apple proliferation +||Phytoplasma +|- +|Rubbery wood +||Phytoplasma suspected +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria blotch +|| +''[[Alternaria mali]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Alternaria alternata|A. alternata]]'' apple pathotype +|- +|Alternaria rot +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|American brown rot +||''[[Monilinia fructicola]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose canker and bull's-eye rot +|| +''[[Pezicula malicorticus]]''
+''[[Cryptosporiopsis curvispora]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|[[Apple scab]] +|| +''[[Venturia inaequalis]]''
+''[[Venturia inaequalis|Spilocaea pomi]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Apple ring rot and canker +||''[[Botryosphaeria berengeriana]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora]]'' +|- +|Armillaria root rot = shoestring root rot +||''[[Armillaria mellea]]'' +|- +|[[Bitter rot of apple|Bitter rot]]{{Cite journal|last1=Dowling|first1=Madeline|last2=Peres|first2=Natalia|last3=Villani|first3=Sara|last4=Schnabel|first4=Guido|date=2020|title=Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge|journal=Plant Disease|volume=104|issue=9|pages=2301–2316|doi=10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE|pmid=32689886|s2cid=219479598|issn=0191-2917|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=Martin|first1=Phillip L.|last2=Krawczyk|first2=Teresa|last3=Khodadadi|first3=Fatemeh|last4=Aćimović|first4=Srđan G.|last5=Peter|first5=Kari A.|date=2021|title=Bitter Rot of Apple in the Mid-Atlantic United States: Causal Species and Evaluation of the Impacts of Regional Weather Patterns and Cultivar Susceptibility|journal=Phytopathology|volume=111|issue=6|language=en|pages=PHYTO–09–20-043|doi=10.1094/PHYTO-09-20-0432-R|pmid=33487025|s2cid=231701083|issn=0031-949X|doi-access=free}} +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph] (archaic)
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [anamorph] + +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Weir|first1=B.S.|last2=Johnston|first2=P.R.|last3=Damm|first3=U.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|language=en|volume=73|issue=1|pages=115–180|doi=10.3114/sim0011|pmc=3458417|pmid=23136459}} + +* ''Colletotrichum fructicola'' +* ''Colletotrichum chrysophilum'' + +''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Damm|first1=U.|last2=Cannon|first2=P.F.|last3=Woudenberg|first3=J.H.C.|last4=Crous|first4=P.W.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|language=en|volume=73|issue=1|pages=37–113|doi=10.3114/sim0010|pmc=3458416|pmid=23136458}} + +* ''[[Colletotrichum fioriniae]]'' +* ''Colletotrichum nymphaeae'' +|- +|Black pox +||''[[Helminthosporium papulosum]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +|| +''[[Xylaria mali]]''
+''[[Xylaria polymorpha]]'' +|- +|Black rot, frogeye leafspot and canker +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria obtusa]]''
+''[[Sphaeropsis malorum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Blister canker = nailhead canker +|| +''[[Biscogniauxia marginata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Nummularia discreta]]'' +|- +|Blue mold +||''[[Penicillium]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium expansum]]'' +|- +|Brooks fruit spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella pomi]]''
+''[[Cylindrosporium pomi]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Brown rot blossom blight and spur infection +|| +''[[Monilinia laxa]]'' +|- +|Calyx-end rot +||''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Clitocybe root rot +|| +''[[Armillaria tabescens]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Clitocybe tabescens]]'' +|- +|Diaporthe canker* +|| +''[[Diaporthe tanakae]]''
+''[[Phomopsis tanakae]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Diplodia canker +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria stevensii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora malorum]]''
+''[[Diplodia mutila]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|European brown rot +|| +''[[Monilinia fructigena]]''
+''[[Monilia fructigena]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Monilinia laxa]]'' +|- +|Fisheye rot +|| +''[[Butlerelfia eustacei]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium centrifugum]]'' +|- +|Flyspeck +|| +''[[Schizothyrium pomi]]''
+''[[Zygophiala jamaicensis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Fruit blotch, leaf spot and twig canker +||''[[Phyllosticta solitaria]]'' +|- +|Glomerella leaf spot +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Gray mold rot = dry eye rot, blossom-end rot +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botrytis cinerea|Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Leptosphaeria canker and fruit rot +|| +''[[Diapleella coniothyrium]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Leptosphaeria coniothyrium]]''
+''[[Coniothyrium fuckelii]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Leucostoma canker and dieback +|| +''[[Leucostoma cinctum]]''
+''[[Cytospora cincta]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Valsa auerswaldii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Leucostoma auerswaldii]]''
+''[[Cytospora personata]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|[[Marssonina blotch]] +|| +''[[Diplocarpon coronariae]]'' +|- +|Moldy core and core rot +|| +''[[Alternaria]]'' spp.
+''[[Cladosporium]]'' spp.
+''[[Coniothyrium]]'' sp.
+''[[Epicoccum]]'' spp.
+''[[Pleospora herbarum]]''
+''[[Stemphylium]]'' spp.
+''[[Ulocladium]]'' spp. +|- +|Monilia leaf blight +|| +''[[Monilinia mali]]''
+''[[Monilinia|Monilia]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Monochaetia twig canker +|| +''[[Seiridium unicorne]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Monochaetia mali]]''
+''[[Lepteutypa cupressi]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Mucor rot +|| +''[[Mucor]]'' spp.
+''[[Mucor piriformis]]'' +|- +|Nectria canker +|| +''[[Nectria galligena]]''
+''[[Cylindrocarpon heteronemum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Nectria twig blight = coral spot +|| +''[[Nectria cinnabarina]]''
+''[[Tubercularia vulgaris]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Peniophora root canker +||''[[Peniophora sacrata]]'' +|- +|Perennial canker +|| +''[[Neofabraea perennans]]''
+''[[Cryptosporiopsis perennans]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Phomopsis canker, fruit decay and rough bark +|| +''[[Phomopsis mali]]''
+''[[Diaporthe perniciosa]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot = cotton root rot +|| +''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora crown, collar and root rot = sprinkler rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora cambivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora cryptogea]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora fruit rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Pink mold rot +|| +''[[Trichothecium roseum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cephalothecium roseum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +||''[[Podosphaera leucotricha]]'' +|- +|Rosellinia root rot = Dematophora root rot +|| +''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]''
+''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Rubber rot +|''[[Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis]]'' +|- +!colspan=2|Rusts +|- +|American hawthorne rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium globosum]]'' +|- +|Cedar apple rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae]]'' +|- +|Japanese apple rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium yamadae]]'' +|- +|Pacific Coast pear rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium libocedri]]'' +|- +|Quince rust +||''[[Gymnosporangium clavipes]]'' +|- +!colspan=2|... +|- +|Side rot +||''[[Phialophora malorum]]'' +|- +|Silver leaf +||''[[Chondrostereum purpureum]]'' +|- +|Sooty blotch complex +|| +''[[Peltaster fructicola]]''
+''[[Geastrumia polystigmatis]]''
+''[[Leptodontidium elatius]]''
+''[[Gloeodes pomigena]]'' +|- +|Southern blight +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Thread blight = Hypochnus leaf blight +|| +''[[Corticium stevensii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pellicularia koleroga]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Hypochnus ochroleucus]]'' +|- +|Valsa canker +|| +''[[Valsa ceratosperma]]''
+''[[Cytospora sacculus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Violet root rot +||''[[Helicobasidium mompa]]'' +|- +|White root rot +|| +''[[Scytinostroma galactinum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium galactinum]]'' +|- +|White rot +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria dothidea]]''
+''[[Fusicoccum aesculi]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|X-spot = Nigrospora spot +||''[[Nigrospora oryzae]]'' +|- +|Zonate leaf spot +|| +''[[Cristulariella moricola]]''
+''[[Grovesinia pyramidalis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Dagger nematode +|| +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]''
+''[[Xiphinema rivesi]]''
+''[[Xiphinema vuittenezi]]'' +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]'' +|- +|Pin nematode +|| +''[[Paratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Ring nematode +|| +''[[Criconemella]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Apple chlorotic leafspot +||genus [[Trichovirus]], [[Apple chlorotic leafspot virus]] (ACLSV) +|- +|Apple dwarf (Malus platycarpa) +||[[Apple stem pitting virus]] (ASPV) (? not US/CAN) +|- +|Apple flat apple +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Cherry rasp leaf virus]] (CRLV) +|- +|Apple mosaic +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Apple mosaic virus]] (ApMV)
+genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Tulare apple mosaic virus]] (TAMV) +|- +|Apple stem grooving = Apple decline of Virginia crab +||genus [[Capillovirus]], [[Apple stem grooving virus]] (ASGV) +|- +|Apple stem pitting = apple Spy 227 epinasty and decline +||[[Apple stem pitting virus]] (ASPV) +|- +|Apple union necrosis and decline +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Tomato ringspot virus]] (ToRSV) +|- +|} + +==Viroid diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viroid diseases'''
+|- +|Swollen apple +||Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) +|- +|Apple dimple fruit +||Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) +|- +|Apple fruit crinkle +||Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) (Japan) +|- +|Apple scar skin = apple dapple, apple sabi-ka, apple bumpy fruit +||Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) +|- +|} + +==Suspected viral- and viroid-like diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Suspected viral- and viroid-like diseases'''
+|- +|Dead spur +||GTP, unidentified +|- +|False sting +||GTP, virus suspected +|- +|Green crinkle +||GTP, virus suspected +|- +|Rough skin +||GTP, virus suspected +|- +|Star crack +||GTP, virus suspected +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|[[Bitter pit]] +||Localized calcium deficiency +|- +|Blossom blast +||Boron deficiency +|- +|[[Burrknot]] +||Genetically predisposed rootstock +|- +|Fruit cracking +||Genetic +|- +|Fruit russet +||Frost, sprays, etc. +|- +|Green mottle +||Unidentified +|- +|Hollow apple +||High temperature +|- +|Internal bark necrosis = measles +||Low pH and mineral nutrient imbalance +|- +|Internal browning +||Boron and calcium deficiencies, etc. +|- +|Jonathan spot +||Reduced by controlled atmosphere storage +|- +|Narrow leaf +||Genetic +|- +|Necrotic leaf blotch of ‘Golden Delicious’ +||Rapid synthesis of [[gibberellin]]s triggered by environmental factors +|- +|Spray injury +|Spray +|- +|Storage scald +||Injury to fruit surfaces by naturally occurring gases produced by the fruit +|- +|Sunburn +||Sun injury to fruit +|- +|Sunscald +||Freezing of bark following high temperatures in winter +|- +|Water core +||Sorbitol accumulation +|- +|} + +Pomological Watercolor POM00003985.jpg|'Bitter pit' +Pomological Watercolor POM00003866.jpg|'Jonathan spot' +Pomological Watercolor POM00000770.jpg|'Water core' +Pomological Watercolor POM00003903.jpg|'Spray injury' + + +==References== +{{reflist}} + +==External links== +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Apple.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{Apples}} + +[[Category:Apple tree diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Apple]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_apricot_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_apricot_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e75a7d --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_apricot_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,267 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[apricot]]s (''Prunus armeniaca''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial canker and blast +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''syringae'' +|- +|Bacterial spot +||''[[Xanthomonas pruni]]'' {{=}} ''X. arboricola'' pv. ''pruni'' = ''X. campestris'' pv. ''pruni'' +|- +|Crown gall +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria spot and fruit rot +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|Armillaria crown and root rot (shoestring crown and root rot) +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]''
+''[[Rhizomorpha subcorticalis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Brown rot blossom and twig blight and fruit rot +|| +''[[Monilinia fructicola]]''
+''[[Monilinia laxa]]'' +|- +|Ceratocystis canker +||''[[Ceratocystis fimbriata]]'' +|- +|Cytospora canker +|| +''[[Cytospora leucostoma]]''
+''[[Leucostoma persoonii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Dematophora root rot +|| +''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]''
+''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Eutypa dieback +|| +''[[Eutypa lata]]''
+''Cytosporina'' spp. [anamorph] +|- +|Green fruit rot +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +||''[[Phyllosticta circumscissa]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora crown and root rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora cambivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora cinnamomi]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citricola]]''
+''[[Phytophthora drechsleri|Phytophthora dreschsleri]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora pruning wound canker +||''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Podosphaera]]'' spp. +|- +|Replant problems +||Fungi and others (see under Miscellaneous Disorders) +|- +|Rhizopus fruit rot +|| +''[[Rhizopus arrhizus]]''
+''[[Rhizopus circinans]]''
+''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Ripe fruit rot +||''[[Aspergillus niger]]''
+''[[Cladosporium]]'' spp.
+''[[Mucor]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium expansum]]''
+''[[Penicillium italicum]]'' +|- +|Scab +||''[[Cladosporium carpophilum]]''
+''[[Venturia carpophila]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Shot hole +||''[[Wilsonomyces carpophilus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Stigmina carpophila]]'' +|- +|Silver leaf +||''[[Chondrostereum purpureum]]'' +|- +|Verticillium wilt +||''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|Wood rots (pathogenicity has not been proven for these fungi) +|| +''[[Cerrena unicolor]]''
+''[[Coprinus]]'' spp.
+''[[Coriolopsis gallica]]''
+''[[Daedaleopsis confragosa]]''
+''[[Dendrophora albobadia]]''
+''[[Dendrophora erumpens]]''
+''[[Fomes fomentarius]]''
+''[[Fomitopsis cajanderi]]''
+''[[Fomitopsis pinicola]]''
+''[[Fomitopsis rosea]]''
+''[[Ganoderma applanatum]]''
+''[[Ganoderma lucidum]]''
+''[[Gloeophyllum sepiarium]]''
+''[[Gloeophyllum trabeum]]''
+''[[Gloeoporus dichrous]]''
+''[[Grandinia granulosa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Hyphodontia aspera]]''
+''[[Heterobasidion annosum]]'' (unconfirmed)
+''[[Hyphodermella corrugata]]''
+''[[Inonotus dryophilus]]''
+''[[Irpex lacteus]]''
+''[[Laetiporus sulphureus]]''
+''[[Oxyporus corticola]]''
+''[[Oxyporus latemarginatus]]''
+''[[Oxyporus populinus]]''
+''[[Perenniporia fraxinophila]]''
+''[[Perenniporia medulla-panis]]''
+''[[Phellinus ferreus]]''
+''[[Phellinus ferruginosus]]''
+''[[Phellinus gilvus]]''
+''[[Phellinus igniarius]]''
+''[[Phellinus pomaceus]]''
+''[[Pholiota]]'' spp.
+''[[Pholiota varius]]''
+''[[Pycnoporus cinnabarinus]]''
+''[[Schizophyllum commune]]''
+''[[Stereum]]'' spp.
+''[[Trametes elegans]]''
+''[[Trametes hirsuta]]''
+''[[Trametes versicolor]]'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Dagger +|| +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]''
+''[[Xiphinema rivesi]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus vulnus]]'' +|- +|Ring +|| +''[[Criconemella xenoplax]]'' +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== + +includes uncharacterized graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP] + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Bare twig and unfruitfulness +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Strawberry latent ringspot virus]]
+genus [[Tobamovirus]], [[Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus]] +|- +|Line pattern & Necrotic ring spot +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Prunus necrotic ringspot virus]] (PNRSV) +|- +|Peach mosaic +||genus [[Trichovirus]], [[Cherry mottle leaf virus]] (CMLV) +|- +|Plum pox (= Sharka) +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Plum pox virus|Plum pox virus (PPV)]] +|- +|Prunus stem pitting +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Tomato ringspot virus]] (ToRSV) +|- +|Pseudopox +||genus [[Trichovirus]], [[Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus]] (ACLSV) +|- +|Viral gummosis +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Prune dwarf virus]] (PDV) +|- +|} + +==Graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=1| '''Graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]'''
+|- +|Asteroid spot (= Peach asteroid spot) +|- +|Cherry mottle leaf +|- +|Chlorotic leaf mottle +|- +|Deformation mosaic (associated with an isometric particle) +|- +|Moorpark mottle +|- +|Peach yellow mottle +|- +|Pucker leaf +|- +|Ring pox (= Spur cherry?) +|- +|Stone pitting +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasmal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|Chlorotic leaf roll (= Apple proliferation) +||Witches' broom +|- +|} + +== Miscellaneous diseases or disorders == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases or disorders'''
+|- +|Apricot gumboil +||Unknown etiology (nontransmissible) +|- +|Replant problems +||Bacteria, fungi, nematodes, viruses, nutrients, toxins and environmental conditions (?) +|- +|} + +==References== +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Apricot.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +[[Category:Stone fruit tree diseases|* Apricot]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Apricot]] +[[Category:Apricots|Disease]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_asparagus_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_asparagus_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7d8e330 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_asparagus_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[asparagus]] (''Asparagus officinalis''). + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum dematium]]'' +|- +|Ascochyta blight +||''[[Ascochyta asparagina]]'' +|- +|Blue mold rot +||''[[Penicillium aurantiogriseum]]'' +|- +|Cercospora blight +||''[[Cercospora asparagi]]'' +|- +|Dead stem +||''[[Fusarium culmorum]]'' +|- +|Fusarium crown and root rot +|| +''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. asparagi]]''
+''[[Fusarium redolens]]''
+''[[Gibberella fujikuroi]]'' (mating population A)
+''[[Fusarium verticillioides]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Gibberella fujikuroi]]'' (mating population D)
+''[[Fusarium proliferatum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Fusarium spear spot +|| +''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. asparagi]]''
+''[[Fusarium redolens]]'' +|- +|Gray mold shoot blight +||''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|Phomopsis blight +|| +''[[Phomopsis asparagi]]''
+''[[Phomopsis asparagicola]]''
+''[[Phomopsis javanica]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora spear and crown rot +||''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]'' +|- +|Purple spot +|| +''[[Pleospora herbarum]]''
+''[[Stemphylium vesicarium]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Rhizoctonia crown rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' sp. +|- +|Rust +||''[[Puccinia asparagi]]'' +|- +|Watery soft rot +||''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Zopfia root rot +||''[[Zopfia rhizophila]]'' +|- +|} + +==Viral and viroid diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +! colspan=2| '''Viral and viroid diseases'''
+|- +|Asparagus decline +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Asparagus 1 virus]] (AV-1)
+genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Asparagus 2 virus]] (AV-2) +|- +|Asparagus mosaic +||genus [[Potexvirus]], [[Asparagus 3 virus]] (AV-3)
+genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Tobacco streak virus]] (TSV) +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Fasciation +||Abiotic +|- +|} + +== References == +{{reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Asparagus.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +* [https://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Asparagus_list.htm Asparagus Diseases (Fact Sheets and Information Bulletins), The Cornell Plant Pathology Vegetable Disease Web Page] + +[[Category:Asparagus]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases |Asparagus]] +[[Category:Stem vegetable diseases]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_avocado_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_avocado_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b7940a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_avocado_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,262 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[avocado]]s (''Persea americana''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial canker +||'''''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]''
''' +'''''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]''''' +|- +|Blast and bacterial fruit spot +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' +|- +|Crown gall +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Anthracnose +|| +* ''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +* ''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Armillaria root rot
+Shoestring root rot +|| +* ''[[Armillaria mellea]]'' +* ''[[Rhizomorpha subcorticalis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black mildew +|| +* ''[[Asteridiella perseae]]'' +** ''[[Irene perseae]]'' +|- +|Branch canker +|| +* ''[[Botryosphaeria disrupta]]'' +* ''[[Botryosphaeria obtusa]]'' +** ''[[Physalospora obtusa]]'' +* ''[[Botryosphaeria quercuum]]'' +** ''[[Physalospora glandicola]]'' +* ''[[Botryosphaeria rhodina]]'' +** ''[[Physalospora rhodina]]'' +* ''[[Physalospora abdita]]'' +** ''[[Physalospora fusca]]'' +|- +|Butt rot +|| +* ''[[Ganoderma zonatum]]'' +** ''[[Ganoderma sulcatum]]'' +|- +|Cercospora spot (blotch) +|| +* ''[[Pseudocercospora purpurea]]'' +|- +|Clitocybe root rot +|| +* ''[[Armillaria tabescens]]'' +** ''[[Clitocybe tabescens]]'' +|- +|Collar rot +|| +* ''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Dematophora root rot +|| +* ''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' +* ''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Dieback +|| +* ''[[Diplodia cacaoicola]]'' +* ''[[Phomopsis]]'' sp. +|- +|Fruit rot (includes stem end rot & fruit spots) +|| +* ''[[Botryodiplodia]]'' spp. +* ''[[Botryosphaeria obtusa]]'' +* ''[[Botryosphaeria quercuum]]'' +* ''[[Botryosphaeria rhodina]]'' +* ''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +** ''[[Botrytis vulgaris]]'' +* ''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +* ''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +* ''[[Cylindrocladium scoparium]]'' +* ''[[Calonectria kyotensis]]'' [teleomorph] +* ''[[Dothiorella aromatica]]'' +* ''[[Dothiorella gregaria]]'' +* ''[[Fusarium decemcellulare]]'' +* ''[[Albonectria rigidiuscula]]'' [teleomorph] +* ''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]'' +** ''[[Diplodia natalensis]]'' +* ''[[Nectria pseudotrichia]]'' +* ''[[Tubercularia lateritia]]'' [anamorph] +* ''[[Pestalotia]]'' spp. +* ''[[Pestalotiopsis versicolor]]'' +* ''[[Phomopsis perseae]]'' +* ''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +* ''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +** ''[[Sclerotinia libertiana]]'' +|- +|Heart rot +|| +* ''[[Oxyporus latemarginatus]]'' +** ''[[Poria latemarginata]]'' +|- +|Leaf spots +|| +* ''[[Bipolaris sorokiniana]]'' +* ''[[Cochliobolus sativus]]'' [teleomorph] +* ''[[Pestalotia]]'' spp. +* ''[[Pestalotiopsis adusta]]'' +* ''[[Phyllachora gratissima]]'' +* ''[[Phyllosticta micropuncta]]'' +** ''[[Phyllosticta perseae]]'' +|- +|Phomopsis spot +||''[[Phomopsis]]'' spp. +|- +|Physalospora canker +|| +*''[[Physalospora perseae]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora crown rot +|| +* ''[[Phytophthora cinnamomi]]'' +* ''[[Phytophthora citricola]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora trunk canker +|| +* ''[[Phytophthora cinnamomi]]'' +* ''[[Phytophthora citricola]]'' +* ''[[Phytophthora heveae]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora root rot +|| +* ''[[Phytophthora cinnamomi]]'' +|- +|Pink rot +|| +* ''[[Trichothecium roseum]]'' +** ''[[Cephalothecium roseum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +| +* ''[[Oidium (genus)|Oidium]]'' spp. +|- +|Rhizoctonia seed and root rot +|| +* ''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +* ''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Root and bark rot +|| +* ''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Root rot +|| +* ''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Rosellinia root rot +|| +* ''[[Rosellinia bunodes]]'' +|- +|Rusty blight +|| +* ''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +** ''[[Colletotrichum nigrum]]'' +|- +|Scab (fruit & leaf) +|| +* ''[[Sphaceloma perseae]]'' +|- +|Seedling blight +|| +* ''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]'' +* ''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +* ''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Smudgy spot +|| +* ''[[Helminthosporium]]'' spp. +|- +|Sooty blotch +|| +* ''[[Akaropeltopsis]]'' sp. +|- +|Tar spot +|| +* ''[[Phyllachora gratissima]]'' +|- +|Verticillium wilt +|| +*''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|Wood rots +|| +* ''[[Fomitopsis supina]]'' +** ''[[Polyporus supinus]]'' +* ''[[Laetiporus sulphureus]]'' +** ''[[Polyporus sulphureus]]'' +* ''[[Sporotrichum versisporum]]'' [anamorph] +* ''[[Rigidoporus ulmarius]]'' +** ''[[Fomes geotropus]]'' +* ''[[Trametes hirsuta]]'' +** ''[[Polyporus hirsutus]]'' +|- +|} + +==Viruslike diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viruslike diseases'''
+|- +|Sunblotch +||[[Avocado sunblotch viroid]] +|- +|Trunk pitting +||Graft transmissible agent +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Algal spot +||Cephaleuros virescens Kunze +|- +|Blackstreak +||Unknown cause +|- +|Dieback +||Copper deficiency +|- +|Edema +||Physiological +|- +|Littleleaf rosette +||[[Zinc deficiency (plant disorder)|Zinc deficiency]] +|- +|Tipburn +||Excess mineral salts +|- +|} + +== References == +{{reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Avocado.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{Avocados}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Avocado]] +[[Category:Avocado tree diseases| List]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_banana_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_banana_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..abf4d0a --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_banana_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +#REDIRECT [[List of banana and plantain diseases]] + +{{R from synonym}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_barley_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_barley_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..85fa8c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_barley_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,346 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[barley]] (''Hordeum vulgare''). + +==Bacterial and fungal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial Diseases''' +|- +| Black chaff and bacterial streak||''Xanthomonas translucens'' pv. ''translucens'' +|- +|Bacterial kernel blight || [[Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae|''Pseudomonas syringae'' pv. ''syringae'']] +|- +|Bacterial leaf blight || [[Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae|''Pseudomonas syringae'' pv. ''syringae'']] +|- +|Bacterial stripe || ''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''striafaciens'' +|- +|Basal glume rot || ''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''atrofaciens'' +|- +|[[Bacterial blight (barley)|Bacterial blight]] || ''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' pv. ''translucens'' +|} + +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases''' +|- +|[[Minor diseases (barley)#Anthracnose|Anthracnose]] +{{Cite book +| last = Mathre +| first = D.E. +| title = Compendium of barley diseases +| publisher = American Phytopathological Society +| date = 1997 +| pages = 120 pp +}} + || +''[[Glomerella graminicola|Colletotrichum cereale Manns]]''
+|- +|[[Barley stripe (barley)|Barley stripe]]|| +''[[Pyrenophora graminea]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pyrenophora graminea|Drechslera graminea]]'' +|- +|Cephalosporium stripe || +''[[Hymenula cerealis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cephalosporium gramineum]]'' +|- +|[[Common root rot (barley)|Common root rot, crown rot and seedling blight]]|| +''[[Cochliobolus sativus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cochliobolus sativus|Bipolaris sorokiniana]]''
+''[[Fusarium culmorum]]''
+''[[Fusarium graminearum]]''
+''[[Gibberella zeae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|[[Minor diseases (barley)#Downy mildew|Downy mildew]]|| +''[[Sclerophthora rayssiae]]'' +|- +|Dwarf bunt||''[[Tilletia controversa]]'' +|- +|[[Ergot]] || +''[[Claviceps purpurea]]''
+''[[Sphacelia segetum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Eyespot|| +''[[Tapesia yallundae|Pseudocercosoporella herpotrichoides]]''
+''[[Tapesia yallundae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Halo spot|| +''[[Pseudoseptoria donacis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Selenophoma donacis]]'' +|- +|Kernel blight = black point || +''[[Alternaria]]'' spp.
+''[[Arthrinium arundinis]]''{{cite journal + |last = Martinez-Cano + |first = C. + |author2 = W.E. Grey + |author3 = D.C. Sands + |title = First report of Arthrinium arundinis causing kernel blight on barley + |journal = Plant Dis. + |volume = 76 + |page = 1077 + |date = 1992 + |url = http://www.apsnet.org/pd/PDFS/1992/PlantDisease76n10_1077.pdf + |url-status = dead + |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070929120741/http://www.apsnet.org/pd/PDFS/1992/PlantDisease76n10_1077.pdf + |archivedate = 2007-09-29 +}} +
+''[[Apiospora montagnei]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Cochliobolus sativus]]''
+''[[Fusarium]] spp.''
+|- +|[[Minor diseases (barley)#Ascochyta leaf blight|Ascochyta leaf spot]][http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ USDA ARS Fungal Database] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070820101227/http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ |date=August 20, 2007 }}|| +''[[Ascochyta hordei]]''
+''[[Ascochyta graminea]]''
+''[[Ascochyta sorghi]]''
+''[[Ascochyta tritici]]'' +|- +|[[Net blotch (barley)|Net blotch]] +|| +''[[Pyrenophora teres|Drechslera teres]]''
+''[[Pyrenophora teres]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|[[Net blotch (barley)|Net blotch (spot form)]]||''[[Drechslera teres f. maculata]]'' +|- +|[[Powdery mildew]]|| +''[[Blumeria hordei]]'' +|- +|Pythium root rot|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium arrhenomanes]]''
+''[[Pythium graminicola]]''
+''[[Pythium tardicrescens]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia root rot|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +! colspan=2 | Rusts +|- +|[[Crown rust (barley)|Crown rust]]|| +''[[Puccinia coronata var. hordei]]'' +|- +|[[Leaf rust (barley)|Leaf rust]]||''[[Puccinia hordei]]'' +|- +|[[Stem rust (barley)|Stem rust]]|| +''[[Puccinia graminis f.sp. secalis]]''
+''[[Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici]]'' +|- +|[[Stripe rust (barley)|Stripe rust = yellow rust]]|| +''[[Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei]]'' +|- +! colspan=2 | ... +|- +|Scab = head blight||''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium graminearum]]'' +|- +|[[Scald (barley)|Scald]]||''[[Rhynchosporium secalis]]'' +|- +|Septoria speckled leaf blotch|| +''[[Septoria passerinii]]''
+''[[Stagonospora avenae f.sp. triticae]]'' +|- +|Sharp eyespot|| +''[[Rhizoctonia cerealis]]''
+''[[Ceratobasidium cereale]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +! colspan=2 |Smuts +|- +|[[Covered smut (barley)|Covered smut]]||''[[Ustilago hordei]]'' +|- +|[[False loose smut (barley)|False loose smut]]|| +''[[Ustilago nigra]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Ustilago avenae]]'' +|- +|[[Loose smut (barley)|Loose smut]]|| +''[[Ustilago nuda]]''
= +''[[Ustilago tritici]]'' +|- +! colspan=2 |[[Snow mold]]s +|- +|Gray snow mold = [[Typhula blight]]|| +''[[Typhula incarnata]]''
+''[[Typhula ishikariensis]]'' +|- +|Pink snow mold = [[Fusarium patch]]|| +''[[Microdochium nivale]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fusarium nivale]]''
+''[[Monographella nivalis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Speckled snow mold||''[[Typhula idahoensis]]'' +|- +! colspan=2 | ... +|- +|Snow rot|| +''[[Pythium iwayamae]]''
+''[[Pythium okanoganense]]''
+''[[Pythium paddicum]]'' +|- +|Snow scald = Sclerotinia snow mold|| +''[[Myriosclerotinia borealis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Sclerotinia borealis]]'' +|- +|Southern blight|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|[[Spot blotch (barley)|Spot blotch]]|| +''[[Cochliobolus sativus]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus sativus|Drechslera teres]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Stagonospora blotch|| +''[[Stagonospora avenae f.sp. triticae]]''
+''[[Phaeosphaeria avenaria f.sp. triticae]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Stagonospora nodorum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Septoria nodorum]]''
+''[[Phaeosphaeria nodorum]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|[[Take-all]]|| +''[[Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici]]'' +|- +|Tan spot|| +''[[Pyrenophora tritici-repentis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pyrenophora trichostoma]]''
+''[[Drechslera tritici-repentis]]'' [anamorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium tritici-repentis]]'' +|- +|[[Minor diseases (barley)#Verticillium wilt|Verticillium wilt]]{{cite journal +| last = Mathre +| first = D.E. +| title = Occurrence of Verticillium dahliae on barley +| journal = Plant Dis. +| volume = 70 +| page = 981 +| date = 1986 +| doi = 10.1094/PD-70-981c +| issue = 10 +}}{{cite journal + |last = Mathre + |first = D.E. + |title = Pathogenicity of an isolate of Verticillium dahliae from barley + |journal = Plant Dis. + |volume = 73 + |pages = 164–167 + |date = 1989 + |url = http://www.apsnet.org/pd/PDFS/1989/PlantDisease73n02_164.PDF + |doi = 10.1094/PD-73-0164 + |issue = 2 + |url-status = dead + |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090515023524/http://www.apsnet.org/pd/PDFS/1989/PlantDisease73n02_164.pdf + |archivedate = 2009-05-15 +}}||''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|Wirrega blotch||''[[Drechslera wirreganensis]]'' +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Cereal cyst nematode || +''[[Heterodera avenae]]''
+''[[Heterodera filipjevi]]''
+''[[Heterodera latipons]]'' +|- +|Cereal root knot nematode || +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp.
+''[[Meloidogyne naasi]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne artiellia]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne chitwoodi]]''
+|- +|Root gall nematode|| +''[[Subanguina radicicola]]'' +|- +|Root lesion nematode|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Stunt nematode || +''[[Merlinius brevidens]]''
+''[[Tylenchorhynchus dubius]]''
+''[[Tylenchorhynchus maximus]]''
+|} + +==Virus, viroid and virus-like diseases== +{| class="wikitable" +! colspan=2| '''Virus, viroid and virus-like diseases'''
+|- +|African cereal streak||[[African cereal streak virus]] +|- +|Barley mild mosaic ||genus [[Bymovirus]], [[Barley mild mosaic bymovirus]] (BaMMV) +|- +|Barley mosaic ||[[Barley mosaic virus]] +|- +|Barley stripe mosaic||genus [[Hordeivirus]], [[Barley stripe mosaic virus]] (BSMV) +|- +|[[Barley yellow dwarf]]||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Barley yellow dwarf virus|Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)]] +|- +|Barley yellow streak mosaic||[[Barley yellow streak mosaic virus]] +|- +|Barley yellow stripe||virus-like agent +|- +|[[Brome mosaic virus|Brome mosaic]]||genus [[Bromovirus]], [[Brome mosaic virus|Brome mosaic virus (BMV)]] +|- +|Cereal northern mosaic = barley yellow striate mosaic||genus [[Cytorhabdovirus]], [[Northern cereal mosaic virus]] (NCMV) +|- +|Cereal tillering ||genus [[Reovirus]], [[Cereal tillering disease virus]] (CTDV) +|- +|Chloris striate mosaic||genus [[Monogeminivirus]], [[Chloris striate mosaic virus]] (CSMV) +|- +|Eastern wheat striate||[[Eastern wheat striate virus]] +|- +|Enanismo||virus like agent +|- +|Hordeum mosaic||genus [[Rymovirus]], [[Hordeum mosaic virus]] (HoMV) +|- +|Oat blue dwarf||genus [[Marafivirus]], [[Oat blue dwarf virus]](OBDV) +|- +|Oat pseudorosette||genus [[Tenuivirus]], [[Oat pseudorosette virus]] +|- +|Oat sterile dwarf||genus [[Fijivirus]], [[Oat sterile dwarf virus]] (OSDV) +|- +|Rice black-streaked dwarf||genus [[Fijivirus]], [[Rice black-streaked dwarf virus]] (RBSDV) +|- +|Rice stripe ||genus [[Tenuivirus]], [[Rice stripe virus]] (RSV) +|- +|Russian winter wheat mosaic||[[Winter wheat Russian mosaic virus]] (WWRMV) +|- +|Wheat dwarf||genus [[Monogeminivirus]], [[Wheat dwarf virus]] (WDV) +|- +|Wheat soil-borne mosaic ||genus [[Furovirus]], [[Wheat soil-borne mosaic virus]] (SBWMV) +|- +|Wheat streak mosaic||genus [[Ryemovirus]], [[Wheat streak mosaic virus]] (WSMV) +|- +|Wheat yellow leaf||genus [[Closterovirus]], [[Wheat yellow leaf virus]] (WYLV) +|} + +==Phytoplasma diseases== +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=2| '''Mycoplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|Aster yellows||Aster yellows phytoplasma +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Physiological leaf spot ||Unknown +|} + +==Sources== +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060823145450/http://www2.dpi.qld.gov.au/fieldcrops/7687.html Barley Diseases, Queensland Government, Australia] +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719035925/http://archives.eppo.org/EPPOStandards/PP2_GPP/pp2-11-e.doc EPPO Standards, Guidelines on good plant protection - Barley, Europe] +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070816195001/http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/barleypath/barleydiseases/index.htm Barley Disease Handbook, NDSU, US] +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070421002137/http://plantpathology.tamu.edu/Texlab/Grains/Barley/bartop.html Barley Disease Index, TAMU, US] +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070202085845/http://www.apsnet.org/online/common/names/barley.asp Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society, US] +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070820101227/http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ USDA ARS Fungal Database] + +==References== +{{Reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Barley.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Barley Diseases}} +[[Category:Barley diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Barley]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_carrot_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_carrot_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2caf90e --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_carrot_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,380 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This is a '''list of diseases''' of [[carrots]] (''Daucus carota'' subsp. ''sativus''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- + +|Bacterial leaf blight +||''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' +|- +|[[Bacterial soft rot]] +||''Erwinia chrysanthemi''
+''E. carotovora'' subsp. ''carotovora'' = ''Pectobacterium carotovorum'' subsp. ''carotovorum''
+''E. carotovora'' subsp. ''atroseptica'' = ''Pectobacterium carotovorum'' subsp. ''atrosepticum'' +|- +|Carrot bacterial gall +|''[[Rhizobacter]] [[Rhizobacter dauci|dauci]]'' +|- +|Carrot bacteriosis +||''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' pv. ''carotae'' +|- +|Crown gall +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|Hairy root +||''[[Agrobacterium rhizogenes]]'' +|- +|Scab +||''[[Streptomyces scabiei]]'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria leaf blight +||''[[Alternaria dauci]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +|| +''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+''[[Chalara elegans]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Black rot (black carrot root dieback) +|| +''[[Alternaria radicina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Stemphylium radicinum]]'' +|- +|Blue mold rot (blue green mold) +||''[[Penicillium expansum]]'' +|- +|Brown rot (Phoma disease) +|| +''[[Leptosphaeria libanotis]]''
+''[[Phoma rostrupii]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Buckshot rot +||''[[Typhula]]'' spp. +|- +|Canker +|| +''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|[[Fungicide use in the United States#Cavity spot|Cavity spot]] +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium violae]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Cercospora leaf spot +||''[[Cercospora carotae]]'' +|- +|Cottony rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia minor]]''
+''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Crater rot +||''[[Athelia arachnoidea]]'' ([[anamorph]] = ''Fibulorhizoctonia carotae'') +|- +|Crown rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Damping off +|| +''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Dieback of carrots +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]'' +|- +|Downy mildew +|| +''[[Plasmopara crustosa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Plasmopara nivea]]'' +|- +|Forking, brown root +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium paroecandrum]]''
+''[[Pythium sylvaticum]]'' +|- +|Fusarium dry rot +||''[[Fusarium]]'' sp. +|- +|Gray mold rot +|| +''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]''
+''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Hard rot +|| +''[[Fusarium]]'' sp.
+''[[Gliocladium roseum]]'' +|- +|Lateral root dieback +||''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Leaf rot +||''[[Typhula variabilis]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +||''[[Ramularia]]'' spp. +|- +|Licorice rot +|| +''[[Mycocentrospora acerina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Centrospora acerina]]''
+''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]''
+''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+''[[Typhula]]'' spp. +|- +|Phytophthora root rot +||''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]'' +|- +|Pink mold rot +||''[[Trichothecium roseum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Erysiphe heraclei]]''
+''[[Erysiphe polygoni]]''
+''[[Erysiphe umbelliferarum f. dauci]]'' +|- +|Pythium brown rot and forking +|| +''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium paroecandrum]]''
+''[[Pythium sulcatum]]''
+''[[Pythium sylvaticum]]'' +|- +|Pythium root dieback +||''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Rhizoctonia canker +||''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia seedling disease +||''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' spp. +|- +|Rhizopus wooly soft rot +|| +''[[Rhizopus arrhizus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizopus oryzae]]''
+''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizopus nigricans]]'' +|- +|Root canker +||''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' spp. +|- +|Root dieback +||''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Root rot +|| +''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium culmorum]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' spp.
+''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot (cotton root rot) +|| +''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]'' +|- +|Rubbery brown rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma|P. megasperma]]'' +|- +|Rubbery slate rot +|| +''[[Pythium debaryanum]]'' +|- +|Rust +|| +''[[Aecidium foeniculi]]''
+''[[Uromyces graminis]]''
+''[[Uromyces lineolatus subsp. nearcticus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Uromyces scirpi]]'' +|- +|Rusty root +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Olpidium brassicae]]'', as vector, tobacco necrosis virus +|- +|Sclerotinia rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]''
+''[[Sclerotinia minor]]'' +|- +|Seed mold +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+''[[Gibberella fujikuroi]]''
+''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Sooty rot +||''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' +|- +|Sour rot +||''[[Geotrichum candidum]]'' +|- +|Southern blight +|| +''[[Athelia rolfsii]]''
+''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Stem spot +||''[[Diaporthe arctii]]'' +|- +|Tip rot +||Numerous pathogens +|- +|Umbel blight +||''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +|- +|Violet root rot +|| +''[[Helicobasidium brebissonii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helicobasidium purpureum]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia crocorum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Watery soft rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia minor]]''
+''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]''
+''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Cyst nematode +|| +''[[Heterodera carotae]]'' +|- +| Dagger nematode +|| ''[[Xiphinema]]'' +|- +|Lance nematode +|| +''[[Hoplolaimus uniformis]]'' +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Root knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]'' +|- +|Sting nematode +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +| Stubby-root nematodes +|| ''[[Trichodorus]]'' +|- +|} + +==Virus and viroid diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| ''' diseases'''
+|- +|Alfalfa mosaic +||genus [[Alfamovirus]], [[Alfalfa mosaic virus|Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV)]] +|- +|Carrot latent +||genus [[Nucleorhabdovirus]], [[Carrot latent virus]] (CtLtV) +|- +|Carrot mottle +||genus [[Umbravirus]], [[Carrot mottle virus]] (CMoV) +|- +|Carrot red leaf +||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Carrot red leaf virus]] (CaRLV) +|- +|Carrot thin leaf +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Carrot thin leaf virus]] (CTLV) +|- +|Carrot yellow leaf +||[[Carrot yellow leaf virus]] (CYLV) +|- +|Celery mosaic +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Celery mosaic virus]] (CeMV) +|- +|Cucumber mosaic +||genus [[Cucumovirus]], [[Cucumber mosaic virus]] (CMV) +|- +|Curly top +||genus [[Hybrigeminivirus]], [[Beet curly top virus]] (BCTV) +|- +|Motley dwarf +||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Carrot red leaf virus]] (CaRLV)
+genus [[Umbravirus]], [[Carrot mottle virus]] (CMoV) +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|Aster yellows +||[[Aster yellows|Aster yellows phytoplasma]] +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Crown rot disorder +||No specific pathogen associated with this disorder +|- +|Heat canker +||High soil surface temperature +|- +|Hollow black heart +||Boron deficiency +|- +|Ozone injury +||Ozone pollution +|- +|Root scab +||Physiological +|- +|Speckled carrot +||No pathogen; genetic disorder +|- +|} + +== References == +{{reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Carrot.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +* [https://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Carrot_List.htm Carrot Diseases (Fact Sheets and Information Bulletins), The Cornell Plant Pathology Vegetable Disease Web Page] + +{{Carrots}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Carrot]] +[[Category:Carrot diseases| List]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_citrus_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_citrus_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fdd9686 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_citrus_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,618 @@ +{{Short description|None}} +The following is a list of diseases in [[citrus]] plants. + +==Bacterial diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial spot +||''[[Xanthomonas euvesicatoria]]'' pv. ''citrumelo'' +|- +|Black pit (fruit) +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' +|- +|Blast +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' +|- +|[[Citrus canker]] +||''[[Xanthomonas citri]]'' pv. ''citri'' +|- +|Citrus variegated chlorosis +||''[[Xylella fastidiosa]]'' +|- +|[[Huanglongbing]] = citrus greening +||''[[Candidatus Liberibacter]] asiaticus''
+''Candidatus L. africanus'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Albinism +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Alternaria tenuis]]''
+''[[Aspergillus flavus]]'' +|- +|Alternaria brown spot +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|Alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon +||''[[Alternaria citri]]'' +|- +|Alternaria stem-end rot +||''[[Alternaria citri]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose = wither-tip +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Areolate leaf spot +|| +''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pellicularia filamentosa]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black mold rot +||''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +|| +''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+''[[Chalara elegans]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Black rot +||''[[Alternaria citri]]'' +|- +|Black spot +|| +''[[Guignardia citricarpa]]''
+''[[Phyllosticta citricarpa]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Blue mold +||''[[Penicillium italicum]]'' +|- +|Botrytis blossom and twig blight, gummosis +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Branch knot +||''[[Sphaeropsis tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|Brown rot (fruit) +|| +''[[Phytophthora citricola]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citrophthora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora hibernalis]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Charcoal root rot +||''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Citrus black spot +||''[[Guignardia citricarpa]]'' +|- +|Damping-off +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' sp.
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium rostratum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Pythium vexans]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Diplodia gummosis and stem-end rot +|| +''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia natalensis]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria rhodina]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Dothiorella gummosis and rot +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria ribis]]''
+''[[Dothiorella gregaria]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Dry root rot complex +|| +''[[Nectria haematococca]]''
+''[[Fusarium solani]]'' [anamorph]
+together with other wound-invading agents +|- +|Dry rot (fruit) +|| +''[[Ashbya gossypii]]''
+''[[Nematospora coryli]]'' +|- +|Fly speck +|| +''[[Schizothyrium pomi]]''
+''[[Zygophiala jamaicensis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Fusarium rot (fruit) +||''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Fusarium wilt +|| +''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. citri]]'' +|- +|Gray mold (fruit) +||''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Greasy spot and greasy spot rind blotch +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella citri]]''
+''[[Stenella citri-grisea]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Green mold +||''[[Penicillium digitatum]]'' +|- +|Heart rot +|| +''[[Ganoderma applanatum]]''
+''[[Ganoderma brownii]]''
+''[[Ganoderma lucidum]]''
+and other basidiomycetes +|- +|Hendersonula branch wilt +||''[[Hendersonula toruloidea]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella horii]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella lageniformis]]'' +|- +|Mal secco +|| +''[[Phoma tracheiphila]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Deuterophoma tracheiphila]]'' +|- +|Mancha foliar de los citricos +||''[[Alternaria limicola]]'' +|- +|Melanose +||''[[Diaporthe citri]]''
+''[[Phomopsis citri]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Mucor fruit rot +|| +''[[Mucor paronychia]]''
+''[[Mucor racemosus]]'' +|- +|Mushroom root rot = shoestring root rot or oak root fungus +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Clitocybe tabescens]]''
+''[[Rhizomorpha subcorticalis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Phaeoramularia leaf and fruit spot +||''[[Phaeoramularia angolensis]]'' +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot +||''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]'' +|- +|{{visible anchor|Phomopsis stem-end rot}} +|| +''[[Phomopsis citri]]''
+''[[Diaporthe citri]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phytophthora foot rot, gummosis and {{visible anchor|Phytophthora root rot|text=root rot}} +|| +''[[Phytophthora citrophthora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora hibernalis]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora syringae]]'' +|- +|Pink disease +|| +''[[Erythricium salmonicolor]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium salmonicolor]]''
+''[[Necator decretus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Pink mold +||''[[Gliocladium roseum]]'' +|- +|Pleospora rot +|| +''[[Pleospora herbarum]]''
+''[[Stemphylium herbarum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Poria root rot +|| +''[[Oxyporus latemarginatus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Poria latemarginata]]'' +|- +|Post bloom fruit drop +||''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Oidium tingitaninum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Acrosporium tingitaninum]]'' +|- +|Rhizopus rot +||''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Rio Grande gummosis +|| +Possibly ''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+''[[Hendersonula toruloidea]]''
+and other unknown agents +|- +|Rootlet rot +|| +''[[Pythium rostratum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Rosellinia root rot +||''[[Rosellinia]]'' sp. +|- +|Scab +|| +''[[Elsinoë fawcettii]]''
+''[[Sphaceloma fawcettii]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Sclerotinia twig blight, fruit rot and root rot +||''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Septoria spot +||''[[Septoria citri]]'' +|- +|Sooty blotch +||''[[Gloeodes pomigena]]'' +|- +|Sour rot +|| +''[[Geotrichum citri-aurantii]]''
+''[[Galactomyces citri-aurantii]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Galactomyces candidum]]''
+''[[Galactomyces geotrichum]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Sweet orange scab +||''[[Elsinoë australis]]'' +|- +|Thread blight +|| +''[[Corticium stevensii]]''
+''[[Pellicularia koleroga]]'' +|- +|Trichoderma rot +|| +''[[Trichoderma viride]]''
+''[[Hypocrea]]'' sp. [teleomorph] +|- +|Twig blight +||''[[Rhytidhysteron rufulum]]'' +|- +|Ustulina root rot +|| +''[[Ustulina deusta]]''
+''[[Nodulisporium]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Whisker mold +|| +''[[Penicillium ulaiense]]'' +|- +|White root rot +|| +''[[Rosellinia]]'' sp.
+''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]''
+''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Rosellinia subiculata]]'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Citrus slump nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]'' +|- +|Dagger nematode +|| +''[[Xiphinema]]'' spp. +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus vulnus]]'' +|- +|Needle nematode +|| +''[[Longidorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|Sheath nematode +|| +''[[Hemicycliophora]]'' spp.
+''[[Hemicycliophora arenaria]]'' +|- +|Slow decline (citrus nematode) +|| +''[[Tylenchulus semipenetrans]]'' +|- +|Spreading decline (burrowing nematode) +|| +''[[Radopholus similis]]'' +|- +|Sting nematode +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root nematode +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Stunt nematode +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Citrus mosaic +||[[Satsuma dwarf-related virus]] +|- +|Bud union crease +||Virus for some combinations, otherwise genetic or unknown +|- +|Citrus leaf rugose +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Citrus leaf rugose virus]] (CLRV) +|- +|Citrus yellow mosaic +||genus [[Badnavirus]] +|- +|Crinkly leaf +||[[Crinkly leaf virus]] (strain of [[Citrus variegation virus]]) +|- +|Infectious variegation +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Citrus variegation virus]] (CVV) +|- +|Navel infectious mottling +||[[Satsuma dwarf-related virus]] +|- +|Psorosis +||[[Citrus psorosis virus]] (CPsV) +|- +|Satsuma dwarf +||[[Satsuma dwarf virus]] (SDV) +|- +|Tatter leaf = citrange stunt +||genus [[Capillovirus]], [[Citrus tatter leaf virus]] (probably a closely related strain of [[Apple stem grooving virus]] rather than a distinct virus +|- +|Tristeza = decline and stem pitting, seedling yellows +||genus [[Closterovirus]], [[Citrus tristeza virus]] (CTV) +|- +|Citrus Leprosis Virus type I & II +|} + +==Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]'''
+|- +|Algerian navel orange virus +||GTP +|- +|Blight = young tree decline, rough lemon decline +||GTP +|- +|Blind pocket +||GTP +|- +|Cachexia +||Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) +|- +|Chlorotic dwarf +||White-fly transmitted GTP +|- +|Citrus dwarfing +||Various viroids +|- +|Citrus vein enation (CVEV) = woody gall +||GTP (possible luteovirus) +|- +|Citrus yellow mottle +||GTP +|- +|Citrus yellow ringspot +||GTP +|- +|Concave gum +||GTP +|- +|Cristacortis +||GTP +|- +|Exocortis +||[[Citrus exocortis viroid]] (CEVd) [[Pospiviroidae]] +|- +|Fatal yellows +||GTP +|- +|Gummy bark +||GTP, possible viroid +|- +|Gum pocket and gummy pittings +||GTP, possible viroid +|- +|Impietratura +||GTP +|- +|Indian citrus ringspot +||GTP +|- +|Leaf curl +||GTP +|- +|Leathery leaf +||GTP +|- +|Leprosis +||GTP associated with Brevipalpus spp. mites +|- +|Measles +||GTP +|- +|Milam stem-pitting +||GTP +|- +|Multiple sprouting disease +||GTP +|- +|Nagami kumquat disease +||GTP +|- +|Ringspot diseases +||Various GTPs +|- +|Xyloporosis = cachexia +||Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) +|- +|Yellow vein +||GTP +|- +|Yellow vein clearing of lemon +||GTP +|- +|} + +== Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases == +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|Australian citrus dieback +||''Unknown procaryote?'' +|- +|[[Citrus stubborn disease|Stubborn]] +||''[[Spiroplasma citri]]'' (spread by leafhoppers) +|- +|Witches’ broom of lime +||[[Phytoplasma]] +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Algal disease (algal spot) +||''Cephaleuros virescens'' +|- +|Amachamiento +||Unknown +|- +|Blossom-end clearing +||Physiological +|- +|Chilling injury +||Cold temperatures +|- +|Citrus blight +||Unknown - pathogen suspected +|- +|Creasing +||Nutritional (?) +|- +|Crinkle scurf +||Genetic +|- +|Granulation +||Physiological +|- +|Lemon sieve-tube necrosis +||Unknown, but hereditary +|- +|Lime blotch = wood pocket +||Inherited chimeral agent +|- +|Membranous stain +||Cold temperatures +|- +|Mesophyll collapse +||Unknown +|- +|Oleocellosis +||Physiological +|- +|Postharvest pitting +||Physiological +|- +|Puffing +||Physiological +|- +|Rind breakdown +||Physiological +|- +|Rind staining +||Physiological +|- +|Rind stipple of grapefruit +||Environmental +|- +|Rumple of lemon fruit +||Unknown +|- +|Shell bark complex +||Unknown - (viroid?) +|- +|Sooty mold (superficial, not pathogenic) +||''Capnodium''
+''C. citricola''
+''Capnodium'' sp. +|- +|Stem-end rind breakdown +||Physiological +|- +|Stylar-end breakdown of Tahiti lime +||Physiological +|- +|Stylar-end rind breakdown +||Physiological +|- +|Stylar-end rot +||Physiological +|- +|Sunburn +||Excessive heat and light +|- +|Tangerine dieback +||Unknown +|- +|Water spot +||Physiological +|- +|Woody galls on stems +||Bruchophagus fellis (Citrus Gall Wasp) +|- +|Zebra skin +||Physiological +|- +|} + +==References== +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Citrus.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{Citrus}} + +[[Category:Citrus diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Citrus]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_coconut_palm_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_coconut_palm_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..917fdd3 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_coconut_palm_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,269 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +List of '''diseases''' of '''coconut palms''' (''[[Cocos nucifera]]''): + +== Bacterial diseases == +[[File:Bad coconut.JPG|thumbnail|Coconut gone bad: the dark spots are very bitter and the whole meat has turned yellow. The first indication is a bitter taste of the water; this coconut should not be consumed.]] +[[File:Coconut-InfectedTree-August2017.jpg|frameless|right|alt=A coconut with a large part of the meat missing]] + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases''' +|- +|[[Bacterial soft rot|Bacterial bud rot]] +||''[[Erwinia]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +== Fungal diseases == +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases''' +|- +|Algal leaf spot +||''[[Cephaleuros virescens]]'' +|- +|[[Canker|Anthracnose]] +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' (''Colletotrichum gloeosporioides'', [[anamorph]]) +|- +|Bitten leaf +|| +''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]'' (''Chalara paradoxa'', anamorph) +|- +|''Bipolaris'' leaf spot +||''[[Bipolaris incurvata]]'' +|- +|Black scorch +|| +''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]'' (''Chalara paradoxa'', ''Thielaviopsis paradoxa'', anamorphs) +|- +|Bud rot +|| +''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Fusarium verticillioides|F. verticillioides]]''
+''[[Graphium (fungus)|Graphium]]'' sp.
+''[[Phytophthora katsurae]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae|Ph. nicotianae]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora|Ph. palmivora]]'' +|- +|Catacauma leaf spot +||''[[Phaeochoropsis mucosa]]'' +|- +|[[Damping off]] +|| +''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Dry basal rot +|| +''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]'' (''Thielaviopsis paradoxa'', anamorph) +|- +|''Ganoderma'' [[butt rot]] +|| +''[[Ganoderma orbiforme]]''
+''[[Ganoderma tornatum|G. tornatum]]''
+''[[Ganoderma zonatum|G. zonatum]]'' +|- +|''Graphiola'' leaf spot +||''[[Graphiola phoenicis]]'' +|- +|Gray leaf blight +||''[[Pestalotiopsis palmarum]]'' +|- +|Koleroga +||''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]'' +|- +|Leaf [[blight]] +||''[[Cytospora palmarum]]'' +|- +|[[Leaf spot]]s +|| +''[[Alternaria]]'' sp.
+''[[Botryosphaeria disrupta]]''
+''[[Capitorostrum cocoes]]''
+''[[Cercospora]]'' sp.
+''[[Cochliobolus lunatus]]''
+''[[Cylindrocladium pteridis]]''
+''[[Drechslera gigantea]]''
+''[[Drechslera halodes|D. halodes]]''
+''[[Epicoccum nigrum]]''
+''[[Helminthosporium]]'' sp.
+''[[Macrophoma]]'' sp.
+''[[Macrosporium cocos]]''
+''[[Melanconium]]'' sp.
+''[[Mycosphaerella palmicola]]''
+''[[Periconiella cocoes]]''
+''[[Pseudoepicoccum cocos]]''
+''[[Phomopsis]]'' sp.
+''[[Phyllosticta palmetto]]''
+''[[Ramularia necator]]'' +|- +|Lethal bole rot +||''[[Marasmiellus cocophilus]]''{{Cite web |date=2015-10-14 |title=What Is Lethal Bole Rot: Learn About Lethal Bole Rot Disease |url=https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/coconut/bole-rot-in-coconuts.htm |access-date=2025-08-02 |website=Gardening Know How |language=en}}{{Cite journal |last1=Bock |first1=K. R. |last2=Ivory |first2=M. H. |last3=Adams |first3=B. R. |date=1970 |title=Lethal bole rot disease of coconut in East Africa |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1970.tb04624.x |journal=Annals of Applied Biology |language=en |volume=66 |issue=3 |pages=453–464 |doi=10.1111/j.1744-7348.1970.tb04624.x |issn=1744-7348|url-access=subscription }} +|- +|Lixa grande +||''[[Camarotella costaricensis]]'', ''[[Coccostromopsis palmicola]]'' +|- +|Lixa pequeña +||''[[Camarotella acrocomiae]]'' +|- +|Nut fall +|| +''[[Fusarium verticillioides]]''
+''[[Graphium (fungus)|Graphium]]'' sp.
+''[[Phytophthora katsurae]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae|Ph. nicotianae]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora|Ph. palmivora]]'' +|- +|[[Powdery mildew]] +||''[[Oidium (genus)|Oidium]]'' sp. +|- +|Queima das folhas +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria cocogena]]''
+''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]'' +|- +|[[Root rot]] +|| +''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Stem bleeding +|| +''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]'' (''Chalara paradoxa'', ''Thielaviopsis paradoxa'', anamorphs) [[Thielaviopsis]] spp.{{which|date=March 2023}} +|- +|''Stigmina'' leaf spot +||''[[Stigmina palmivora]]'' +|- +|Thread blight +|| +''[[Ceratobasidium noxium]]''
+''[[Corticium penicillatum]]''
+''[[Pellicularia filamentosa]]'' +|- +|} + +== Virus and viroid == +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''diseases''' +|- +|[[Cadang-cadang]] +||[[Coconut cadang-cadang viroid]] +|- +|Foliar decay +||[[ssDNA virus]], identity uncertain +|- +|Tinangaja +||[[Coconut tinangaja viroid]] +|- +|Natuna wilt +||Not known +|- +|Premature decline +||Not known +|- +|Soccoro wilt +||Not known +|- +|} + +== [[Phytoplasma]]l diseases == +[[Image:Coconutlethalyellowing.jpg|thumb|A coconut palm with [[lethal yellowing]]]] +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal diseases''' +|- +|Awka disease/[[Texas phoenix palm decline]] +||[[Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae|''Candidatus'' Phytoplasma palmae]] +|- +|Blast +||[[Candidatus Phytoplasma|''Candidatus'' Phytoplasma]] suspected +|- +|Cape St. Paul wilt +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' +|- +|Cedros wilt +||''[[Phytomonas]]'' sp. +|- +|[[Heart rot]] +||''Phytomonas'' sp. +|- +|Kaincope disease +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' +|- +|Kalimantan wilt +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' suspected +|- +|Kribi disease +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' +|- +|Lethal decline +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' +|- +|Lethal disease +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' +|- +|[[Lethal yellowing]] +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' +|- +|Pudricion del cogollo +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' +|- +|Root wilt disease +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' +|- +|Stem necrosis +||''Ca. Phytoplasma'' suspected +|- +|} + +== Miscellaneous diseases and disorders == +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders''' +|- +|Bristle top +||Not known +|- +|Dry bud rot +||Not known, but possibly [[Vector (epidemiology)|vectored]] by the insects ''[[Sogatella kolophon]]'' and ''[[Sogatella cubana|S. cubana]]'' (''[[Tagosodes cubana]]'') +|- +|Finschafen disease +||Not known +|- +|Frond rot +||Physiological disorder +|- +|[[Bacterial leaf scorch|Leaf scorch]] decline +||Not known +|- +|Malaysia wilt +||Not known +|- +|Red ring disease +||''[[Bursaphelenchus cocophilus]]'' ([[nematode]]) +|- +|Porroca disease +||not known +|- +|Coconut lethal crown atrophy +||Not known +|- +|} + +== Further reading == +* This review... +: {{ Cite journal | date=2016 | volume=7 | publisher=[[Frontiers Media SA]] | last1=Gurr | first1=Geoff | last2=Johnson | first2=Anne | last3=Ash | first3=Gavin | last4=Wilson | first4=Bree | last5=Ero | first5=Mark | last6=Pilotti | first6=Carmel | last7=Dewhurst | first7=Charles | last8=You | first8=Minsheng | journal=[[Frontiers in Plant Science]] | issn=1664-462X | s2cid=3187070 | pmid=27833616 | pmc=5080360 | doi=10.3389/fpls.2016.01521 | title=Coconut Lethal Yellowing Diseases: A Phytoplasma Threat to Palms of Global Economic and Social Significance | page=1521 | bibcode=2016FrPS....7.1521G | doi-access=free }} + +: ...cites this study: + +: {{ Cite journal | year=2010 | issue=5 | volume=94 | pages=636 | publisher=[[American Phytopathological Society]] (APS) | last1=Manimekalai | first1=R. | last2=Soumya | first2=V. | last3=Sathish | first3=R. | last4=Selvarajan | first4=R. | last5=Reddy | first5=K. | last6=Thomas | first6=G. | last7=Sasikala | first7=M. | last8=Rajeev | first8=G. | last9=Baranwal | first9=V. | issn=0191-2917 | journal=[[Plant Disease (journal)|Plant Disease]] | s2cid=73430885 | pmid=30754440 | doi=10.1094/pdis-94-5-0636b | title=Molecular Detection of 16SrXI Group Phytoplasma Associated with Root (Wilt) Disease of Coconut (''Cocos nucifera'') in India | bibcode=2010PlDis..94..636M }} + +== References == +{{Reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/CoconutPalm.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{coconut}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Coconut palm]] +[[Category:Coconut palm diseases]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_coffee_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_coffee_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..be85847 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_coffee_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,153 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +{{nofootnotes|date=July 2014}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[coffee]] (''Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora''). + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases''' +|- +|Anthracnose +||''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph] + +''[[Colletotrichum kahawae]]'' +|- +|Armillaria root rot +||''[[Armillaria mellea]]'' +|- +|Algal (red) leaf spot +||''[[Cephaleuros virescens]]'' +|- +|Bark disease +||''[[Fusarium stilboides]]''
+''[[Gibberella stilboides]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Berry blotch +||''[[Cercospora coffeicola]]'' +|- +|Black (Rosellinia) root rot +||''[[Rosellinia]]'' spp. +|- +|Black (seedling) root rot +||''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Brown blight +||''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]''
+''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Colletotrichum kahawae]]'' +|- +|Brown eye spot +||''[[Cercospora coffeicola]]'' +|- +|Brown leaf spot +||''[[Phoma costaricensis]]'' +|- +|Canker +||''[[Ceratocystis fimbriata]]'' +''[[Phomopsis coffeae]]'' +|- +|Collar rot +||''[[Fusarium stilboides]]''
+''[[Gibberella stilboides]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Coffee berry disease +||''[[Colletotrichum kahawae]]'' +|- +|Die-back +||''[[Ascochyta tarda]]'' +|- +|Dry root rot +||''[[Fusarium solani]]'' +|- +|Leaf blight +||''[[Ascochyta tarda]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +||''[[Phyllosticta coffeicola]]'' +|- +|Pink disease +||''[[Phanerochaete salmonicolor]]'' +|- +|Red blister disease (robusta coffee) +||''[[Cercospora coffeicola]]'' +|- +|Red root rot +||''[[Ganoderma philippii]]'' +|- +|Rust (orange or leaf rust) +||''[[Hemileia vastatrix]]'' +|- +|Rust (powdery or grey rust) +||''[[Hemileia coffeicola]]'' +|- +|South America leaf spot +|| +''[[Mycena citricolor]]''
+''[[Omphalia flavida]]''
+''[[Stilbum flavidum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Thread blight +||''[[Corticium koleroga]]'' +|- +|Tip blast +||''[[Phoma costaricensis]]'' +|- +|Tracheomycosis (Wilt) +|| +''[[Gibberella xylarioides]]''
+''[[Fusarium xylarioides]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Wilt +|| +''[[Ceratocystis fimbriata]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. coffea]]'' +|- +|Warty berry +||''[[Botrytis cinerea var. coffeae]]'' +|} + +==Insect pests== +* [[Antestia]]: shield bugs +* ''[[Hypothenemus hampei]]'': the coffee berry borer + +==Nematodes, parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic''' +|- +|Root knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases''' +|- +||Coffee Ringspot Virus (CoRSV) +|Virus [[Dichorhavirus]] +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== +* [[Leaf miners]] (moths) - [[Leucoptera caffeina]], Leucoptera coffeella +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders''' +|- +|Hot and cold disease +||Physiologic effect of exposure to extremes of temperature – common at high altitudes + +|- +|Physiological effect of overbearing +||Often exacerbated by rust +|- +|} + +==References== +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150627081459/https://www.plantvillage.com/en/topics/coffee/infos/diseases_and_pests_description_uses_propagation Extensive details and images, including on coffee rust epidemic, also in French, Spanish and Portuguese] +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Coffee.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120207121850/http://www.ismpminet.org/Resources/common/names/coffee.asp Common Names of Plant Diseases, International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions]{{Registration required}} + +[[Category:Coffee diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Coffee]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_cucurbit_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_cucurbit_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..173fd70 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_cucurbit_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,312 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +{{Refimprove|date = January 2014}} + +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[cucurbits]] (''Citrullus'' spp., ''Cucumis'' spp., ''Cucurbita'' spp., and others). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases''' +|- +|Angular leaf spot +||''[[Pseudomonas amygdali]]'' pv. ''lachrymans'' +|- +|Bacterial fruit blotch/seedling blight +||''[[Acidovorax avenae]]'' subsp. ''citrulli'' = ''Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes'' subsp. ''citrulli'' +|- +|Bacterial leaf spot +||''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' pv. ''cucurbitae'' +|- +|Bacterial rind necrosis +||''[[Erwinia]]'' spp. +|- +|[[Bacterial soft rot]] +||''Erwinia carotovora'' subsp. ''carotovora'' +|- +|Bacterial wilt +||''Erwinia tracheiphila'' +|- +|Brown spot +||''Erwinia ananas'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases''' +|- +|Alternaria leaf blight +||''[[Alternaria cucumerina]]'' +|- +|Alternaria leaf spot +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata f.sp. cucurbitae]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose (stem, leaf and fruit) +|| +''[[Colletotrichum orbiculare]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Colletotrichum lagenarium]]''
+''[[Glomerella lagenarium]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Belly rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Black root rot +||''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]'' +|- +|Blue mold rot +|| +''[[Penicillium]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium digitatum]]'' +|- +|Cephalosporium root and hypocotyl rot, stem streak and dieback +|| +''[[Acremonium]]'' spp.
+{{=}} ''[[Cephalosporium]]'' spp. +|- +|Cercospora leaf spot +||''[[Cercospora citrullina]]'' +|- +|Charcoal rot
+Vine decline and fruit rot +||''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Choanephora fruit rot +||''[[Choanephora cucurbitarum]]'' +|- +|Collapse of melon +|| +''[[Monosporascus eutypoides]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Bitrimonospora indica]]'' +|- +|Corynespora blight/target spot +||''[[Corynespora cassiicola]]'' +|- +|Crater rot (fruit) +||''[[Myrothecium roridum]]'' +|- +|Crown and foot rot +|| +''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Haematonectria haematococca]]''
+''[[Nectria haematococca]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Damping-off +|| +''[[Acremonium]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium equiseti]]''
+''[[Gibberella intricans]]''[teleomorph]
+''[[Phytophthora]]'' sp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+Other fungi +|- +|Downy mildew +||''[[Pseudoperonospora cubensis]]'' +|- +|Fusarium fruit rot +|| +''[[Fusarium equiseti]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fusarium roseum f. gibbosum]]''
+''[[Fusarium graminearum]]''
+''[[Gibberella zeae]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium semitectum]]''
+''[[Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae]]''
+''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Fusarium wilt +|| +''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]''
+(with these formae speciales:)
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. benincasae]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lagenariae]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. luffae]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. momordicae]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum]]'' +|- +|Gray mold +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|[[Gummy stem blight]] (vine decline) +|| +''[[Didymella bryoniae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Mycosphaerella melonis]]''
+''[[Phoma cucurbitacearum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Lasiodiplodia vine decline/fruit rot +|| +''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia natalensis]]'' +|- +|Monosporascus root rot/Myrothecium canker (black canker) +|| +''[[Monosporascus cannonballus]]''
+''[[Myrothecium roridum]]'' +|- +|Net spot +||''[[Leandria momordicae]]'' +|- +|Phoma blight +|| +''[[Phoma exigua var. exigua]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Ascochyta phaseolorum]]'' +|- +|Purple stem +|| +''[[Diaporthe melonis]]''
+''[[Phomopsis cucurbitae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phomopsis black stem +||''[[Phomopsis sclerotioides]]'' +|- +|Phyllosticta leaf spot +||''[[Phyllosticta cucurbitacearum]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora root rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora capsici]]'' +|- +|Pink mold rot +||''[[Trichothecium roseum]]'' +|- +|Plectosporium blight +||''[[Plectosporium tabacinum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Podosphaera xanthii]]'' complex +''[[Golovinomyces tabaci]]'' +|- +|Pythium fruit rot (cottony leak) +||''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Rhizopus soft rot (fruit) +|| +''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizopus nigricans]]'' +|- +|Scab/gummosis +||''[[Cladosporium cucumerinum]]'' +|- +|Sclerotinia stem rot +||''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Septoria leaf blight +||''[[Septoria cucurbitacearum]]'' +|- +|Southern blight (Sclerotium fruit and stem rot) +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Sudden wilt +||''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]'' +|- +|Ulocladium leaf spot +||''[[Ulocladium consortiale]]'' +|- +|Verticillium wilt +|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]'' +''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|Web blight +||''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders''' +|- +|Air pollution injury +||Ozone, sulfur dioxide and others +|- +|Bitter fruit +||Sunburn injury, physiologic stress +|- +|Blossom end rot +||Physiological disorder, calcium deficiency, moisture imbalance +|- +|Bottle neck of fruit +||Incomplete pollination +|- +|Measles +||Physiological disorder, salt toxicity +|- +|Sandburn +||Physiological disorder +|- +|Sunscald (fruit) +||Excessive or intense direct heat/ solar injury +|- +|Windburn +||Physiological disorder +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic''' +|- +|Dagger, American +|| +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Pin +|| +''[[Paratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Reniform +|| +''[[Rotylenchulus reniformis]]'' +|- +|Ring +|| +''[[Circonemella]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|Spiral +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Sting +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus minor]]'' +|- +|Stunt +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus claytoni]]'' +|- +|} + +==References== +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Cucurbits.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +* [https://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/DiagnosticKeys/CucKey.html Cucurbit Diagnostic Key, The Cornell Plant Pathology Vegetable Disease Web Page] +* [https://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Cucurbit_List.htm Cucurbit Diseases (Fact Sheets and Information Bulletins), The Cornell Plant Pathology Vegetable Disease Web Page] +* [http://www.ncsu.edu/project/cucurbitkeys/opening_page.htm Lucid Key to Diagnosing Postharvest Diseases of Cantaloupe] + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Cucurbit]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_grape_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_grape_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c7f89cf --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_grape_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ +{{Short description|None}} + +[[File:Phylloxera cartoon.png|right|thumb|A cartoon from ''[[Punch (magazine)|Punch]]'' from 1890: ''The [[phylloxera]], a true gourmet, finds out the best vineyards and attaches itself to the best wines. ''[[Punch (magazine)|''Punch magazine'']], 6 Sep. 1890.]] +This is a '''list of diseases of [[grape]]s''' (''Vitis'' spp.). + +==Bacterial diseases== +[[Image:Homalodisca vitripennis 1355010.jpg|right|150px|thumb|[[Glassy-winged sharpshooter]], the primary carrier of PD]] +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Happy Disease (bacterial necrosis) +||''[[Xylophilus ampelinus]]'' = ''Xanthomonas ampelina'' +|- +|Crown gall +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|Pierce's Disease (PD) +||''[[Xylella fastidiosa]]'' +|- +|Bacterial inflorescence rot {{cite web|last1=Wecket|first1=Melanie|title=Bacterial rot of grapevine caused by Pseudomonas syringae.|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCmOBuedd1U |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211214/mCmOBuedd1U |archive-date=2021-12-14 |url-status=live|website=NSW DPI Agriculture|date=15 November 2016 |publisher=National Wine and Grape Industry Centre|access-date=13 October 2017}}{{cbignore}} +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +[[Image:Grapeanthracnose.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Bird's eye (''Anthracnose'') rot|alt=The effects of Bird's eye (or ''Anthracnose'') rot]] +[[Image:Botrytis riesling.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Botrytis or "Noble rot"]] +[[Image:Plasmopara viticola 000.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Downy mildew|alt=The effects of downy mildew on a grape leaf]] +[[Image:UncinulaNecatorOnGrapes.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Powdery mildew|alt=Powdery mildew on grapes]] +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria rot +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|Angular leaf scorch +|| +''[[Pseudopezicula tetraspora]]''
+''[[Phialophora]]''-type (anamorph) +|- +|Angular leaf spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella angulata]]''
+''[[Cercospora brachypus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Anthracnose and bird's-eye rot +|| +''[[Elsinoë ampelina]]''
+''Sphaceloma ampelinum'' [anamorph] +|- +|Armillaria root rot (shoestring root rot) +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]''
+''[[Rhizomorpha subcorticalis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Aspergillus rot +||''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' +|- +|Black rot of grapes +||''[[Guignardia bidwellii]]'' +|- +|Botrytis (Grey Rot or Noble Rot) +||''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Bot canker +||''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria rhodina]]'' (anamorph) +|- +|Ripe rot{{Cite journal|last1=Dowling|first1=Madeline|last2=Peres|first2=Natalia|last3=Villani|first3=Sara|last4=Schnabel|first4=Guido|date=2020|title=Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge|journal=Plant Disease|language=en|volume=104|issue=9|pages=2301–2316|doi=10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE|pmid=32689886 |s2cid=219479598 |issn=0191-2917|doi-access=free|bibcode=2020PlDis.104.2301D }} +|''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Damm|first1=U.|last2=Cannon|first2=P. F.|last3=Woudenberg|first3=J. H. C.|last4=Crous|first4=P. W.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|series=complex species or species complexes?|language=en|volume=73|issue=1 |pages=37–113|doi=10.3114/sim0010|issn=0166-0616|pmc=3458416|pmid=23136458}} + +* ''[[Colletotrichum fioriniae|C. fioriniae]]''{{Cite journal|last1=Kepner|first1=Cody|last2=Swett|first2=Cassandra L.|date=2018|title=Previously unrecognized diversity within fungal fruit rot pathosystems on Vitis vinifera and hybrid white wine grapes in Mid-Atlantic vineyards|url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13313-017-0538-4|journal=Australasian Plant Pathology|language=en|volume=47|issue=2|pages=181–188|doi=10.1007/s13313-017-0538-4|bibcode=2018AuPP...47..181K |s2cid=4435220 |issn=0815-3191|url-access=subscription}} +* ''C. godetiae'' +* ''C. citri'' +* ''C. nymphaeae'' + +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Weir|first1=B. S.|last2=Johnston|first2=P. R.|last3=Damm|first3=U.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|series=complex species or species complexes?|language=en|volume=73|issue=1 |pages=115–180|doi=10.3114/sim0011|issn=0166-0616|pmc=3458417|pmid=23136459}} + +* ''C. viniferum'' +* ''C. gloeosporioides'' sensu stricto +* ''C. fructicola'' +* ''C. siamense'' +* ''C. hebeiense'' +* ''C. aenigma'' +* ''C. clidemiae'' +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Berry rot +||Yeasts +|- +|Black measles +||Presumably toxins from wood-rotting fungi; see [[Wood-decay fungus|Wood rot]] (decay) +|- +|[[Chlorosis]] +||Iron deficiency +|- +|Esca ([[Apoplexy]]) +||Presumably toxins from wood-rotting fungi; see [[Wood-decay fungus|Wood rot]] (decay) +|- +|[[Fasciation]] +||Genetic disorder +|- +|Little leaf +||[[Zinc deficiency (plant disorder)|Zinc deficiency]] +|- +|Oxidant stipple +||[[Ozone]] +|- +|Rupestris speckle +||Physiological disorder +|- +|Stem necrosis (water berry, grape peduncle necrosis) +||Physiological disorder +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Citrus +|| +''[[Tylenchulus semipenetrans]]'' +|- +|Dagger, American +|| +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]'' +|- +|Dagger +|| +''[[Xiphinema]]'' spp.
+''[[Xiphinema index]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus vulnus]]'' +|- +|Needle +|| +''[[Longidorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Pin +|| +''[[Paratylenchus hamatus]]'' +|- +|Reniform +|| +''[[Rotylenchulus]]'' spp. +|- +|Ring +|| +''[[Mesocriconema xenoplax]]'' +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Northern root-knot nematode|Meloidogyne hapla]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +|Spiral +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Stubby-root +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus minor]]'' +|- +|Stunt +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasma, virus and viruslike diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Virus and viruslike diseases'''
+|- +|Alfalfa mosaic +||[[Alfalfa mosaic virus]] +|- +|Arabis mosaic +||[[Arabis mosaic virus]] +|- +|Artichoke Italian latent +||[[Artichoke Italian latent virus]] +|- +|Asteroid mosaic +||Undetermined, viruslike +|- +|Bois noir/black wood disease +||''[[Candidatus Phytoplasma solani]]'' +|- +|Bratislava mosaic +||[[Bratislava mosaic virus]] +|- +|Broad bean wilt +||[[Broad bean wilt virus]] +|- +|Corky bark +||[[Grapevine virus B]] +|- +|Enation +||Undetermined, viruslike +|- +|Fanleaf degeneration (infectious degeneration and decline) +||[[Grapevine fanleaf virus]] +|- +|[[Flavescence dorée]] +||MLO +|- +|Fleck (Marbrure) +||Undetermined, viruslike +|- +|Grapevine Bulgarian latent +||[[Grapevine Bulgarian latent virus]] +|- +|Grapevine chrome mosaic +||[[Grapevine chrome mosaic virus]] +|- +|[[Grapevine red blotch]] +||[[Grapevine red blotch-associated virus]] +|- +|[[Grapevine yellows]] +||phytoplasma +|- +|Leafroll +||[[Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses]] (Closteroviridae) +|- +|Peach rosette mosaic virus decline +||[[Peach rosette mosaic virus]] +|- +|Petunia asteroid mosaic +||[[Petunia asteroid mosaic virus]] +|- +|Raspberry ringspot +||[[Raspberry ringspot virus]] +|- +|Rupestris stem pitting +||Undetermined, viruslike +|- +|Shoot necrosis +||Undetermined, viruslike +|- +|Sowbane mosaic +||[[Sowbane mosaic virus]] +|- +|Strawberry latent ringspot +||[[Strawberry latent ringspot virus]] +|- +|Tobacco mosaic +||[[Tobacco mosaic virus]] +|- +|Tobacco necrosis +||[[Tobacco necrosis virus]] +|- +|Tobacco ringspot virus decline +||[[Tobacco ringspot virus]] +|- +|Tomato black ring +||[[Tomato black ring virus]] +|- +|Tomato ringspot virus decline +||[[Tomato ringspot virus]] +|- +|Vein mosaic +||Undetermined, viruslike +|- +|Yellow speckle +||Viroid +|- +|} + +==See also== +*''[[Ampeloglypter ater]]'' +*''[[Ampeloglypter sesostris]]'' +*''[[Ampelomyia viticola]]'' +*''[[Eupoecilia ambiguella]]'' +*[[Great French Wine Blight]] +*[[Japanese beetle]] +*''[[Maconellicoccus hirsutus]]'' +*''[[Otiorhynchus cribricollis]]'' +*''[[Paralobesia viteana]]'' +*''[[Pseudococcus maritimus]]'' +*''[[Pseudococcus viburni]]'' +*''[[Zenophassus]]'' + +==References== +{{Reflist}} + +==External links== +* [http://www.extension.org/pages/54498/grapes-production-vineyard-ipm#Diseases Diseases of Grapevines] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606084936/http://www.extension.org/pages/54498/grapes-production-vineyard-ipm#Diseases |date=2011-06-06 }}, information from Cooperative Extension +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Grape.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100714134421/http://www.safecrop.org/english/output/proceedings.html SAFECROP - Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Grapevine Downy and Powdery Mildew] +* [https://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160523145652/http://winegrapes.wsu.edu/virology/ virus diseases of the grapevine] + +{{Viticulture}} + +[[Category:Grape diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Grape]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_lettuce_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_lettuce_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a558384 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_lettuce_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[lettuce]] (''Lactuca sativa''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial leaf spot and head rot +||''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' pv. ''vitians'' +|- +|[[Bacterial soft rot]] +||''Erwinia carotovora''
+''[[Pseudomonas marginalis]]'' +|- +|Corky root +||''Rhizomonas'' spp.
+''R. suberifaciens'' +|- +|Varnish spot +||''[[Pseudomonas cichorii]]'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria leaf spot +|| +''[[Alternaria sonchi]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Microdochium panattonianum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Marssonina panattoniana]]'' +|- +|Bottom rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Cercospora leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora longissima]]'' +|- +|Damping-off, Pythium +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Damping-off, Rhizoctonia +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Downy mildew +|| +''[[Bremia lactucae]]''
+''[[Plasmopara lactucae-radicis]]'' +|- +|Drop (Sclerotinia rot) +|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]''
+''[[Sclerotinia minor]]'' +|- +|Gray mold +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot (cotton root rot) +|| +''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Erysiphe cichoracearum]]'' +|- +|Rust +|| +''[[Puccinia dioicae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Puccinia extensicola var. hieraciata]]'' +|- +|Septoria leaf spot +|| +''[[Septoria lactucae]]'' +|- +|Southern blight +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Stemphylium leaf spot +|| +''[[Stemphylium botryosum]]''
+''[[Pleospora tarda]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Wilt and leaf blight +|| +''[[Pythium tracheiphilum]]'' +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Brown stain +||Physiological, excess CO2 +|- +|Russet spotting +||Physiological, excess ethylene +|- +|Tipburn +||Physiological, Ca** deficiency and high temperature +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|False root knot +|| +''[[Nacobbus aberrans]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Needle +|| +''[[Longidorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|Spiral +|| +''[[Rotylenchus robustus]]'' +|- +|Stunt +|| +''[[Melinius brevidens]]''
+''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasma, Viral and viroid diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral and viroid diseases'''
+|- +|Big vein +||[[Lettuce big-vein disease|Lettuce big vein virus]] +|- +|Calico +||[[Alfalfa mosaic virus]]
+[[Tobacco ringspot virus]] +|- +|Lettuce dieback{{cite web | url=http://www2.ipm.ucanr.edu/agriculture/lettuce/lettuce-dieback/ | title=Lettuce Dieback | website=[[University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources]]}} +|''{{visible anchor|Lettuce necrotic stunt virus}}'' +|- +|Internal rib necrosis
+||[[Lettuce mosaic virus]] +|- +|Mosaic +||[[Lettuce mosaic virus]]
+[[Bidens mosaic virus]]
+[[Cucumber mosaic virus]]
+[[Turnip mosaic virus]] +|- +|Necrotic yellows +||[[Lettuce necrotic yellows virus]] +|- +|Ring necrosis +||Presumed viral agent (not identified) +|- +|Rusty brown discoloration +||Accentuated by [[lettuce mosaic virus]] +|- +|Speckles +||[[Lettuce speckles virus]] and [[beet western yellows virus]] +|- +|Stunt +||[[Beet yellow stunt virus]] +|- +|Virescence +||[[Aster yellows]] [[phytoplasma]]
+Beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence phytoplasma +|- +|Wilt +||[[Broadbean wilt virus]]
+[[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] +|- +|Yellow spot +||[[Tobacco rattle virus]] +|- +|Yellows +||[[Beet western yellows virus]] +|- +|Other +||[[Sowthistle yellow vein virus]] +|- +|} + +==References== +*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070202090425/http://www.apsnet.org/online/common/names/lettuce.asp Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +{{reflist}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Lettuce]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_maize_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_maize_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..de494ed --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_maize_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,650 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +== Bacterial diseases == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial leaf blight and stalk rot|| +''[[Pseudomonas avenae]]'' subsp. ''avenae'' +|- +|Bacterial leaf spot|| +''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' pv. ''holcicola'' +|- +|Bacterial leaf streak of corn|| +''[[Xanthomonas vasicola]] pv. vasculorum'' +|- +|Bacterial stalk rot||''Enterobacter dissolvens'' = ''Erwinia dissolvens'' +|- +|Bacterial stalk and top rot|| +''[[Erwinia carotovora]]'' subsp. ''carotovora''
+''[[Erwinia chrysanthemi]]'' pv. ''zeae'' +|- +|Bacterial stripe|| +''[[Pseudomonas andropogonis]]'' +|- +|Chocolate spot|| +''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''coronafaciens'' +|- +|Goss's bacterial wilt and blight (leaf freckles and wilt){{cite web | title=Goss's Wilt of Corn | website=[[Crop Protection Network]] | url=http://cropprotectionnetwork.org/resources/articles/diseases/gosss-wilt-of-corn | access-date=2021-07-15}}|| +[[Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis|''Clavibacter michiganensis'' subsp. ''nebraskensis'']]{{cite journal | last1=Eichenlaub | first1=Rudolf | last2=Gartemann | first2=Karl-Heinz | title=The ''Clavibacter michiganensis'' Subspecies: Molecular Investigation of Gram-Positive Bacterial Plant Pathogens | journal=[[Annual Review of Phytopathology]] | publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] | volume=49 | issue=1 | date=2011-09-08 | issn=0066-4286 | doi=10.1146/annurev-phyto-072910-095258 | pages=445–464 | s2cid=207707582 | pmid=21438679}} +{{=}} ''Corynebacterium michiganense'' pv. ''nebraskense'' +|- +|Holcus spot|| +''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''syringae van Hall'' +|- +|Purple leaf sheath|| +''Hemiparasitic bacteria'' +|- +|Seed rot-seedling blight|| +''[[Bacillus subtilis]]'' +|- +|[[Stewart's wilt|Stewart's disease (bacterial wilt)]]|| +''Erwinia stewartii'' +|- +|Corn stunt (achapparramiento, maize stunt, Mesa Central or Rio Grande maize stunt)|| +''Spiroplasma kunkelii'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Anthracnose leaf blight
+Anthracnose stalk rot
+{{visible anchor|Anthracnose top dieback}}{{cite web | title=Top dieback in corn: Is anthracnose the cause? | website=Integrated Crop Management [[Iowa State University Extension]] | date=2007-09-10 | url=http://crops.extension.iastate.edu/encyclopedia/top-dieback-corn-anthracnose-cause | access-date=2022-04-23}}{{cite web | title=Stalk Rot Diseases Including Anthracnose Top Dieback Developing in Some Fields | website=[[CropWatch]] University of Nebraska-Lincoln | date=2016-09-09 | url=http://cropwatch.unl.edu/2016/stalk-rot-diseases-including-anthracnose-top-dieback-developing-some-fields | access-date=2022-04-23}} +||''[[Glomerella graminicola|Colletotrichum graminicola]]''
+''[[Glomerella graminicola]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Glomerella tucumanensis]]''
+''[[Glomerella falcatum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Aspergillus ear and kernel rot +||''[[Aspergillus flavus]]'' +|- +|Banded leaf and sheath spot +||''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' {{=}} ''[[Rhizoctonia microsclerotia]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Black bundle disease +||''[[Acremonium strictum]]'' {{=}} ''[[Cephalosporium acremonium]]'' +|- +|Black kernel rot +||''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia theobromae]]'' +|- +|Borde blanco +||''[[Marasmiellus]]'' sp. +|- +|Brown spot
+Black spot
+Stalk rot +||''[[Physoderma maydis]]'' +|- +|Cephalosporium kernel rot +||''[[Acremonium strictum]]'' {{=}} ''[[Cephalosporium acremonium]]'' +|- +|Charcoal rot +||''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Corticium ear rot +||''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' {{=}} ''[[Corticium sasakii]]'' +|- +|Curvularia leaf spot +||''[[Curvularia clavata]]''
+''[[Curvularia eragostidis|Curvularia eragrostidis]]'' {{=}} ''[[Curvularia maculan]]s''
+''[[Cochliobolus eragrostidis]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Curvularia inaequalis]]''
+''[[Curvularia intermedia]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus intermedius]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Curvularia lunata]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus lunatus]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Curvularia pallescens]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus pallescens]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Curvularia senegalensis]]''
+''[[Curvularia tuberculata]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus tuberculatus]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Didymella leaf spot +||''[[Didymella exitalis]]'' +|- +|Diplodia ear rot and stalk rot +||''[[Diplodia frumenti]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria festucae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Diplodia ear rot
+Stalk rot
+Seed rot
+Seedling blight +||''[[Diplodia maydis]]'' +|- +|Diplodia leaf spot or leaf streak +||''[[Stenocarpella macrospora]]'' {{=}} ''[[Diplodia macrospora]]'' +|- +! colspan=2 | Downy mildews +|- +|Brown stripe downy mildew +||''[[Sclerophthora rayssiae]]'' +|- +|Crazy top downy mildew +||''[[Sclerophthora macrospora]]'' {{=}} ''[[Sclerospora macrospora]]'' +|- +|Green ear downy mildew
+Graminicola downy mildew +||''[[Sclerospora graminicola]]'' +|- +|Java downy mildew +||''[[Peronosclerospora maydis]]'' {{=}} ''[[Sclerospora maydis]]'' +|- +|Philippine downy mildew +||''[[Peronosclerospora philippinensis]]'' {{=}} ''[[Sclerospora philippinensis]]'' +|- +|Sorghum downy mildew +||''[[Peronosclerospora sorghi]]'' {{=}} ''[[Sclerospora sorghi]]'' +|- +|Spontaneum downy mildew +||''[[Peronosclerospora spontanea]]'' {{=}} ''[[Sclerospora spontanea]]'' +|- +|Sugarcane downy mildew +||''[[Peronosclerospora sacchari]]'' {{=}} ''[[Sclerospora sacchari]]'' +|- +! colspan=2 | ... +|- +|Dry ear rot
+Cob, kernel and stalk rot +||''[[Nigrospora oryzae]]''
+''[[Khuskia oryzae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Ear rots, minor +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' {{=}} ''[[Alternaria tenuis]]''
+''[[Aspergillus glaucus]]''
+''[[Aspergillus niger]]''
+''[[Aspergillus]]'' spp.
+''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Cunninghamella]]'' sp.
+''[[Curvularia pallescens]]''
+''[[Doratomyces stemonitis]]'' {{=}} ''[[Cephalotrichum stemonitis]]''
+''[[Fusarium culmorum]]''
+''[[Gonatobotrys simplex]]''
+''[[Pithomyces maydicus]]''
+''[[Rhizopus microsporus]]''
+''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' {{=}} ''[[Rhizopus nigricans]]''
+''[[Scopulariopsis brumptii]]'' +|- +|Ergot
+Horse's tooth +||''[[Claviceps gigantea]]''
+''[[Sphacelia]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Eyespot +||''[[Aureobasidium zeae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Kabatiella zeae]]'' +|- +|Fusarium ear and stalk rot +||''[[Fusarium subglutinans]]'' {{=}} ''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]'' +|- +|Fusarium kernel, root and stalk rot, seed rot and seedling blight +||''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]'' +''[[Gibberella fujikuroi]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Fusarium stalk rot
+Seedling root rot +||''[[Fusarium avenaceum]]''
+''[[Gibberella avenacea]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Gibberella ear and stalk rot +||''[[Gibberella zeae]]''
+''[[Fusarium graminearum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Gray ear rot +||''[[Botryosphaeria zeae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Physalospora zeae]]''
+''[[Macrophoma zeae]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|[[Corn grey leaf spot]]
+Gray leaf spot
+Cercospora leaf spot +||''[[Cercospora sorghi]]'' {{=}} ''Cercospora sorghi''{{clarify|date=December 2021|reason=Why synonymise something with itself?}}
+''[[Cercospora zeae-maydis]]''{{cite book | last1=Cairns | first1=J.E. | last2=Sonder | first2=K. | last3=Zaidi | first3=P.H. | last4=Verhulst | first4=N. | last5=Mahuku | first5=G. | last6=Babu | first6=R. | last7=Nair | first7=S.K. | last8=Das | first8=B. | last9=Govaerts | first9=B. | last10=Vinayan | first10=M.T. | last11=Rashid | first11=Z. | last12=Noor | first12=J.J. | last13=Devi | first13=P. | last14=San Vicente | first14=F. | last15=Prasanna | first15=B.M. | title=Advances in Agronomy | chapter=1 Maize Production in a Changing Climate: Impacts, Adaptation, and Mitigation Strategies | publisher=Elsevier | year=2012 | volume=114 | issn=0065-2113 | doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-394275-3.00006-7 | pages=1–58| isbn=9780123942753 | url=http://oceanrep.geomar.de/29964/1/Cairns%20et%20al.pdf }}{{cite journal | last1=Tripathi | first1=Ashutosh | last2=Tripathi | first2=Durgesh Kumar | last3=Chauhan | first3=D.K. | last4=Kumar | first4=Niraj | last5=Singh | first5=G.S. | title=Paradigms of climate change impacts on some major food sources of the world: A review on current knowledge and future prospects | journal=[[Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment]] | publisher=[[Elsevier]] | volume=216 | year=2016 | issn=0167-8809 | doi=10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.034 | pages=356–373}}{{br}} +''[[Cercospora zeina]]'' +|- +|Helminthosporium root rot +||''[[Exserohilum pedicellatum]]'' {{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium pedicellatum]]''
+''[[Setosphaeria pedicellata]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Hormodendrum ear rot
+[[Cladosporium ear rot]] +||''[[Cladosporium cladosporioides]]'' {{=}} ''[[Hormodendrum cladosporioides]]''
+''[[Cladosporium herbarum]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella tassiana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Hyalothyridium leaf spot +||''[[Hyalothyridium maydis]]'' +|- +|Late wilt +||''[[Cephalosporium maydis]]'' +|- +|Leaf spots, minor +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+''[[Ascochyta maydis]]''
+''[[Ascochyta tritici]]''
+''[[Ascochyta zeicola]]''
+''[[Bipolaris victoriae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium victoriae]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus victoriae]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Cochliobolus sativus]]''
+''[[Bipolaris sorokiniana]]'' [anamorph] = ''Helminthosporium sorokinianum'' = ''H. sativum''
+''[[Epicoccum nigrum]]''
+''[[Exserohilum prolatum]]'' {{=}} ''[[Drechslera prolata]]''
+''[[Setosphaeria prolata]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Graphium penicillioides]]''
+''[[Leptosphaeria maydis]]''
+''[[Leptothyrium zeae]]''
+''[[Ophiosphaerella herpotricha]]''
+''[[Scolecosporiella]]'' sp. [anamorph]
+''[[Paraphaeosphaeria michotii]]''
+''[[Phoma]]'' sp.
+''[[Septoria zeae]]''
+''[[Septoria zeicola]]''
+''[[Septoria zeina]]''
+|- +|Northern corn leaf blight
+White blast
+Crown stalk rot
+Stripe +||''[[Setosphaeria turcica]]''
+''[[Exserohilum turcicum]]'' [anamorph] {{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium turcicum]]'' +|- +|Northern corn leaf spot
+Helminthosporium ear rot (race 1) +||''[[Cochliobolus carbonum]]''
+''[[Bipolaris zeicola]]'' [anamorph] {{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium carbonum]]'' +|- +|Penicillium ear rot
+Blue eye
+Blue mold +||''[[Penicillium]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium chrysogenum]]''
+''[[Penicillium expansum]]''
+''[[Penicillium oxalicum]]''
+|- +|Phaeocytostroma stalk rot and root rot +||''[[Phaeocytostroma ambiguum]]'' {{=}} ''[[Phaeocytosporella zeae]]'' +|- +|Phaeosphaeria leaf spot +||''[[Phaeosphaeria maydis]]'' {{=}} ''[[Sphaerulina maydis]]'' +|- +|Physalospora ear rot
+Botryosphaeria ear rot +||''[[Botryosphaeria festucae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Physalospora zeicola]]''
+''[[Diplodia frumenti]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Purple leaf sheath +||Hemiparasitic bacteria and fungi +|- +|Pyrenochaeta stalk rot and root rot +||''[[Phoma terrestris]]'' {{=}} ''[[Pyrenochaeta terrestris]]'' +|- +|Pythium root rot +||''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium arrhenomanes]]''
+''[[Pythium graminicola]]''
+|- +|Pythium stalk rot +||''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]'' {{=}} ''[[Pythium butleri]]'' +|- +|Red kernel disease
+Ear mold, leaf and seed rot +||''[[Epicoccum nigrum]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia ear rot
+Sclerotial rot +||''[[Waitea zeae]]''
+|- +|Rhizoctonia root rot and stalk rot +||''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Waitea zeae]]'' +|- +|Root rots, minor +||''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+''[[Cercospora sorghi]]''
+''[[Dictochaeta fertilis]]''
+''[[Fusarium acuminatum]]'' +''[[Gibberella acuminata]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium equiseti]]''
+''[[Gibberella intricans]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]''
+''[[Fusarium pallidoroseum]]''
+''[[Fusarium poae]]''
+''[[Fusarium roseum]]''
+''[[Gibberella cyangena|Gibberella cyanogena]]''
+''[[Fusarium sulphureum]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Microdochium bolleyi]]''
+''[[Mucor]]'' sp.
+''[[Periconia circinata]]''
+''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora drechsleri]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae]]''
+''[[Rhizopus arrhizus]]''
+|- +|Rostratum leaf spot
+Helminthosporium leaf disease, ear and stalk rot +||''[[Setosphaeria rostrata]]'' {{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium rostratum]]'' +|- +|Rust, common corn +||''[[Puccinia sorghi]]'' +|- +|Rust, southern corn +||''[[Puccinia polysora]]'' +|- +|Rust, tropical corn +||''[[Physopella pallescens]]''
+''[[Physopella zeae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Angiopsora zeae]]'' +|- +|Sclerotium ear rot +Southern blight +||''[[Athelia rolfsii]]''
+|- +|Seed rot-seedling blight +||''[[Athelia rolfsii]]''
+''[[Bipolaris sorokiniana]]''
+''[[Bipolaris zeicola]]'' {{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium carbonum]]''
+''[[Diplodia maydis]]''
+''[[Exserohilum pedicillatum]]''
+''[[Exserohilum turcicum]]'' {{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium turcicum]]''
+''[[Fusarium avenaceum]]''
+''[[Fusarium culmorum]]''
+''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]''
+''[[Gibberella zeae]]''
+''[[Fusarium graminearum]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+''[[Penicillium]]'' spp.
+''[[Phomopsis]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Spicaria]]'' spp. +''[[Waitea zeae]]''
+|- +|Selenophoma leaf spot +||''[[Selenophoma]]'' sp. +|- +|Sheath rot +||''[[Gaeumannomyces graminis]]'' +|- +|Shuck rot +||''[[Myrothecium gramineum]]'' +|- +|Silage mold +||''[[Monascus purpureus]]''
+''[[Monascus ruber]]'' +|- +|[[Corn smut|Smut, common]] +||''[[Ustilago zeae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Ustilago maydis]]'' +|- +|Smut, false +||''[[Ustilaginoidea virens]]'' +|- +|Smut, head +||''[[Sphacelotheca reiliana]]'' {{=}} ''[[Sporisorium holci-sorghi]]'' +|- +|Southern corn leaf blight and stalk rot +||''[[Cochliobolus heterostrophus]]''
+''[[Bipolaris maydis]]'' [anamorph] {{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium maydis]]'' +|- +|Southern leaf spot +||''[[Stenocarpella macrospora]]'' {{=}} ''[[Diplodia macrospora]]'' +|- +|Stalk rots, minor +||''[[Cercospora sorghi]]''
+''[[Fusarium episphaeria]]''
+''[[Fusarium merismoides]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]''
+''[[Fusarium poae]]''
+''[[Fusarium roseum]]''
+''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Nectria haematococca]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium tricinctum]]''
+''[[Mariannaea elegans]]''
+''[[Mucor]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhopographus zeae]]''
+''[[Spicaria]]'' spp. +|- +|Storage rots +||''[[Aspergillus]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium]]'' spp. and other fungi +|- +|Tar spot +||''[[Phyllachora maydis]]''
''[[Monographella maydis]]''
''[[Coniothyrium phyllachorae]]''{{cite journal |last1=Hock|first1=J |last2=Kranz |first2=J |date=1995 |title=Studies on the epidemiology of the tar spot disease complex of maize in Mexico |journal=Plant Pathology|publisher=British Society for Plant Pathology |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=490–502 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb01671.x}}{{cite web|url=http://nt.ars-grin.gov/taxadescriptions/factsheets/pdfPrintFile.cfm?thisApp=Phyllachoramaydis|access-date=19 July 2016|title=Invasive fungi. Tar spot of corn - Phyllachora maydis|publisher=Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA|author=Chalkley, D}} +|- +|Trichoderma ear rot and root rot +||''[[Trichoderma viride]]'' {{=}} ''[[Trichoderma lignorum]]''
+''[[Hypocrea]]'' sp. [teleomorph] +|- +|White ear rot, root and stalk rot +||''[[Stenocarpella maydis]]'' {{=}} ''[[Diplodia zeae]]'' +|- +|Yellow leaf blight +||''[[Ascochyta ischaemi]]''
+''[[Phyllosticta maydis]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella zeae-maydis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Zonate leaf spot +||''[[Gloeocercospora sorghi]]'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, Parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, Parasitic'''
+|- +|Awl +||''Dolichodorus'' spp.
+''D. heterocephalus'' +|- +|Bulb and stem +||''Ditylenchus dipsaci'' +|- +|Burrowing +||''[[Radopholus similis]]'' +|- +|Cyst +||''Heterodera avenae''
+''H. zeae''
+''Punctodera chalcoensis'' +|- +|Dagger +||''[[Xiphinema]]'' spp.
+''X. americanum'' +''X. mediterraneum'' +|- +|False root-knot +||''Nacobbus dorsalis'' +|- +|Lance, Columbia +||''Hoplolaimus columbus'' +|- +|Lance +||''Hoplolaimus'' spp.
+''H. galeatus'' +|- +|Lesion +||''Pratylenchus'' spp.
+''P. brachyurus''
+''P. crenatus''
+''P. hexincisus''
+''P. neglectus''
+''P. penetrans''
+''P. scribneri''
+''P. thornei''
+''P. zeae'' +|- +|Needle +||''Longidorus'' spp.
+''L. breviannulatus'' +|- +|Ring +||''Criconemella'' spp.
+''C. ornata'' +|- +|Root-knot +||''Meloidogyne'' spp.
+''M. chitwoodi''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita|M. incognita]]''
+''M. javanica'' +|- +|Spiral +||''Helicotylenchus'' spp. +|- +|Sting +||''Belonolaimus'' spp.
+''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus|B. longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root +||''Paratrichodorus'' spp.
+''P. christiei''
+''P. minor''
+''Quinisulcius acutus''
+''Trichodorus'' spp. +|- +|Stunt +||''Tylenchorhynchus dubius'' +|- +|} + +==Virus and virus-like diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Virus and virus-like diseases'''
+|- +|American wheat striate (wheat striate mosaic) +||[[American wheat striate mosaic virus mosaic]] (AWSMV) +|- +|Barley stripe mosaic +||[[Barley stripe mosaic virus]] (BSMV) +|- +|[[Barley yellow dwarf virus|Barley yellow dwarf]] +||[[Barley yellow dwarf virus|Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)]] +|- +|[[Brome mosaic virus|Brome mosaic]] +||[[Brome mosaic virus|Brome mosaic virus (BMV)]] +|- +|Cereal chlorotic mottle +||[[Cereal chlorotic mottle virus]] (CCMV) +|- +|Corn lethal necrosis ([[maize lethal necrosis disease]]) +||Virus complex ([[Maize chlorotic mottle virus]] [MCMV] and [[Maize dwarf mosaic virus]] [MDMV] A or B or [[Wheat streak mosaic virus]] [WSMV]) +|- +|Cucumber mosaic +||[[Cucumber mosaic virus]] (CMV) +|- +|Johnsongrass mosaic +||[[Johnsongrass mosaic virus]] (JGMV) +|- +|Maize bushy stunt +||Mycoplasmalike organism (MLO), assoc. +|- +|Maize chlorotic dwarf +||[[Maize chlorotic dwarf virus]] (MCDV) +|- +|Maize chlorotic mottle +||[[Maize chlorotic mottle virus]] (MCMV) +|- +|Maize dwarf mosaic +||[[Maize dwarf mosaic virus]] (MDMV) strains A, D, E and F +|- +|Maize leaf fleck +||[[Maize leaf fleck virus]] (MLFV) +|- +|Maize line* +||[[Maize line virus]] (MLV) +|- +|Maize mosaic (corn leaf stripe, enanismo rayado) +||[[Maize mosaic virus]] (MMV) +|- +|Maize pellucid ringspot +||[[Maize pellucid ringspot virus]] (MPRV) +|- +|Maize rayado fino (fine striping disease) +||[[Maize rayado fino virus]] (MRFV) +|- +|Maize red leaf and red stripe +||Mollicute? +|- +|Maize red stripe (now known as Wheat mosaic virus +||[[High Plains wheat mosaic emaravirus|Wheat mosaic virus]] (WMoV) +|- +|Maize ring mottle +||[[Maize ring mottle virus]] (MRMV) +|- +|Maize rough dwarf (nanismo ruvido) +||[[Maize rough dwarf virus]] (MRDV) +|- +|Maize sterile stunt +||[[Maize sterile stunt virus]] (strains of [[barley yellow striate virus]]) +|- +|[[Maize streak]] +||[[Maize streak virus]] (MSV) +|- +|Maize stripe (maize chlorotic stripe, maize hoja blanca) +||[[Maize stripe virus]] +|- +|Maize tassel abortion +||[[Maize tassel abortion virus]] (MTAV) +|- +|Maize vein enation +||[[Maize vein enation virus]] (MVEV) +|- +|Maize wallaby ear +||[[Maize wallaby ear virus]] (MWEV) +|- +|Maize white leaf +||[[Maize white leaf virus]] +|- +|Maize white line mosaic +||[[Maize white line mosaic virus]] (MWLMV) +|- +|Millet red leaf +||Millet red leaf virus (MRLV) +|- +|Northern cereal mosaic +||[[Northern cereal mosaic virus]] (NCMV) +|- +|Oat pseudorosette (zakuklivanie) +||[[Oat pseudorosette virus]] +|- +|Oat sterile dwarf +||[[Oat sterile dwarf virus]] (OSDV) +|- +|Rice black-streaked dwarf +||[[Rice black-streaked dwarf virus]] (RBSDV) +|- +|Rice stripe +||[[Rice stripe virus]] (RSV) +|- +|Sorghum mosaic +||[[Sorghum mosaic virus]] (SrMV), formerly [[sugarcane mosaic virus]] (SCMV) strains H, I and M +|- +|Southern rice black-streaked dwarf +|[[Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus|Southern rice black-streaked dwarf (SRBSDV)]] +|- +|Sugarcane Fiji disease +||[[Sugarcane Fiji disease virus]] (FDV) +|- +|Sugarcane mosaic +|[[Sugarcane mosaic virus]] (SCMV) strains A, B, D, E, SC, BC, Sabi and MB (formerly MDMV-B) +|- +|Wheat mosaic +|[[Wheat mosaic virus (disambiguation)]] (WMoV) +|- +|} + +== References == +{{Reflist|refs= + +{{cite journal | last1=Crous | first1=Pedro W. | last2=Groenewald | first2=Johannes Z. | last3=Groenewald | first3=Marizeth | last4=Caldwell | first4=Pat | last5=Braun | first5=Uwe | last6=Harrington | first6=Thomas C. | title=Species of Cercospora associated with grey leaf spot of maize | journal=[[Studies in Mycology]] | publisher=[[Westerdijk Institute]] ([[Elsevier]]) | volume=55 | date=1 May 2006 | pages=189–197 | pmid=18490979 | doi=10.3114/sim.55.1.189 | pmc=2104713 | s2cid=31494639}} + +}} +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070202084939/http://www.apsnet.org/online/common/names/corn.asp Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{corn}} + +[[Category:Maize diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Maize]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_mango_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_mango_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5761f23 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_mango_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,418 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +Diseases of [[mango]]s (''Mangifera indica'') include:{{cite book |last=Prakash |first=Om |title=Diseases of Fruits and Vegetables Volume I |chapter=Diseases and Disorders of Mango and their Management |publisher=Springer Netherlands |publication-place=Dordrecht |date=2004 |isbn=978-1-4020-1822-0 |doi=10.1007/1-4020-2606-4_13 |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/1-4020-2606-4_13 |access-date=2026-03-06 |page=511–619}} + +==Bacterial diseases== +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=3| '''Bacterial diseases''' +|- +|Bacterial black spot = bacterial canker +||[[Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae|''Xanthomonas campestris'' pv. ''mangiferaeindicae'']]{{cite book |last=Ploetz |first=R. C. |title=Diseases of tropical fruit crops |chapter=Diseases of mango. |publisher=CABI Publishing |publication-place=UK |date=2003 |isbn=978-0-85199-390-4 |doi=10.1079/9780851993904.0327 |url=http://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/9780851993904.0327 |access-date=2026-03-06 |page=327–363}} +|- +|Bacterial fruit rot +|| [[Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum|''Pectobacterium carotovorum'' subsp. ''carotovorum'']] = [[Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora|''Erwinia carotovora'' subsp. ''carotovora'']]
+''[[Erwinia herbicola]]'' +|- +|Crown gall hi +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria leaf spots +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+''[[Alternaria tenuissima]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]''
+''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' +|- +|Black banded disease +|| +''[[Rhinocladium corticum]]'' +|- +|Black mildew +|| +''[[Meliola mangiferae]]'' +|- +|Black mold rot +|| +''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' +|- +|Black rot +|| +''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]''
+''[[Chalara paradoxa]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Blossom blight +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Blue mold +|| +''[[Penicillium expansum]]'' +|- +|Branch canker +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria ribis]]''
+''[[Fusicoccum]]'' sp. [anamorph]
+''[[Hypoxylon serpens var. effusum]]'' +|- +|Branch necrosis +|| +''[[Dothiorella]]'' sp. +|- +|Ceratocystis wilt +|| +''[[Ceratocystis fimbriata]]''
+''[[Chalara]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Charcoal fruit rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Charcoal root rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Crown rot +|| +''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Nectria haematococca]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Crusty leaf spot +|| +''[[Zimmermanniella trispora]]'' +|- +|Curvularia blight +|| +''[[Curvularia tuberculata]]'' +|- +|Dieback +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria disrupta]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora disrupta]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria quercuum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora glandicola]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria rhodina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora rhodina]]''
+''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryosphaeria theobromae]]'' +|- +|Felt fungus +|| +''[[Septobasidium bogoriense]]''
+''[[Septobasidium pilosum]]''
+''[[Johncouchia mangiferae]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Septobasidium pseudopedicellatum]]'' +|- +|Fruit rot +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae]]''
+''[[Pestalotiopsis mangiferae]]''
+''[[Phyllosticta anacardiacearum]]''
+''Guignardia mangiferae'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Gall +|| +''[[Fusarium decemcellare]]''
+''[[Calonectria rigidiuscula]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Gray leaf spot +|| +''[[Pestalotiopsis mangiferae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pestalotia mangiferae]]'' +|- +|Hendersonia rot +|| +''[[Hendersonia creberrima]]'' +|- +|Leaf blight +|| +''[[Bipolaris hawaiiensis]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +|| +''[[Curvularia lunata]]''
+''[[Leptosphaeria]]'' sp.
+''[[Macrophoma]]'' sp.
+''[[Phaeosphaerella mangiferae]]''
+''[[Phoma sorghina]]''
+''[[Pseudocercospora mali]]''
+''[[Pseudocercospora subsessilis]]''
+''[[Septoria]]'' sp.
+''[[Verticillium lecanii]]'' +|- +|Macrophoma rot +|| +''[[Macrophoma mangiferae]]'' +|- +|Mango malformation +|| +''[[Fusarium subglutinans]]''
+(Note: some debate remains as to complete etiology of this disease.) +|- +|Mucor rot +|| +''[[Mucor circinelloides]]'' +|- +|Mushroom root rot +|| +''[[Armillaria tabescens]]'' +|- +|Phoma blight +|| +''[[Phoma glomerata]]'' +|- +|Phyllosticta leaf spot +|| +''[[Phyllosticta mortonii]]''
+''[[Phyllosticta citricarpa]]''
+''[[Guignardia citricarpa]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Phyllosticta anacardiacearum]]''
+''[[Guignardia mangiferae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Pink disease +|| +''[[Erythricium salmonicolor]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium salmonicolor]]''
+''[[Necator decretus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Erysiphe cichoracearum]]''
+''[[Oidium asteris-punicei]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Oidium mangiferae]]'' +|- +|Rhizopus rot +|| +''[[Rhizopus arrhizus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizopus oryzae]]'' +|- +|Root rot +|| +''[[Cylindrocladiella peruviana]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cylindrocladium peruvianum]]''
+''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium splendens]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Sclerotium rolfsii var. delphinii]]''
+''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +|- +|Scab +|| +''[[Elsinoe mangiferae]]''
+''[[Sphaceloma mangiferae]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Sclerotinia rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Seed rots +|| +''[[Bipolaris ravenelii]]''
+''[[Marasmius]]'' sp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Shoestring rot +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]'' +|- +|Sooty blotch +|| +''[[Gloeodes pomigena]]'' +|- +|Sooty molds +|| +''[[Capnodium citri (disambiguation)|Capnodium citri]]''
+''[[Capnodium mangiferae]]''
+''[[Capnodium ramosum]]''
+''[[Meliola]]'' spp.
+''[[Tripospermum acerinum]]'' +|- +|Stem canker +|| +''[[Phoma]]'' sp. +|- +|Stem end rot +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria rhodina]]''
+''[[Dothiorella dominicana]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fusicoccum aesculi]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria dothidea]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Hendersonula toruloidea]]''
+''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia theobromae]]''
+''[[Phomopsis mangiferae]]'' +|- +|Stem gall +|| +''[[Sphaeropsis]]'' sp. +|- +|Stemphylium rot +|| +''[[Stemphylium vesicarium]]'' +|- +|Stigmina leaf spot +|| +''[[Stigmina mangiferae]]'' +|- +|Tip dieback +|| +''[[Fusarium equiseti]]''
+''[[Gibberella intricans]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Transit rot +|| +''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Trunk rot +|| +''[[Hexagonia hydnoides]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Polyporus hydnoides]]'' +|- +|Twig blight +|| +''[[Diaporthe]]'' spp. +|- +|Verticillium wilt +|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]'' +|- +|White sooty blotch +|| +''[[Gloeodes]]'' sp. +|- +|Wood rot +|| +''[[Ganoderma applanatum]]''
+''[[Ganoderma lucidum]]''
+''[[Phellinus gilvus]]''
+''[[Pycnoporus sanguineus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Polyporus sanguineus]]'' +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Dagger nematode +|| +''[[Xiphinema brevicolle]]''
+''[[Xiphinema]]'' spp. +|- +|Lance nematode +|| +''[[Hoplolaimus columbus]]'' +|- +|Sheathoid nematode +|| +''[[Hemicriconemoides mangiferae]]'' +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" +|- +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Abnormal ripening +||Incorrect O2:CO2 ratios in storage or fruit waxing. +|- +|Algal leaf spot = red rust +||''Cephaleuros virescens'' Kunze +|- +|Black tip +||Post-harvest disorder of unknown cause +|- +|Brushing damage +||Excessive post-harvest brush polishing of fruit +|- +|Bunchy top +||Unknown cause +|- +|Chilling injury +||Temperatures from 7-13 °C; cultivar dependent. +|- +|Copper deficiency +||Unavailable copper +|- +|Decline +||Unknown etiology +|- +|Edema +||Physiological water stress +|- +|Hot water scald +||Excessive temperature or duration in hot water or hot water/fungicide dips +|- +|Impact damage +||Fruit injury from mishandling during harvest or grading +|- +|Internal necrosis +||Boron deficiency +|- +|Jelly seed +||Unknown post-harvest disorder +|- +|Lenticel spotting +||Heavy rains or prolonged post-harvest dips +|- +|Little leaf +||Zinc deficiency +|- +|Manganese deficiency +||Insufficient manganese +|- +|Parasitic lichen +||''Strigula elegans'' (Fee) Muell Arg. +|- +|Premature ripening +||Cause of disorder unknown +|- +|Pressure damage +||Surface fruit injury due to poor packing or load shift in transit +|- +|Sapburn injury +||Sap contact with fruit skin during or post-harvest +|- +|Soft nose +||Excessive nitrogen/low calcium levels +|- +|Spongy tissue +||Unknown post-harvest disorder +|- +|Stem end cavity +||Unexplained pre-harvest fruit injury +|- +|Sunburn +||Sudden exposure of fruit to high air temperature and/or bright light +|- +|Tipburn +||High soluble salts +|} + +== References == +{{Reflist}} +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Mango.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{mangoes}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Mango]] +[[Category:Mango tree diseases|*]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_oats_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_oats_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a7a6ae4 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_oats_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +#REDIRECT [[List of oat diseases]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_papaya_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_papaya_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..24d190c --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_papaya_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,352 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +{{Notability|date=September 2023}} +{{Single source|date=September 2023}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[papaya]] (''Carica papaya''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial canker +||''[[Erwinia]]'' sp. +|- +|Bacterial leaf spot +||''[[Pseudomonas caricapapayae]]'' +|- +|Bacterial wilt +||''[[Pseudomonas solanacearum]]'' +|- +|[[Papaya Bunchy Top Disease]] +||''[[Rickettsia]]'' +|- +|Erwinia decline +||''[[Erwinia]]'' sp.
+|- +|Erwinia mushy canker +||''[[Erwinia]]'' sp. +|- +|Internal yellowing +||''Enterobacter cloacae'' +|- +|Purple stain +||''Erwinia herbicola'' +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria fruit spot +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|Angular leaf spot +|| +''[[Leveillula taurica]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +|- +|Black spot +|| +''[[Asperisporium caricae]]''
+''[[Cercospora papayae]]''
+''[[Phomopsis caricae-papayae]]'' +|- +|Blossom spot +||''[[Choanephora cucurbitarum]]'' +|- +|Black rot +||''Mycosphaerella caricae'' +|- +|Brown spot +|| +''[[Corynespora cassiicola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercospora melonis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercospora vignicola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium cassiicola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium vignae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium vignicola]]'' +|- +|Chocolate spot +|| +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +|- +|Collar rot +|| +''[[Cylindrocladium crotalariae]]''
+''[[Calonectria crotalariae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Damping off +|| +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae]]''
+''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]''
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Pythium]]'' sp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Dry rot +|| +''[[Phoma caricae-papayae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Ascochyta caricae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Ascochyta caricae-papayae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Mycosphaerella caricae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Foot rot +|| +''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Fruit rot +|| +''[[Monilinia|Monilia]]'' sp. +|- +|Fruit spot +|| +''[[Cercospora mamaonis]]'' +|- +|Fusarium fruit rot +|| +''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Guignardia spot +|| +''[[Guignardia]]'' sp. +|- +|Greasy spot +|| +''[[Corynespora cassiicola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercospora melonis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercospora vignicola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium cassiicola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium vignae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium vignicola]]'' +|- +|Internal blight +|| +''[[Cladosporium]]'' sp.
+''[[Fusarium]]'' sp.
+''[[Penicillium]]'' sp. +|- +|Lasiodiplodia fruit rot +|| +''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia gossypii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia gossypina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia natalensis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Lasiodiplodia triflorae]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +|| +''[[Alternaria]]'' sp.
+''[[Asperisporium caricae]]''
+''[[Cercospora mamaonis]]''
+''[[Cercospora papayae]]''
+''[[Choanephora cucurbitarum]]''
+''[[Curvularia caricae-papayae]]''
+''[[Gloeosporium]]'' sp.
+''[[Phoma caricae-papayae]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella caricae]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Phyllosticta]]'' sp. +|- +|Petiole spot +||''[[Didymella]]'' sp. +|- +|Phytophthora blight +|| +''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Phyllactinia caricifolia]]''
+''[[Phyllactinia caricicola]]''
+''[[Phyllactinia caricae]]''
+''[[Erysiphe diffusa]]''
+''[[Erysiphe caricae]]''
+''[[Erysiphe caricae-papayae]]''
+''[[Erysiphe fallax]]''
+''[[Podosphaera caricicola]]''
+''[[Podosphaera xanthii]]'' complex +|- +|Phytophthora fruit rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora capsici]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]'' +|- +|Rhizopus soft rot +|| +''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +{{=}} ''[[Rhizopus nigricans]]'' +|- +|Root rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Sclerotium blight +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Seedling blight +|| +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +|- +|Stem-end rot +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata|Alternaria alterneta]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]''
+''[[Fusarium]]'' sp.
+''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia gossypii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia gossypina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia natalensis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Lasiodiplodia triflorae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phoma caricae-papayae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Ascochyta caricae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Ascochyta caricae-papayae]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella caricae]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Phomopsis]]'' sp.
+''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Stemphylium fruit spot +|| +''[[Stemphylium lycopersici]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Thyrospora lycopersici]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Stemphylium floridanum]]'' +|- +|Stem rot +|| +''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Nectria haematococca]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium]]'' sp.
+''[[Phytophthora palmivora]]''
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Target spot +||''[[Phyllosticta caricae-papayae]]'' +|- +|Verticillium wilt +||''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|Wet fruit rot +||''[[Phomopsis]]'' sp. +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Algal leaf spot +||''Cephaleuros virescens'' +|- +|Bumpy fruit +||Boron deficiency +|- +|Freckles +||Physiological +|- +|Nivum Haamir dieback +||Unknown cause +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Reniform nematode +|| +''[[Rotylenchulus reniformis]]''
+''[[Rotylenchulus parvus]]'' +|- +|Root-knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]'' +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasmal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|Dieback +||[[Phytoplasma]] +|- +|Yellow crinkle +||Phytoplasma +|- +|} + +==Viral and viroid diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral and viroid diseases'''
+|- +|Apical necrosis +||Papaya apical necrosis virus +|- +|Droopy necrosis +||Papaya droopy necrosis virus +|- +|Feather leaf +||Unknown virus +|- +|Leaf curl +||Virus suspected +|- +|Mosaic +||[[Papaya mosaic virus]] +|- +|[[Papaya ringspot virus|Papaya ringspot]] +||[[Papaya ringspot virus]] +|- +|[[Papaya lethal yellowing virus|Papaya lethal yellowing]] +|[[Papaya lethal yellowing virus]] +|- +|Spotted wilt +||[[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] +|- +|Sticky disease ('meleira') +|Papaya meleira virus complex +|- +|Terminal necrosis and wilt +||[[Tobacco ringspot virus]] +|- +|} + +==References== +{{reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Papaya.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Papaya]] +[[Category:Papaya tree diseases| List]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_peach_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_peach_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..df8fccc --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_peach_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +#REDIRECT [[List of peach and nectarine diseases]] + +{{R from subtopic}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_peanut_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_peanut_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8d61719 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_peanut_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,367 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +{{refimprove|date=March 2013}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[peanut]]s (''Arachis hypogaea''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial wilt +||''[[Pseudomonas solanacearum]]'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria leaf blight +|| +''[[Alternaria tenuissima]]'' +|- +|Alternaria leaf spot +|| +''[[Alternaria arachidis]]'' +|- +|Alternaria spot and veinal necrosis +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Colletotrichum arachidis]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum dematium]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum mangenoti]]'' +|- +|Aspergillus crown rot +|| +''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' +|- +|Blackhull +|| +''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+''[[Chalara elegans]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Botrytis blight +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Charcoal rot and Macrophomina leaf spot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizoctonia bataticola]]'' +|- +|Choanephora leaf spot +|| +''[[Choanephora]]'' spp. +|- +|Collar rot +|| +''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia gossypina]]'' +|- +|Colletotrichum leaf spot +|| +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]''
+''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Cylindrocladium black rot +|| +''[[Cylindrocladium crotalariae]]''
+''[[Calonectria crotalariae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Cylindrocladium leaf spot +|| +''[[Cylindrocladium scoparium]]''
+''[[Calonectria kyotensis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Damping-off, Aspergillus +|| +''[[Aspergillus flavus]]''
+''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' +|- +|Damping-off, Fusarium +|| +''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Damping-off, Pythium +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Damping-off, Rhizoctonia +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' spp. +|- +|Damping-off, Rhizopus +|| +''[[Rhizopus]]'' spp. +|- +|Drechslera leaf spot +|| +''[[Bipolaris spicifera]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Drechslera spicifera]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus spicifer]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Fusarium peg and root rot +||''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Fusarium wilt +||''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot, early +|| +''[[Cercospora arachidicola]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella arachidis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Leaf spot, late +|| +''[[Phaeoisariopsis personata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercosporidium personatum]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella berkeleyi]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Melanosis +|| +''[[Stemphylium botryosum]]''
+''[[Pleospora tarda]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Myrothecium leaf blight +|| +''[[Myrothecium roridum]]'' +|- +|Olpidium root rot +|| +''[[Olpidium brassicae]]'' +|- +|Pepper spot and scorch +|| +''[[Leptosphaerulina crassiasca]]'' +|- +|Pestalotiopsis leaf spot +|| +''[[Pestalotiopsis arachidis]]'' +|- +|Phoma leaf blight +|| +''[[Phoma microspora]]'' +|- +|Phomopsis foliar blight +|| +''[[Phomopsis phaseoli]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phomopsis sojae]]''
+''[[Diaporthe phaseolorum]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phomopsis leaf spot +|| +''[[Phomopsis]]'' spp. +|- +|Phyllosticta leaf spot +|| +''[[Phyllosticta arachidis-hypogaeae]]''
+''[[Phyllosticta sojaecola]]''
+''[[Pleosphaerulina sojicola]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot +|| +''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]'' +|- +|Pod rot (pod breakdown) +|| +''[[Fusarium equiseti]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fusarium scirpi]]''
+''[[Gibberella intricans]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Nectria haematococca]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Pythium myriotylum]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Oidium arachidis]]'' +|- +|Pythium peg and root rot +|| +''[[Pythium myriotylum]]''
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Pythium wilt +|| +''[[Pythium myriotylum]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia foliar blight, peg and root rot +||''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Rust +|| +''[[Puccinia arachidis]]'' +|- +|Scab +|| +''[[Sphaceloma arachidis]]'' +|- +|Sclerotinia blight +|| +''[[Sclerotinia minor]]''
+''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Stem rot (southern blight) +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Verticillium wilt +|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]''
+''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|Web blotch (net blotch) +|| +''[[Phoma arachidicola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Ascochyta adzamethica]]''
+''[[Didymosphaeria arachidicola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Mycosphaerella arachidicola]]'' +|- +|Yellow mold +|| +''[[Aspergillus flavus]]''
+''[[Aspergillus parasiticus]]'' +|- +|Zonate leaf spot +|| +''[[Cristulariella moricola]]''
+''[[Sclerotium cinnamomi]]'' [syanamorph]
+''[[Grovesinia pyramidalis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Dagger +|| +''[[Xiphinema]]'' spp. +|- +|Pod lesion +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus brevilineatus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Tylenchorhynchus brevicadatus]]'' +|- +|Ring +|| +''[[Criconemella ornata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Macroposthonia ornata]]'' +|- +|Root-knot, Javanese +|| +''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +|Root-knot, northern +|| +''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]'' +|- +|Root-knot, peanut +|| +''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]'' +|- +|Root lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]'' +|- +|Seed and pod +|| +''[[Ditylenchus destructor]]'' +|- +|Spiral +|| +''[[Scutellonema cavenessi]]'' +|- +|Sting +|| +''[[Belonolaimus glacilis]]''
+''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Testa +|| +''[[Aphelenchoides arachidis]]'' +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasma, Virus and viruslike diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Virus and viruslike diseases'''
+|- +|Cowpea mild mottle +||[[Cowpea mild mottle virus]] +|- +|Groundnut crinkle +||[[Groundnut crinkle virus]] +|- +|Groundnut eyespot +||[[Groundnut eyespot virus]] +|- +|Groundnut rosette +||[[Groundnut chlorotic rosette virus]]
+[[Groundnut green rosette virus]] +|- +|Groundnut streak +||[[Groundnut streak virus]] +|- +|Marginal chlorosis +||Unknown (viruslike) +|- +|Peanut clump +||[[Peanut clump virus]] +|- +|Peanut green mosaic +||[[Peanut green mosaic virus]] +|- +|Peanut mottle +||[[Peanut mottle virus]] +|- +|Peanut ringspot or bud necrosis +||[[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] +|- +|Peanut stripe +||[[Peanut stripe virus]] +|- +|Peanut stunt +||[[Peanut stunt virus]] +|- +|Peanut yellow mottle +||[[Peanut yellow mottle virus]] +|- +|Tomato spotted wilt +||[[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] +|- +|Witches' broom +||[[Phytoplasma]] +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous and diseases or disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous and diseases or disorders'''
+|- +|Rugose leaf curl +||Rickettsia-like organism +|- +|} + +== References == +{{reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Peanut.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Peanut]] +[[Category:Peanut diseases| ]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_pear_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_pear_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e615858 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_pear_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,367 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +The following is a '''list of diseases of [[pear]]s''' (''Pyrus communis''). + +==Bacterial diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Crown gall +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|[[Fire blight]] +||''[[Erwinia amylovora]]'' +|- +|Pseudomonas blossom blast and canker +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''syringae'' +|- +|Pear decline +||[[Phytoplasma]] +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria fruit rot +|| +''[[Alternaria]]'' spp. +|- +|Anthracnose canker and bull's-eye rot +|| +''[[Pezicula malicorticus]]''
+''[[Cryptosporiopsis curvispora]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Armillaria root rot (shoestring root rot) +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]''
+''[[Rhizomorpha subcorticalis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Bitter rot +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black rot, leaf spot and canker +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria obtusa]]''
+''[[Sphaeropsis malorum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black spot (of Japanese pear) +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|Blister canker +|| +''[[Helminthosporium papulosum]]'' +|- +|Blister disease +||''[[Coniothecium chomatosporum]]'' +|- +|Blue mold rot +|| +''[[Penicillium]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium expansum]]'' +|- +|Botrytis spur and blossom blight +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botrytis cinerea|Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Brown rot +|| +''[[Monilinia fructicola]]''
+''[[Monilinia laxa]]'' +|- +|Cladosporium fruit rot +|| +''[[Cladosporium herbarum]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella tassiana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Clitocybe root rot (mushroom root rot)
+|| +''[[Armillaria tabescens]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Clitocybe tabescens]]'' +|- +|Coprinus rot +|| +''[[Coprinopsis psychromorbida]]'' +|- +|Dematophora root rot (Rosellinia root rot) +|| +''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]''
+''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Diplodia canker +|| +''[[Botryosphaeria stevensii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora malorum]]''
+''[[Diplodia mutila]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Elsinoe leaf and fruit spot +|| +''[[Elsinoe piri]]''
+''[[Sphaceloma pirinum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|European canker +|| +''[[Nectria galligena]]''
+''[[Cylindrocarpon heteronemum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Fabraea leaf and fruit spot +|| +''[[Diplocarpon mespili]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fabraea maculata]]''
+''[[Entomosporium mespili]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Fly speck +|| +''[[Schizothyrium pomi]]''
+''[[Zygophiala jamaicensis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Gibberella canker +|| +''[[Gibberella baccata]]''
+''[[Fusarium lateritium]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Gray mold rot +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Late leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora minima]]'' +|- +|Mucor fruit rot +|| +''[[Mucor]]'' spp.
+''[[Mucor piriformis]]'' +|- +|Mycosphaerella leaf spot (ashy leaf spot and fruit spot) +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella pyri]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Mycosphaerella sentina]]''
+''[[Septoria pyricola]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Nectria twig blight (coral spot) +|| +''[[Nectria cinnabarina]]''
+''[[Tubercularia vulgaris]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Pear scab +|| +''[[Venturia pyrina]]''
+''[[Fusicladium pyrorum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Perennial canker +|| +''[[Neofabraea perennans]]''
+''[[Cryptosporiopsis perennans]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Phyllosticta leaf spot +|| +''[[Phyllosticta]]'' sp. +|- +|Phytophthora crown and root rot (sprinkler rot) +|| +''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]'' +|- +|Pink mold rot +|| +''[[Trichothecium roseum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cephalothecium roseum]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Podosphaera leucotricha]]'' +|- +|Pythium dieback +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Rhizopus rot +|| +''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Rust, American hawthorne +|| +''[[Gymnosporangium globosum]]'' +|- +|Rust, Kern's pear +|| +''[[Gymnosporangium kernianum]]'' +|- +|Rust, Pacific Coast pear +|| +''[[Gymnosporangium libocedri]]'' +|- +|Rust, pear trellis (European pear rust) +|| +''[[Gymnosporangium fuscum]]'' +|- +|Rust, Rocky Mountain pear +|| +''[[Gymnosporangium nelsonii]]'' +|- +|Side rot +|| +''[[Phialophora malorum]]'' +|- +|Silver leaf +|| +''[[Chondrostereum purpureum]]'' +|- +|Sooty blotch +|| +''[[Gloeodes pomigena]]'' +|- +|Thread blight (Hypochnus leaf blight) +|| +''[[Corticium stevensii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pellicularia koleroga]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Hypochnus ochroleucus]]'' +|- +|Valsa canker +|| +''[[Valsa ceratosperma]]''
+''[[Cytospora sacculus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Wood rot +|| +''[[Trametes versicolor]]''
+and various basidiomycetes +|- +|Xylaria root rot +|| +''[[Xylaria]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Alfalfa greening (green stain) +||Unknown +|- +|Bitter pit +||Localized calcium deficiency +|- +|Black end +||Water imbalance +|- +|Black speck (skin speckling) +||Associated with low oxygen in storage +|- +|Blossom blast +||Boron deficiency +|- +|Brown core +||High CO2 +|- +|Core breakdown (Bartlett) +||Senescence +|- +|Cork spot +||Associated with calcium deficiency +|- +|Green stain +||Unknown +|- +|Internal bark necrosis +||Unknown +|- +|Mealy core (d`Anjou) +||Senescence +|- +|Pink end (Bartlett) +||Preharvest low temperature +|- +|Rosette +||Unknown +|- +|Scald +||Senescence +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Dagger, American +|| +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]'' +|- +|Dagger +|| +''[[Xiphinema riveri]]''
+''[[Xiphinema vuittenezi]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]'' +|- +|Pin +|| +''[[Paratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viruslike diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viruslike diseases'''
+|- +|Flemish beauty corky pit +||Virus suspected +|- +|Pear blister canker +||Virus suspected +|- +|Pear decline +||Phytoplasma +|- +|Pear freckle pit +||Virus suspected +|- +|Pear red mottle +||Virus suspected +|- +|Pear ring pattern mosaic +||Virus suspected +|- +|Pear rough bark +||Virus suspected +|- +|Pear stony pit +||Virus suspected +|- +|Pear vein yellows +||Virus suspected +|- +|Quince bark necrosis +||Virus suspected +|- +|Quince sooty ring spot +||Virus suspected +|- +|Quince stunt +||Virus suspected +|- +|Quince yellow blotch +||Virus suspected +|- +|} + +==References== +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Pear.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{pyrus}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Pear]] +[[Category:Pear tree diseases|*]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_pineapple_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_pineapple_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..878aa08 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_pineapple_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[pineapple]]s (''Ananas comosus''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial heart rot +||''[[Erwinia chrysanthemi]]'' +|- +|} + +==Bacterial diseases (fruit)== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases (fruit)'''
+|- +|Acetic souring +||''Acetic acid bacteria'' +|- +|Bacterial fruitlet brown rot +||''Erwinia ananas'' pv. ''ananas'' +|- +|Fruit collapse +||''Erwinia chrysanthemi'' +|- +|Marbled fruit +||''Acetobacter'' spp.
+''A. peroxydans''
+''Erwinia herbicola'' var. ''ananas'' +|- +|Pink fruit +||''Acetobacter aceti''
+''Erwinia herbicola''
+''Gluconobacter oxydans'' +|- +|Soft rot +||''Erwinia carotovora'' subsp. ''carotovora'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Colletotrichum ananas]]'' +|- +|[[Pineapple black rot]] +|| +''[[Chalara paradoxa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Thielaviopsis paradoxa]]''
+''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Leaf spot +|| +''[[Curvularia eragrostidis]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus eragrostidis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phytophthora heart rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora cinnamomi]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]'' +|- +|Root rot +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium arrhenomanes]]'' +|- +|Seedling blight +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|White leaf spot +|| +''[[Chalara paradoxa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Thielaviopsis paradoxa]]''
+''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases (fruit)== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases (fruit)'''
+|- +|Aspergillus rot +|| +''[[Aspergillus flavus]]'' +|- +|Botryodiplodia rot +||''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia theobromae]]'' +|- +|Black rot (water blister) +|| +''[[Chalara paradoxa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Thielaviopsis paradoxa]]''
+''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Fusariosis (gummosis) +|| +''[[Fusarium subglutinans]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans]]'' +|- +|Glassy spoilage +||Yeast species +|- +|Hendersonula fruit rot +|| +''[[Hendersonula toruloidea]]'' +|- +|Interfruitlet corking +|| +''[[Penicillium funiculosum]]'' +|- +|Leathery pocket +|| +''[[Penicillium funiculosum]]'' +|- +|Nigrospora fruit rot +|| +''[[Nigrospora sphaerica]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora +|| +''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]'' +|- +|Rhizopus rot +|| +''[[Rhizopus oryzae]]''
+''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Yeasty fermentation +|| +Yeast species +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| ''' diseases'''
+|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Paratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Paratylenchus elachistus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Paratylenchus minutus]]'' +|- +|Reniform +|| +''[[Rotylenchulus reniformis]]'' +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +|Spiral +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Virus and viruslike diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| ''' diseases'''
+|- +|Mealybug wilt +||Unconfirmed virus/toxin +|- +|Terminal mottle +||Unconfirmed virus/toxin +|- +|Yellow spot +||[[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases or disorders (fruit)== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fruit diseases or disorders (miscellaneous)'''
+|- +|Internal browning +||Physiological (chill injury) +|- +|Radial brown stripe +||Physiological +|- +|Triad rot +||Unknown +|- +|Y-center rot +||Unknown +|- +|Woody fruit +||Genetic +|- +|} + +==See also== +*[[List of foliage plant diseases (Bromeliaceae)]] + +==References== +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Pineapple.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Pineapple]] +[[Category:Pineapples|Disease]] +[[Category:Fruit diseases|Pineapple]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_potato_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_potato_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1115c0f --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_potato_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,368 @@ +{{Short description|Listicle of diseases and disorders in potatoes}} +This is a '''list of diseases and disorders''' found in '''[[potato]]es'''. + +==Bacterial diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial Diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial wilt = brown rot|| +''[[Ralstonia solanacearum]]''
+:{{=}} ''Pseudomonas solanacearum'' +|- +|align='top'|[[Blackleg (potatoes)|Blackleg]] and bacterial soft rot|| +[[Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum|''Pectobacterium carotovorum'' subsp. ''atrosepticum'']]
+:{{=}} ''Erwinia carotovora'' subsp. ''atroseptica'' +[[Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum|''P. c.'' subsp. ''carotovorum'']]
+:{{=}} ''E. c.'' subsp. +''carotovora''
+''[[Pectobacterium chrysanthemi|P. chrysanthemi]]''
+:{{=}} ''E. chrysanthemi'' +''[[Dickeya solani]]'' {{cite web + |title = Major new disease threat to potatoes + |url = http://www.farmersguardian.com/home/arable/major-new-disease-threat-to-potatoes/33800.article + |author = William Surman + |date = 19 August 2010 + |publisher = Farmers Guardian / UBM Information Ltd. + |accessdate = 26 July 2011 + |url-status = dead + |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120318022321/http://www.farmersguardian.com/home/arable/major-new-disease-threat-to-potatoes/33800.article + |archivedate = 18 March 2012 +}} +|- +|Pink eye|| ''[[Pseudomonas fluorescens]]'' +|- +|Ring rot|| +[[Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus|''Clavibacter michiganensis'' subsp. ''sepedonicus'']]
+:{{=}} ''Corynebacterium sepedonicum'' +|- +|[[Common scab]]|| +''[[Streptomyces scabiei]]''
+:{{=}} ''S. scabies'' +''[[Streptomyces acidiscabies|S. acidiscabies]]''
+''[[Streptomyces turgidiscabies|S. turgidiscabies]]'' +|- +|[[Zebra chip]] = [[Psyllid yellows]]?|| +[[Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum|''Candidatus'' Liberibacter solanacearum]] +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Black dot|| +''[[Colletotrichum coccodes]]''
+:{{=}} ''Colletotrichum atramentarium'' +|- +|Brown spot and Black pit|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+:{{=}} ''Alternaria tenuis'' +|- +|Cercospora leaf blotch|| +''[[Mycovellosiella concors]]''
+:{{=}} ''Cercospora concors'' +''[[Cercospora solani|C. solani]]''
+''[[Cercospora solani-tuberosi|C. solani-tuberosi]]'' +|- +|Charcoal rot|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+:{{=}} ''Sclerotium bataticola]'' +|- +|Choanephora blight|| +''[[Choanephora cucurbitarum]]'' +|- +|Common rust|| +''[[Puccinia pittieriana]]'' +|- +|Deforming rust|| +''[[Aecidium cantensis]]'' +|- +|Early blight || +''[[Alternaria solani]]'' +|- +|[[Fusarium dry rot]] +||''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Gibberella pulicaris]]''
+:{{=}} ''F. solani'' +Other spp. include:
+''[[Fusarium avenaceum|F. avenaceum]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum|F. oxysporum]]''
+''[[Fusarium culmorum|F. culmorum]]''
+Less common spp. include:
+''[[Fusarium acuminatum|F. acuminatum]]''
+''[[Fusarium equiseti|F. equiseti]]''
+''[[Fusarium crookwellense|F. crookwellense]]'' +|- +|[[Fusarium wilt]] +||''[[Fusarium]] spp.''
+''[[Fusarium avenaceum|F. avenaceum]]''
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum|F. oxysporum]]''
+[[Fusarium solani f.sp. eumartii|''F. solani'' f. sp. ''eumartii'']] +|- +|Gangrene || +[[Phoma solanicola f. foveata|''Phoma solanicola'' f. ''foveata'']]
+''[[Phoma foveata|Ph. foveata]]''
+:{{=}} ''Ph. exigua var. foveata'' +:{{=}} ''Ph. e. f. sp. foveata'' +[[Phoma exigua var. exigua|''Ph. e.'' var. ''exigua'']] +|- +|Gray mold || +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+:''Botryotinia fuckeliana'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phoma leaf spot || +[[Phoma andigena var. andina|''Ph. andigena'' var. ''andina'']] +|- +|[[Powdery mildew]] || +''[[Erysiphe cichoracearum]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia canker and black scurf || +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+|- +|Rosellinia black rot|| +''[[Rosellinia]]'' sp.{{ Which | date = March 2023 }}
+:''Dematophora'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Septoria leaf spot || +[[Septoria lycopersici var. malagutii|''S. lycopersici'' var. ''malagutii'']] +|- +|Silver scurf|| +''[[Helminthosporium solani]]'' +|- +|Skin spot || +''[[Polyscytalum pustulans]]'' +|- +|Stem rot ([[southern blight]]) || +''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' +|- +|Thecaphora smut|| +''[[Angiosorus solani]]''
+:{{=}} ''Thecaphora solani'' +|- +|Ulocladium blight|| +''[[Ulocladium atrum]]'' +|- +|[[Verticillium wilt]]|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]''
+''[[Verticillium dahliae|V. dahliae]]'' +|- +|Wart|| +''[[Synchytrium endobioticum]]'' +|- +|White mold (=|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|} + +==Protistan diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Protistan diseases'''
+|- +|[[Late blight]] (oomycete)|| +''[[Phytophthora infestans]]''{{Citation|title=Potato and tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans: An overview of pathology and resistance breeding |last=Nowicki|first=Marcin|date=17 August 2011|publisher=Plant Disease, ASP|doi= 10.1094/PDIS-05-11-0458|display-authors=etal|pmid=30731850|volume=96|issue = 1|journal=[[Plant Dis]]|pages=4–17|doi-access=}} +|- +|Leak ([[oomycete]])|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium ultimum var. ultimum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium deliense]]'' +|- +|Pink rot ([[oomycete]])|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora cryptogea]]''
+''[[Phytophthora drechsleri]]''
+''[[Phytophthora erythroseptica]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]'' +|- +|Powdery scab ([[Rhizaria]]) || +''[[Spongospora subterranea f.sp. subterranea]]'' +|- +|} + +==Viral and viroid diseases== +{{main|Viral diseases of potato}} +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Viral and viroid diseases'''
+|- +|Alfalfa mosaic virus||genus [[Alfamovirus]], [[Alfalfa mosaic virus|Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV)]] +|- +|Andean potato latent virus||genus [[Tymovirus]], [[Andean potato latent virus]] (APLV) +|- +|Andean potato mottle virus||genus [[Comovirus]], [[Andean potato mottle virus]] (APMV) +|- +|Arracacha virus B - Oca strain ||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Arracacha virus B]] Oca strain (AVB-O) +|- +|Beet curly top virus||genus [[Curtovirus]], [[Beet curly top virus]] (BCTV) +|- +|Cucumber mosaic virus||genus [[Cucumovirus]], [[Cucumber mosaic virus]] (CMV) +|- +|Eggplant mottle dwarf virus||genus [[Rhabdovirus]], [[Eggplant mottle dwarf virus]] (EMDV) +|- +|Potato aucuba mosaic virus||genus [[Potexvirus]], [[Potato aucuba mosaic virus]] (PAMV) +|- +|Potato black ringspot virus||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Potato black ringspot virus]] (PBRSV) +|- +|Potato deforming mosaic virus||genus [[Geminiviridae]] [[Potato deforming mosaic virus]] subgroup III, (PDMV) +|- +|Potato latent virus||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Potato latent virus]] (PLV) +|- +|Potato leafroll virus||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Potato leafroll virus]] (PLRV) +|- +|Potato mop-top virus ([[spraing]] of tubers)||genus [[Furovirus]], [[Potato mop-top virus]] (PMTV) +|- +|Potato rugose mosaic||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Potato virus Y]] (PVY, strains O, N and C) +|- +|Potato stem mottle ([[spraing]] of tubers)||genus [[Tobravirus]], [[Tobacco rattle virus]] (TRV) +|- +|Potato spindle tuber||[[Potato spindle tuber viroid]] (PSTVd) +|- +|Potato yellow dwarf virus||genus [[Nucleorhabdovirus]], [[Potato yellow dwarf virus]] (PYDV) +|- +|Potato yellow mosaic virus ||genus [[Geminiviridae]], [[Potato yellow mosaic virus]] (PYMV); subgroup III +|- +|Potato yellow vein virus||[[Potato yellow vein virus]] (PYVV) +|- +|Potato yellowing virus||genus [[Alfamovirus]], [[Potato yellowing virus]] (PYV) +|- +|Potato virus A||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Potato virus A]] (PVA) +|- +|Potato virus M||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Potato virus M]] (PVM) +|- +|Potato virus S||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Potato virus S]] (PVS) +|- +|Potato virus H||genus [[Carlavirus]], [[Potato virus H]] (PVH) +|- +|Potato virus T||genus [[Trichovirus]], [[Potato virus T]] +|- +|Potato virus U||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Potato virus U]] (PVU) +|- +|Potato virus V||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Potato virus V]] (PVV) +|- +|Potato virus X||genus [[Potexvirus]], [[Potato virus X]] (PVX) +|- +|Potato virus Y||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Potato virus Y]] (PVY) +|- +|Solanum apical leaf curling virus||[[Geminiviridae]], [[Solanum apical leaf curling virus]] (SALCV) subgroup III +|- +|Sowbane mosaic virus||genus [[Sobemovirus]], [[Sowbane mosaic virus]] (SoMV) +|- +|Tobacco mosaic virus||genus [[Tobamovirus]], [[Tobacco mosaic virus]] (TMV) +|- +|Tobacco necrosis virus||genus [[Necrovirus]], [[Tobacco necrosis virus]] (TNV) +|- +|Tobacco rattle virus||genus [[Tobravirus]], [[Tobacco rattle virus]] (TRV) +|- +|Tobacco streak virus||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Tobacco streak virus]] (TSV) +|- +|Tomato black ring virus||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Tomato black ring virus]] (ToBRV) +|- +|Tomato mosaic virus||genus [[Tobamovirus]], [[Tomato mosaic virus]] (ToMV) +|- +|Tomato spotted wilt virus||genus [[Tospovirus]], [[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] (TSWV) +|- +|Tomato yellow mosaic virus||genus [[Geminiviridae]], [[Tomato yellow mosaic virus]] (ToYMV) subgroup III +|- +|Wild potato mosaic virus||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Wild potato mosaic virus]] (WPMV) +|- +|} + +==Nematode parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Nematode parasitic'''
+|- +|[[Potato cyst nematode]] +|| +''[[Globodera rostochiensis]]''
+''[[Globodera pallida]]'' +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]''
+Other species include:
+''[[Pratylenchus scribneri]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus neglectus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus thornei]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus crenatus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus andinus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus vulnus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]'' +|- +|Potato rot nematode +|| +''[[Ditylenchus destructor]]'' +|- +|Root knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp.
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne chitwoodi]]'' +|- +|Sting nematode +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root nematode +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus]] spp.''
+''[[Trichodorus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasmal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal diseases''' +|- +|Aster yellows||Aster yellows group of phytoplasmas +|- +|Witches'-broom||Witches’ broom phytoplasma +|- +|BLTVA||The beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear:left" +!colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders''' +|- +|Aerial tubers||Phytoplasma infection or anything that constricts the stem, including but not limited to Rhizoctonia canker, heat necrosis, chemical injury, mechanical injury, wind injury +|- +|Air pollution injury||Photochemical oxidants (primarily ozone), sulfur oxides +|- +|Black heart||Oxygen deficiency of internal tuber tissue +|- +|Blackspot bruise||Bruising, pressure contact +|- +|Elephant hide||Roughening of tuber skin due to physiological or environmental causes +|- +|Hollow heart||Excessively rapid tuber enlargement +|- +|Internal brown spot = heat necrosis ||Oxygen deficiency of tuber accompanying high soil temperature +|- +|Jelly end rot||Carbohydrate translocation due to second growth +|- +|Physiological leaf roll||Response to adverse environment +|- +|Psyllid yellows||Toxic saliva of the potato (tomato) psyllid, ''Paratrioza cockerelli'' +|- +|Shatter bruise ||Mechanical damage to tuber +|- +|Skinning ||Mechanical damage to tuber +|- +|Stem-end browning ||Exact cause(s) unknown, chemical injury, viruses or other pathogens. +|- +|} + +==References== + +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Potato.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +* [https://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Potato_List.htm Potato Diseases (Fact Sheets and Information Bulletins), The Cornell Plant Pathology Vegetable Disease Web Page] + +==External links== +* {{cite web|last1=Sparks|first1=Adam|last2=Kennelly|first2=Megan|title=Common Scab of Potato|url=http://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2097/21718/KSUL0009KSREEPPUBSEP148a.pdf|publisher=Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service|accessdate=2018-01-06|date=May 2008}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Potato]] +[[Category:Potato diseases|*]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_rice_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_rice_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..153a6cf --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_rice_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ +{{Short description|Rice disease}} +This article is a list of '''diseases''' of '''[[rice]]''' (''Oryza sativa''). Diseases have historically been one of the major causes of [[Famine|rice shortage]]s.{{cite journal | last=Freedman | first=Amy | title=Rice security in Southeast Asia: beggar thy neighbor or cooperation? | journal=[[The Pacific Review (Routledge journal)|The Pacific Review]] | publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] | volume=26 | issue=5 | year=2013 | pages=433–454 | issn=0951-2748 | doi=10.1080/09512748.2013.842303| s2cid=153573639 }}{{ RP |434}} + +== Bacterial diseases == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| Bacterial diseases
+|- +|Bacterial blight +||[[Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae|''Xanthomonas oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'']] = ''X. campestris'' pv. ''oryzae'' +|- +|Bacterial leaf streak +||[[Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola|''Xanthomonas oryzae'' pv. ''oryzicola'']] +|- +|Foot rot +||''[[Dickeya dadantii]]''/''Erwinia chrysanthemi'' +|- +|Grain rot +||''[[Burkholderia glumae]]'' +|- +|Pecky rice (kernel spotting) + +||Damage by bacteria (see also under fungal and miscellaneous diseases) +|- +|Sheath brown rot +||''[[Pseudomonas fuscovaginae]]'' +|- +|} + +== Fungal diseases == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| Fungal diseases
+|- +|Aggregate sheath +|| +''[[Ceratobasidium oryzae-sativae]]''
+''Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black horse riding + +|| +''[[Curvularia lunata]]''
+''Cochliobolus lunatus'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Blast (leaf, neck [rotten neck], nodal and collar) +|| +''Pyricularia grisea''
+{{=}} ''Pyricularia oryzae''
+''[[Magnaporthe grisea]]''{{Cite journal | pmid = 15846337| year = 2005| last1 = Dean| first1 = R. A.|display-authors=etal|title = The genome sequence of the rice blast fungus ''Magnaporthe grisea'' | journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | volume = 434| issue = 7036| pages = 980–6| doi = 10.1038/nature03449| bibcode = 2005Natur.434..980D| doi-access = free}} [teleomorph] +|- +|Brown spot +|| +''[[Cochliobolus miyabeanus]]''
+''Bipolaris oryzae'' [anamorph] +|- +|Crown sheath rot +|| +''[[Gaeumannomyces graminis]]'' +|- +|Downy mildew +|| +''[[Sclerophthora macrospora]]'' +|- +|Eyespot +|| +''[[Drechslera gigantea]]'' +|- +|False smut +|| +''[[Ustilaginoidea virens]]'' +|- +|Kernel smut +|| +''[[Tilletia barclayana]]''
+{{=}} ''Neovossia horrida'' +|- +|Leaf smut +|| +''[[Entyloma oryzae]]'' +|- +|Leaf scald +|| +''[[Microdochium oryzae]]''
+{{=}} ''Rhynchosporium oryzae'' +|- +|Narrow brown leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora janseana]]''
+{{=}} ''Cercospora oryzae''
+''Sphaerulina oryzina'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Pecky rice (kernel spotting) +|| +Damage by many fungi including
+''[[Cochliobolus miyabeanus]]''
+''[[Curvularia]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium]] spp.''
+''[[Microdochium oryzae]]''
+''[[Sarocladium oryzae]]''
+and other fungi. +|- +|Root rots +|| +''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium dissotocum|P. dissotocum]]''
+''[[Pythium spinosum|P. spinosum]]'' +|- +|{{strike|[[Rust (fungus)|Rust]]}} +|| +Rice is immune to rusts.{{cite news | url=http://ricetoday.irri.org/no-rust-for-rice/ | first=Linda | last=McCandless | date=2011 | title=No rust for rice | journal= [[Rice Today]] | volume=10 | issue=1 | pages=38–39 | publisher=[[CGIAR]]'s Research Program on Rice & [[International Rice Research Institute|IRRI]] (International Rice Research Institute) }} +|- +|Seedling blight +|| +''[[Cochliobolus miyabeanus]]''
+''[[Curvularia]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]''
+and other pathogenic fungi. +|- +|[[Sheath blight]] +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Sheath rot +|| +''[[Sarocladium oryzae]]''
+{{=}} ''Acrocylindrium oryzae'' +|- +|Sheath spot +||''[[Waitea oryzae]]'' +|- +||Stackburn (Alternaria leaf spot) +|| +''[[Alternaria padwickii]]'' +|- +|Stem rot +|| +''[[Magnaporthe salvinii]]''
+''Sclerotium oryzae'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Water-mold (seed-rot and seedling disease) +|| +''[[Achlya conspicua]]''
+''[[Achlya klebsiana|A. klebsiana]]''
+''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium dissotocum|P. dissotocum]]''
+''[[Pythium spinosum|P. spinosum]]'' +|- +|} + +== Viruses == +{{ cite journal | last=Hibino | first=Hiroyuki | title=Biology and Epidemiology of Rice Viruses | journal=[[Annual Review of Phytopathology]] | publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] | volume=34 | issue=1 | year=1996 | issn=0066-4286 | doi=10.1146/annurev.phyto.34.1.249 | pages=249–274 | pmid=15012543 }} +*''[[Rice black-streaked dwarf virus]]'' +*''[[Rice bunchy stunt virus]]'' +*''[[Rice dwarf virus]]'' +*''[[Rice gall dwarf virus]]'' +*''[[Rice giallume virus]]'' +*''[[Rice grassy stunt virus]]'' +*''[[Rice hoja blanca tenuivirus]]'' +*''[[Rice necrosis mosaic virus]]'' +*''[[Rice ragged stunt virus]]'' +*''[[Rice stripe necrosis virus]]'' +*''[[Rice stripe tenuivirus]]'' +*''[[Rice transitory yellowing virus]]'' +*''Rice tungro bacilliform virus'' - see Tungro below +*''Rice tungro spherical virus'' - see Tungro below +*''[[Rice yellow mottle virus]]'' + +== Miscellaneous diseases and disorders == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
+|- +|Alkalinity or salt damage +||Excessive salt concentration in soil or water +|- +|Bronzing +||Zinc deficiency +|- +|Cold injury +||Low temperatures +|-¡↑↓•¶∞ +|Panicle blight +||Cause undetermined +|- +|golden apple snail +||''[[Pomacea canaliculata]]'' +|- +|Pecky rice (kernel spotting) +||Feeding injury by [[rice stink bug]], ''[[Oebalus pugnax]]'' +|- +|{{ Visible anchor|Tungro|text=[[Tungrovirus|Rice tungro]]}} +||Complex virus (''[[Rice tungro bacilliform virus]]'' and ''[[Rice tungro spherical virus]]'') transmitted by green leafhopper ''[[Nephotettix]]'' spp.) +|- +|Straighthead[https://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-1529:1 ''Straighthead of rice and its control''] +||Arsenic induced, unknown physiological disorder +|- +|White tip (see nematodes) +||''[[Aphelenchoides besseyi]]'' +|} + +== See also == +*[[:Category:Insect pests of rice]] +* [[List of rice varieties]] + +== References == +{{reflist|30em|refs= +{{cite web | title=bacterial leaf blight of rice, ''Xanthomonas oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'' Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae | website= [[Invasive.Org]] | url=http://www.invasive.org/browse/subinfo.cfm?sub=11182 | access-date=2021-01-01}} +}} + +== External links == +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Rice.aspx Common Names of Diseases], The American Phytopathological Society (APS) +* [https://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-1529:1 ''Straighthead of rice and its control''] hosted by the [https://digital.library.unt.edu/browse/department/govdocs/ Government Documents Department] of the [[University of North Texas]] (UNT) + +[[Category:Rice diseases|*]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Rice]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_rose_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_rose_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..85dad8b --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_rose_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +#REDIRECT:[[List of pests and diseases of roses]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sorghum_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sorghum_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..59caefa --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sorghum_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,310 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[sorghum]] (''[[Sorghum bicolor]]''). + +== Bacterial == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial leaf spot +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' +|- +|Bacterial leaf streak +||[[Xanthomonas campestris pv. holcicola|''Xanthomonas campestris'' pv. ''holcicola'']] +|- +|Bacterial leaf stripe +||''[[Burkholderia andropogonis]]'' +|- +|} + +== Fungi == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Acremonium wilt +|| +''[[Acremonium strictum]]''
+{{=}} ''Cephalosporium acremonium'' +|- +|Anthracnose (foliar, head, root and stalk rot) +|| +''[[Colletotrichum graminicola]]''
+:''Glomerella graminicola'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Charcoal rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Crazy top downy mildew +|| +''[[Sclerophthora macrospora]]''
+{{=}} ''Sclerospora macrospora'' +|- +|Damping-off and seed rot +|| +''[[Aspergillus]]'' spp.
+''[[Exserohilum]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' spp.
+and other species. +|- +|Ergot +|| +''[[Sphacelia sorghi]]''
+:''Claviceps sorghi'' {{bracket|[[teleomorph]]}} +|- +|Fusarium head blight, root and stalk rot +|| +''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]''
+:''Gibberella fujikuroi'' [teleomorph]
+Other ''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Grain storage mold +|| +''[[Aspergillus]]'' spp.
+''[[Penicillium]]'' spp.
+and other species. +|- +|Gray leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora sorghi]]'' +|- +|Latter leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora fusimaculans]]'' +|- +|Leaf blight +|| +''[[Setosphaeria turcica]]''
+{{=}} ''Exserohilum turcicum'' [anamorph]
+{{=}} ''Helminthosporium turcicum'' +|- +|Milo disease (Periconia root rot) +|| +''[[Periconia circinata]]'' +|- +|Oval leaf spot +|| +''[[Ramulispora sorghicola]]'' +|- +|Pokkah Boeng (twisted top) +|| +''[[Gibberella fujikuroi var. subglutinans]]''
+{{=}} ''Fusarium moniliforme'' var. ''subglutinans'' [anamorph] +|- +|Pythium root rot +|| +''[[Pythium graminicola]]''
+Other ''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Rough leaf spot +|| +''[[Ascochyta sorghi]]'' +|- +|Rust +|| +''[[Puccinia purpurea]]'' +|- +|Seedling blight and seed rot +|| +''[[Colletotrichum graminicola]]''
+''[[Exserohilum turcicum]]''
+''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]''
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+Other ''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +|Smut, covered kernel +|| +''[[Sporisorium sorghi]]''
+{{=}} ''Sphacelotheca sorghi'' +|- +|Smut, head +|| +''[[Sphacelotheca reiliana]]''
+{{=}} ''S. holci-sorghi'' +|- +|Smut, loose kernel +|| +''[[Sporisorium cruentum]]''
+{{=}} ''S. cruenta'' +|- +|Sooty stripe +|| +''[[Ramulispora sorghi]]'' +|- +|Sorghum downy mildew +|| +''[[Peronosclerospora sorghi]]''
+{{=}} ''Sclerospora sorghi'' +|- +|Tar spot +|| +''[[Phyllachora sacchari]]'' +|- +|Target leaf spot +|| +''[[Bipolaris cookei]]''
+{{=}} ''Helminthosporium cookei'' +|- +|Zonate leaf spot and sheath blight +|| +''[[Gloeocercospora sorghi]]'' +|- +|} + +== Nematodes == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Awl +||''[[Dolichodorus]]'' spp. +|- +|Dagger, American +||''[[Xiphinema americanum]]'' +|- +|Lesion +||''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Needle +||''[[Longidorus africanus]]'' and other species +|- +|Pin +||''[[Paratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Reniform +||''[[Rotylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Ring +||''[[Criconemella]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot +||''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|Spiral +||''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Sting +||''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus]]'' spp.
+''[[Paratrichodorus minor]]'' +|- +|Stunt +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Merlinius brevidens]]'' +|- +|} + +== Viruses == +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Maize chlorotic dwarf +||[[Maize chlorotic dwarf virus]] +|- +|Maize dwarf mosaic +||[[Maize dwarf mosaic virus]] +|- +|Sugarcane mosaic +||[[Sugarcane mosaic virus]] +|- +|} + +== Phytoplasma == +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Yellow sorghum stunt +||[[Yellow sorghum stunt phytoplasma]] +|- +|} + +== Insects == +Insect pests include:{{cite book|last=Kalaisekar|first=A|title=Insect pests of millets: systematics, bionomics, and management|publisher=Elsevier|publication-place=London|year=2017|isbn=978-0-12-804243-4|oclc=967265246}} + +=== Root feeders === +*White grubs +**''[[Holotrichia serrata]]'' +**''[[Lachnosterna consanguinea]]'' +*[[wireworm]]s ([[Elateridae]], [[Tenebrionidae]]) +*underground burrowing bugs, ''[[Stibaropus]]'' spp. +*termites +**''[[Odontotermes]]'' spp. +**''[[Microtermes]]'' sp. +*ants +**''[[Monomorium salomonis]]'' +**''[[Pheidole sulcaticeps]]'' + +=== Seedling pests === +*shoot fly, ''[[Atherigona soccata]]'' +*cutworm, ''[[Agrotis ipsilon]]'' + +=== Stem borers and leaf feeders === +*spotted stalk borer, ''[[Chilo partellus]]'' +*pink borer, ''[[Sesamia inferens]]'' +*armyworm, ''[[Mythimna separata]]'' +*''[[Spodoptera exempta]]'' +*caterpillars ''[[Amsacta albistriga]]'', ''[[Amsacta lactinea]]'', ''[[Euproctis virguncula]]'', ''[[Cnaphalocrocis patnalis]]'', and ''[[Mocis frugalis]]'' +*chrysomelid leaf beetles ''[[Chaetocnema indica]]'', ''[[Longitarsus]]'' spp., and ''[[Phyllotreta chotonica]]'' +*ash weevil ''[[Myllocerus undecimpustulatus]] maculosus'' +*grasshoppers, ''[[Nomadacris septemfasciata]]'', ''[[Acrida exaltata]]'', ''[[Aiolopus longicornis]]'', ''[[Aiolopus simulatrix]]'', ''[[Aiolopus thalassinus]]'', ''[[Atractomorpha crenulata]]'', ''[[Chrotogonus hemipterus]]'', ''[[Diabolocatantops axillaris]]'', ''[[Hieroglyphus banian]]'', and ''[[Hieroglyphus nigrorepletus]]'' +*grasshopper ''[[Conocephalus maculatus]]'' (eastern India) +*grasshopper ''[[Hieroglyphus nigrorepletus]]'' (western India) + +=== Sucking pests === +*shoot bug ''[[Peregrinus maidis]]'' (transmits two viral diseases, [[maize mosaic virus]] (MMV) and [[maize stripe virus]] (MStpV)) +*corn aphid ''[[Rhopalosiphum maidis]]'' +*sugarcane leafhopper ''[[Pyrilla perpusilla]]'' +*hemipterous bugs, ''[[Cletus punctiger]]'', ''[[Dolycoris indicus]]'', ''[[Empoasca flavescens]]'', ''[[Lygaeus]]'' spp., ''[[Menida histrio]]'', ''[[Nephotettix virescens]]'', and ''[[Nezara viridula]]'' +*thrips, especially ''[[Caliothrips indicus]]'', ''[[Sorghothrips jonnaphilus]]'' + +=== Earhead pests === +*sorghum midge ''[[Stenodiplosis sorghicola]]'' +*earhead bug ''[[Calocoris angustatus]]'' +*bugs, like ''[[Dysdercus koenigii]]'' and ''[[Nezara viridula]]'' +*lepidopteran caterpillars are found feeding on developing grains: ''[[Autoba silicula]]'', ''[[Cryptoblabes gnidiella]]'', ''[[Cydia]]'' spp., ''[[Conogethes punctiferalis]]'', ''[[Ephestia cautella]]'', ''[[Eublemma]]'' spp., ''[[Euproctis limbata]]'', ''[[Euproctis subnotata]]'', ''[[Helicoverpa armigera]]'' +*maize cob borer ''[[Stenachroia elongella]]'', especially in east India +*beetle species, ''[[Chiloloba acuta]]'', ''[[Mylabris pustulata]]'', and ''[[Cylindrothorax tenuicollis]]'' + +=== Grain pests === +*''[[Sitophilus]]'' spp. (attacks stored grains) + +=== Africa === +The following pest species are reported for sorghum crops in northern [[Mali]].{{cite web| last=Heath |first=Jeffrey |author-link=Jeffrey Heath (linguist) |title=Guide to insects, arthropods, and molluscs of northern Dogon country |url=https://dogonlanguages.org/sources/insectarthropodmolluscnotesmalijh}} + +*''[[Atherigona soccata]]'' (sorghum shoot fly, a major pest): The larvae cut the growing point of the sorghum leaf. +*''[[Agonoscelis pubescens]]'' is also reported as a sorghum pest. +*''[[Busseola fusca]]'' (maize stem-borer; Lepidoptera, [[Noctuidae]]) attacks maize and sorghum, and occurs especially at higher altitudes. It is a common pest in [[East Africa]], but has also spread to [[West Africa]]. +*''[[Chilo partellus]]'' (spotted stem-borer; Lepidoptera, [[Crambidae]]): introduced, from East Africa but spreading. The larvae attack sorghum and maize. Present at low and mid altitudes. +*''[[Contarinia sorghicola]]'' (sorghum midge or ''cecidomyie du sorgho'' in French; Diptera, [[Cecidomyiidae]]): The adult resembles mosquitoes. Larvae feed on developing ovaries of sorghum grains. +*''[[Melanaphis sacchari]]'' (sugar cane aphid) attacks sorghum. + +''[[Sitophilus zeamais]]'' (maize weevil) and ''[[Sitotroga cerealella]]'' (Angoumois grain moth) attack stored sorghum and [[maize]]. + +== See also == +*[[List of insect pests of millets]] +*[[List of pearl millet diseases]] + +== References == +{{reflist}} +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Sorghum.aspx Common Names of Diseases], The [[American Phytopathological Society]] (APS) + + + + + + + + + + + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Sorghum]] +[[Category:Sorghum diseases|*]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_soybean_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_soybean_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bb6c115 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_soybean_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,342 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +[[soybean|Soybean plants]] (''Glycine max'') are subject to a variety of diseases and pests. + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial blight +||''[[Pseudomonas amygdali]]'' pv. ''glycinea'' +|- +||{{Visible anchor|Bacterial pustules}} +||''[[Xanthomonas axonopodis]]'' pv. ''glycines'' {{=}} ''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' pv. ''glycines'' {{=}} ''[[Xanthomonas citri]]'' pv. ''glycines'' +|- +|Bacterial tan spot +||''Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens'' pv. ''flaccumfaciens'' = ''Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens'' pv. ''flaccumfaciens'' +|- +|Bacterial wilt +||''[[Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens]]'' pv. ''flaccumfaciens''
+''[[Ralstonia solanacearum]]'' = ''Pseudomonas solanacearum'' +|- +|Wildfire +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''tabaci'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|- +|Alternaria leaf spot +|| +''[[Alternaria]]'' spp.{{citation needed|reason=Article link provides no evidence of this species infecting soybeans|date=March 2016}} +|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Colletotrichum truncatum]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum dematium f. truncatum]]''
+''[[Glomerella glycines]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum destructivum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black leaf blight +|| +''[[Arkoola nigra]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +|| +''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]''
+''[[Chalara elegans]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Brown spot +|| +''[[Septoria glycines]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella usoenskajae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Brown stem rot +|| +''[[Phialophora gregata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cephalosporium gregatum]]'' +|- +|Charcoal rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Choanephora leaf blight +|| +''[[Choanephora infundibulifera]]''
+''[[Choanephora trispora]]'' +|- +|Damping-off +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium myriotylum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Downy mildew +|| +''[[Peronospora manshurica]]'' +|- +|Drechslera blight +|| +''[[Drechslera glycines]]'' +|- +|Frogeye leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora sojina]]'' +|- +|Fusarium root rot {{citation needed|reason=Article link provides no evidence of this species infecting soybeans|date=March 2016}} +|| +''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Leptosphaerulina leaf spot +|| +''[[Leptosphaerulina trifolii]]'' +|- +|Mycoleptodiscus root rot +|| +''[[Mycoleptodiscus terrestris]]'' +|- +|Neocosmospora stem rot +|| +''[[Neocosmospora vasinfecta]]''
+''[[Acremonium]]'' spp. [anamorph]{{citation needed|reason=Article link provides no evidence of this species infecting soybeans|date=March 2016}} +|- +|Phomopsis seed decay +|| +''[[Phomopsis]]'' spp. +|- +|Phytophthora root and stem rotPratt, Phillip W. [http://pods.dasnr.okstate.edu/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-2311/EPP-7660web.pdf Common Soybean Diseases in Oklahoma], Oklahoma State University, 2003. +|| +''[[Phytophthora sojae]]'' +|- +|Phyllosticta leaf spot +|| +''[[Phyllosticta sojaecola]]'' +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot = cotton root rot +|| +''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]''{{citation needed|reason=Article link provides no evidence of this species infecting soybeans|date=March 2016}} +|- +|Pod and stem blight +|| +''[[Diaporthe phaseolorum]]''
+''[[Phomopsis sojae]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Microsphaera diffusa]]'' +|- +|Purple seed stain +|| +''[[Cercospora kikuchii]]'' +|- +|Pyrenochaeta leaf spot +|| +''[[Pyrenochaeta glycines]]'' +|- +|Pythium rot +|| +''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium myriotylum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Red crown rot +|| +''[[Cylindrocladium crotalariae]]''
+''[[Calonectria crotalariae]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Red leaf blotch = Dactuliophora leaf spot +|| +''[[Dactuliochaeta glycines]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pyrenochaeta glycines]]''
+''[[Dactuliophora glycines]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Rhizoctonia aerial blight +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Rhizoctonia root and stem rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Rust +|| +''[[Phakopsora pachyrhizi]]'' +|- +|Scab +|| +''[[Spaceloma glycines]]'' +|- +|Sclerotinia stem rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Southern blight (damping-off and stem rot) = Sclerotium blight +|| + +''[[Agroathelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Stem canker +|| +''[[Diaporthe phaseolorum]]''
+''[[Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora]]''
+''[[Phomopsis phaseoli]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Stemphylium leaf blight +|| +''[[Stemphylium botryosum]]''
+''[[Pleospora tarda]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Sudden death syndrome +|| +''[[Fusarium solani f.sp. glycines]]'' +|- +|Target spot +|| +''[[Corynespora cassiicola]]'' +|- +|Yeast spot +||''[[Nematospora coryli]]'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic''' +|- +|- +|Lance nematode +|| +''[[Hoplolaimus columbus]]''
+''[[Hoplolaimus galeatus]]''
+''[[Hoplolaimus magnistylus]]'' +|- +|Lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Pin nematode +|| +''[[Paratylenchus projectus]]''
+''[[Paratylenchus tenuicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Reniform nematode +|| +''[[Rotylenchulus reniformis]]'' +|- +|Ring nematode +|| +''[[Criconemella ornata]]'' +|- +|Root-knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +|Sheath nematode +|| +''[[Hemicycliophora]]'' spp. +|- +|Soybean cyst nematode +|| +''[[Heterodera glycines]]'' +|- +|Spiral nematode +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Sting nematode +|| +''[[Belonolainus gracilis]]''
+''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby root nematode +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus minor]]'' +|- +|Stunt nematode +|| +''[[Quinisulcius acutus]]''
+''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Alfalfa mosaic +||genus [[Alfamovirus]], [[Alfalfa mosaic virus|Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV)]]{{citation needed|reason=Article link provides no evidence of this species infecting soybeans|date=March 2016}} +|- +|Bean pod mottle +||genus [[Comovirus]], [[Bean pod mottle virus]] (BPMV) +|- +|Bean yellow mosaic +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Bean yellow mosaic virus]] (BYMV) +|- +|Brazilian bud blight +||genus [[Ilarvirus]], [[Tobacco streak virus]] (TSV) +|- +|Cowpea chlorotic mottle +||genus [[Bromovirus]], [[Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus]] (CCMV){{citation needed|reason=Article link provides no evidence of this species infecting soybeans|date=March 2016}} +|- +|Mung bean yellow mosaic +||genus [[Begomovirus]], [[Mung bean yellow mosaic virus]] (MYMV) +|- +|Peanut mottle +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Peanut mottle virus]] (PeMoV) +|- +|Peanut stripe +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Peanut stripe virus]] (PStV){{citation needed|reason=Article link provides no evidence of this species infecting soybeans|date=March 2016}} +|- +|Peanut stunt +||genus [[Cucumovirus]], [[Peanut stunt virus]] (PSV) +|- +|Soybean chlorotic mottle +||genus [[Caulimovirus]], [[Soybean chlorotic mottle virus]] (SbCMV) +|- +||Soybean crinkle leaf +||genus [[Begomovirus]], [[Soybean crinkle leaf virus]] (SCLV) +|- +|Soybean dwarf +||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Soybean dwarf virus]] (SbDV) +|- +|Soybean mosaic +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Soybean mosaic virus]] (SMV) +|- +|Soybean severe stunt +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Soybean severe stunt virus]] (SSSV) +|- +|Tobacco ringspot = bud blight +||genus [[Nepovirus]], [[Tobacco ringspot virus]] (TRSV){{citation needed|reason=Article link provides no evidence of this species infecting soybeans|date=March 2016}} +|- +|} + +== See also == + +* [[Soybean management practices]] + +==References== +{{reflist}} +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Soybean.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{Soy}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Soybean]] +[[Category:Pulse crop diseases]] +[[Category:Soybean diseases]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_spinach_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_spinach_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..91700b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_spinach_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +{{no footnotes|date=June 2016}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[spinach]] (''Spinacia oleracea''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|[[Bacterial leaf spot]] +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''spinacea'' +|- +|[[Bacterial soft rot]] +||''Erwinia carotovora'' +|- +|Witches’-broom +||Rickettsia-like organism +|- +|} + +==Fungal and Oomycete diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Colletotrichum dematium]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Colletotrichum spinaciae]]'' +|- +|Aphanomyces root rot +|| +''[[Aphanomyces cochlioides]]''
+''[[Aphanomyces cladogamus]]'' +|- +|Cercospora leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora beticola]]'' +|- +|Damping-off +|| +''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Downy mildew = blue mold +|| +''[[Peronospora effusa]]'' +|- +|Fusarium wilt +|| +''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. spinacia]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +|| +''[[Alternaria]]'' spp.
+''[[Ascochyta spinaciae]]''
+''[[Cercospora]]'' spp.
+''[[Cladosporium]]'' spp.
+''[[Myrothecium]]'' spp.
+''[[Phyllosticta]]'' spp.
+''[[Ramularia spinaciae]]''
+Other fungi +|- +|Phoma blight +|| +''[[Phoma nebulosa]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora root rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora cryptogea]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]'' +|- +|Pythium root rot +|| +''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium heterothallicum]]''
+''[[Pythium sylvaticum]]'' +|- +|Red rust +|| +''[[Puccinia aristidae]]''
+''[[Aecidium caspicum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Seed mold +|| +''[[Alternaria]]'' spp.
+''[[Curvularia]]'' spp.
+Other fungi +|- +|White rust +|| +''[[Albugo occidentalis]]'' +|- +|White smut +|| +''[[Entyloma ellisii]]'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Beet cyst nematode +||''[[Heterodera schachtii]]'' +|- +|Clover cyst nematode +||''[[Heterodera trifolii]]'' +|- +|Root knot +||''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|Root lesion +||''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Curly top +||genus [[Hybrigeminivirus]], [[Beet curly top virus]] (BCTV)
+|- +|Speckles +||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Beet western yellows virus]] (BWYV)
+genus [[Umbravirus]], [[Lettuce speckles mottle virus]] (LSMV) +|- +|Spinach blight +||genus [[Fabavirus]], [[Broad bean wilt virus]] (BBWV)
+genus [[Cucumovirus]], [[Cucumber mosaic virus]] (CMV)
+Other viruses +|- +|Spinach mosaic +||genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Beet mosaic virus]] (BtMV)
+genus [[Tobamovirus]], [[Tobacco mosaic virus]] (TMV)
+Other viruses +|- +|Yellow dwarf +||Unidentified virus +|- +|Yellows +||genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Beet western yellows virus]] (BWYV)
+genus [[Cucumovirus]], [[Cucumber mosaic virus]] (CMV)
+genus [[Tospovirus]], [[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] (TSWV)
+genus [[Potyvirus]], [[Turnip mosaic virus]] (TuMV) +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasmal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|[[Aster yellows]] +||Phytoplasma +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Heart-leaf disorder +||Low light, wide diurnal air temperature fluctuations, low soil temperatures +|- +|Leaf necrosis and scorch +||Ozone and other air pollutants +|- +|Tip burn +||Unknown +|- +|Yellows +||Nutritional disorders +|- +|} + +== References == +{{reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Spinach.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{DEFAULTSORT:Spinach}} +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases]] +[[Category:Leaf vegetable diseases]] +[[Category:Spinach]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_strawberry_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_strawberry_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..762b08c --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_strawberry_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[strawberry]] (''Fragaria × ananassa''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Angular leaf spot +||''[[Xanthomonas fragariae]]'' +|- +|Bacterial wilt +||''[[Pseudomonas solanacearum]]'' +|- +|Cauliflower disease (complex) +||''[[Rhodococcus fascians]]'' = ''Corynebacterium fascians''
+|- +|} + +==Oomycete diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Oomycete diseases'''
+|- +|Downy mildew +||''[[Peronospora potentillae]]'' {{=}} ''[[Peronospora fragariae]]''
+|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +[[Image:Mycosphaerella fragariae.jpg|right|thumb|older stadium of ''[[Mycosphaerella fragariae]]'' on strawberry]] +[[Image:Aardbei Lambada vruchtrot Botrytis cinerea.jpg|right|thumb|''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' on strawberry]] +[[Image:Strawberry_powdery_mildew.jpg|thumbnail|Powdery mildew on strawberry]] + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria fruit rot +|| +''[[Alternaria tenuissima]]'' +|- +|Anther and pistil blight +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia fragariae]]''
+''[[Ceratobasidium]]'' sp. [teleomorph] +|- +|Anthracnose and anthracnose fruit rot and black spot{{Cite journal|last1=Dowling|first1=Madeline|last2=Peres|first2=Natalia|last3=Villani|first3=Sara|last4=Schnabel|first4=Guido|date=2020|title=Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops: A "Complex" Challenge|url=https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE|journal=Plant Disease|language=en|volume=104|issue=9|pages=2301–2316|doi=10.1094/PDIS-11-19-2378-FE|pmid=32689886 |s2cid=219479598 |issn=0191-2917|doi-access=free}} +|| +''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Damm|first1=U.|last2=Cannon|first2=P. F.|last3=Woudenberg|first3=J. H. C.|last4=Crous|first4=P. W.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|series=complex species or species complexes?|language=en|volume=73|pages=37–113|doi=10.3114/sim0010|issn=0166-0616|pmc=3458416|pmid=23136458}} + +* ''[[Colletotrichum fioriniae|C. fioriniae]]'' +* ''C. nymphaeae'' + +''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [[species complex]]{{Cite journal|last1=Weir|first1=B. S.|last2=Johnston|first2=P. R.|last3=Damm|first3=U.|date=2012|title=The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex|journal=Studies in Mycology|series=complex species or species complexes?|language=en|volume=73|pages=115–180|doi=10.3114/sim0011|issn=0166-0616|pmc=3458417|pmid=23136459}} + +* ''[[Colletotrichum fragariae|C. fragariae]]'' +* ''C. fructicola'' +* ''C. siamense'' (syn. ''C. murrayae'') + +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph] (archaic)
''[[Gloeosporium]]'' spp. (archaic) +|- +|Armillaria crown and root rot (shoestring crown and root rot) +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]''
+''[[Rhizomorpha subcorticalis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black leaf spot +||''[[Alternaria alternata f.sp. fragariae]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Colletotrichum fragariae]]'' +|- +|Black root rot (disease complex) +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia fragariae]]''
+''[[Ceratobasidium]]'' [teleomorph] sp.
+''[[Coniothyrium fuckelii]]''
+''[[Diapleella coniothyrium]]'' [teleomorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Leptosphaeria coniothyrium]]''
+''[[Hainesia lythri]]''
+''[[Discohainesia oenotherae]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Idriella lunata]]''
+''[[Pyrenochaeta]]'' sp.
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Cercospora leaf spot +|| +''[[Cercospora fragariae]]''
+''[[Cercospora vexans]]'' +|- +|Charcoal rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia phaseoli]]'' +|- +|Common leaf spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella fragariae]]''
+''[[Ramularia brunnea]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Coniothyrium diseases +|| +''[[Coniothyrium fuckelii]]''
+''[[Coniella fragariae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Coniothyrium fragariae]]'' +|- +|Dematophora crown and root rot (white root rot) +|| +''[[Rosellinia necatrix]]''
+''[[Dematophora necatrix]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Diplodina rot (leaf and stalk rot) +|| +''[[Phoma lycopersici]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodina lycopersici]]''
+''[[Didymella lycopersici]]'' [teleomorph] +|- + +|Fruit rots (in addition to those appearing elsewhere in this listing) +|| +''[[Aspergillus niger]]''
+''[[Cladosporium]]'' spp.
+''[[Mucor mucedo]]''
+''[[Mucor hiemalis]]''
+''[[Mucor hiemalis f. silvaticus]]''
+''[[Mucor piriformis]]''
+''[[Penicillium aurantiogriseum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Penicillium cyclopium]]''
+''[[Penicillium expansum]]''
+''[[Penicillium glabrum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Penicillium frequentans]]''
+''[[Penicillium purpurogenum]]'' +|- +|Byssochlamys rot +|| +''[[Byssochlamys fulva]]''
+''[[Paecilomyces fulvus]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Brown cap +|| +Foliar pathogens which attack cap-drying +|- +|Fruit blotch +|| +''[[Fusarium sambucinum]]'' +''[[Gibberella pulicaris]]''[teleomorph]
+''[[Penicillium purpurogenum]]''
+''[[Peronospora potentillae]]''
+''[[Sphaeropsis malorum]]''
+''[[Botryosphaeria obtusa]]'' [teleomorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora obtusa]]''
+''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Schizoparme straminea]]''
+''[[Coniella castaneicola]]'' [anamorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Pilidiella quercicola]]'' +|- +|Gray mold leaf blight and dry crown rot +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''Botryotinia fuckeliana'' (teleomorph) +|- +|Hainesia leaf spot +|| +''[[Hainesia lythri]]'' +|- +|Hard brown rot
+|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +''[[Rhizoctonia solani|Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Macrophomina phaseoli]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizoctonia bataticola]]'' +|- +|Leaf blotch +|| +''[[Gnomonia comari]]''
+''[[Zythia fragariae]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Gnomonia fragariae]]'' +|- +|Leaf rust +|| +''[[Phragmidium potentillae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Frommea obtusa]]'' +|- +|Leaf scorch +|| +''[[Diplocarpon earlianum]]''
+''[[Marssonina fragariae]]'' [anamorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Marssonina potentillae]]'' +|- +|Leather rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citricola]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citrophthora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]'' +|- +|Lilac soft rot +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' sp. +|- +|Pestalotia fruit rot +|| +''[[Pestalotia laurocerasi]]''
+''[[Pestalotia longisetula]]'' +|- +|Leaf blight +|| +''[[Phomopsis obscurans]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Dendrophoma obscurans]]''
+''[[Neopestalotiopsis clavispora]]''{{cn|date=March 2023}} +|- +|Postharvest rots +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Mucor mucedo]]''
+''[[Pichia membranifaciens]]''
+''[[Pichia subpelliculosa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Hansenula subpelliculosa]]''
+''[[Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]''
+''[[Saccharomyces kluyveri]]''
+''[[Zygosaccharomyces bailii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Saccharomyces bailii]]''
+''[[Zygotorulaspora florentina]]''
+{{=}} ''Saccharomyces florentinus'', ''Zygosaccharomyces florentinus'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Podosphaera fragariae]]''
+unknown ''[[Podosphaera]]'' (Americas) +|- +|Phytophthora crown and root rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' sp.
+''[[Phytophthora cactorum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citricola]]''
+''[[Phytophthora citrophthora]]''
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]''
+''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]'' +|- +! colspan=2|Other root rots +|- +|Botrytis crown rot +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Gray sterile fungus root rot +|| +''[[Phoma terrestris]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pyrenochaeta terrestris]]'' +|- +|Idriella root rot +|| +''[[Idriella lunata]]'' +|- +|Macrophomina root rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Olpidium root infection +|| +''[[Olpidium brassicae]]'' +|- +|Synchytrium root gall +|| +''[[Synchytrium fragariae]]'' +|- +|Purple leaf spot +|| +''[[Mycosphaerella louisianae]]'' +|- +|Red stele +|| +''[[Phytophthora fragariae]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia bud and crown rot, leaf blight, web blight, fruit rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia fragariae]]'' +|- +|Rhizopus rot (leak) +|| +''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Sclerotinia crown and fruit rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Septoria hard rot and leaf spot +|| +''[[Septoria fragariae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Septogloeum potentillae]]''
+''[[Septoria aciculosa]]''
+''[[Septoria fragariaecola]]'' +|- +|Stunt (Pythium root rot) +|| +''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium acanthicum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium dissotocum]]''
+''[[Pythium hypogynum]]''
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]''
+''[[Pythium middletonii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pythium proliferum]]''
+''[[Pythium myriotylum]]''
+''[[Pythium perniciosum]]''
+''[[Pythium rostratum]]''
+''[[Pythium sylvaticum]]'' +|- +|Southern blight (Sclerotium rot) +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +|- +|Stem-end rot +|| +''[[Gnomonia comari]]'' +|- +|Tan-brown rot (of fruit) +||Pilidium lythri (previously known as Pilidium concavum) +''[[Discohainesia oenotherae]]''
+''[[Hainesia lythri]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Patellina fragariae]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Verticillium wilt +|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]''
+''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Pith necrosis and crown death +||Unknown +|- +|Rapid death +||Unknown, resembles ''P. cactorum'' +|- +|Slime molds +||''[[Diachea leucopodia]]''
+''Physarum cinereum'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Bulb and stem +|| +''[[Ditylenchus dipsaci]]'' +|- +|Dagger +|| +''[[Xiphenema]]'' spp. +|- +|Dagger, American +|| +''[[Xiphenema americanum]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus pratensis]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus scribneri]]'' +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp.
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]'' +|- +|Spring dwarf (crimp) or [[foliar nematodes]] +|| +''[[Aphelenchoides fragariae]]''
+''[[Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi]]'' +|- +|Sting +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]''
+''[[Belonolaimus gracilis]]'' +|- +|Summer dwarf (crimp) +|| +''[[Aphelenchoides besseyi]]'' +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasma, Virus and virus-like diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Virus and virus-like diseases'''
+|- +! colspan=2|Aphid-transmitted +|- +|Strawberry chlorotic fleck +||Strawberry chlorotic fleck (graft-transmissible agent of unknown relationship) +|- +|Strawberry crinkle +||[[Strawberry crinkle virus]] (SCV) (cytoplasmic rhabdovirus) +|- +|Strawberry latent C virus in Fragaria +||Strawberry latent C virus (SLCV) (nuclear rhabdovirus) +|- +|Strawberry mild yellow-edge +||[[Strawberry mild yellow-edge virus]] (SMYEV) (plus an unnamed potexvirus) +|- +|Strawberry mottle +||[[Strawberry mottle virus]] (SMV) (Relationship unknown) +|- +|Strawberry pseudo mild yellow-edge +||[[Strawberry pseudo mild yellow-edge virus]] (SPMYEV) (carlavirus) +|- +|Strawberry vein banding +||[[Strawberry vein banding virus]] (SVBV) (caulimovirus) +|- +! colspan=2|Leafhopper-transmitted phytoplasma and rickettsia-like agents (vectors known or probable): +|- +|Aster yellows +||[[Aster yellows]] phytoplasma +|- +|Maladie du bord jaune +||[[phytoplasma]] +|- +|Strawberry green petal +||Strawberry green petal phytoplasma +|- +|Strawberry lethal decline +||Strawberry lethal decline phytoplasma +|- +|Strawberry multiplier plant +||Strawberry Multiplier MLO +|- +|Strawberry mycoplasma yellows disease +||Strawberry yellows phytoplasma +|- +|Strawberry rickettsia yellows disease +||Strawberry yellows rickettsia-like organism (SYRLO) +|- +|Strawberry witches'-broom +||Strawberry witches'-broom MLO +|- +! colspan=2|Nematode-transmitted +|- +|Arabis mosaic virus +||[[Arabis mosaic virus]] (ArMV) (nepovirus) +|- +|Raspberry ringspot virus +||[[Raspberry ringspot virus]] (nepovirus) +|- +|Strawberry latent ringspot virus +||[[Strawberry latent ringspot virus]] (SLRV) (nepovirus) +|- +|Tomato black ring virus +||[[Tomato black ring virus]] (TomBRV) (nepovirus) +|- +|Tomato ringspot virus +||[[Tomato ringspot virus]] (TomRSV) (nepovirus) +|- +! colspan=2|Fungus-transmitted +|- +|Tobacco necrosis virus in Fragaria vesca +||[[Tobacco necrosis virus]] (TNV) (necrovirus) +|- +! colspan=2|Pollen-transmitted +|- +|Strawberry pallidosis +||Strawberry pallidosis (graft- and pollen-transmissible agent of unknown relationship) +|- +! colspan=2|Thrips-transmitted +|- +|Strawberry necrotic shock +||Tobacco streak virus, strawberry strain (TSV-SNS) ([[Ilarvirus]]) +|- +! colspan="2" |Vectors unknown +|- +|Strawberry leafroll +||Strawberry leafroll (graft-transmissible agent(s) of unknown relationship +|- +|Strawberry feather-leaf +|Strawberry feather-leaf (graft-transmissible agent of unknown relationship +|- +! colspan="2" |Non-graft transmissible virus-like disease +|- +|Strawberry June yellows +|Genetically transmitted disorder of unknown cause +|- +|} + +==See also== +* [[List of strawberry topics]] + +==References== +{{Reflist}} +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Strawberry.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +{{fragaria}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Strawberry]] +[[Category:Strawberry diseases|*]] +[[Category:Strawberries|Diseases]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sugarcane_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sugarcane_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ecd4bae --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sugarcane_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,348 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a list of diseases of [[sugarcane]] (''Saccharum'' spp. hybrids). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Gumming disease +||''[[Xanthomonas axonopodis]]'' pv. ''vasculorum'' +|- +|Leaf scald +||''[[Xanthomonas albilineans]]'' +|- +|Mottled stripe +||''[[Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans]]'' +|- +|Ratoon stunting disease +||''[[Leifsonia|Leifsonia xyli]]'' subsp. ''xyli'' +|- +|Red stripe (top rot) +||''[[Acidovorax avenae]]'' subsp. ''avenae'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Banded sclerotial (leaf) disease +|| +''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pellicularia sasakii]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Black rot +|| +''[[Ceratocystis adiposa]]''
+''[[Chalara]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Black stripe +|| +''[[Cercospora atrofiliformis]]'' +|- +|Brown spot +|| +''[[Cercospora longipes]]'' +|- +|Brown stripe +|| +''[[Cochliobolus stenospilus]]''
+''[[Bipolaris stenospila]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Downy mildew +|| +''[[Peronosclerospora sacchari]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Sclerospora sacchari]]'' +|- +|Downy mildew, leaf splitting form +|| +''[[Peronosclerospora miscanthi]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Sclerospora mischanthi]]''
+''[[Mycosphaerella striatiformans]]'' +|- +|Eye spot +|| +''[[Bipolaris sacchari]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium sacchari]]'' +|- +|Fusarium sett and stem rot +|| +''[[Gibberella fujikuroi]]''
+''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Gibberella subglutinans]]'' +|- +|Iliau +|| +''[[Clypeoporthe iliau]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Gnomonia iliau]]''
+''[[Phaeocytostroma iliau]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Leaf blast +|| +''[[Didymosphaeria taiwanensis]]'' +|- +|Leaf blight +|| +''[[Leptosphaeria taiwanensis]]''
+''[[Stagonospora tainanensis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Leaf scorch. +|| +''[[Stagonospora sacchari]]'' +|- +|Marasmius sheath and shoot blight +|| +''[[Marasmiellus stenophyllus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Marasmius stenophyllus]]'' +|- +|Myriogenospora leaf binding (tangle top) +|| +''[[Myriogenospora aciculispora]]'' +|- +|Phyllosticta leaf spot +|| +''[[Phyllosticta hawaiiensis]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora rot of cuttings +|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora megasperma]]'' +|- +|Pineapple disease +|| +''[[Ceratocystis paradoxa]]''
+''[[Chalara paradoxa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Thielaviopsis paradoxa]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Pokkah boeng (that may have knife cut symptoms) +|| +''[[Gibberella fujikuroi]]''
+''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Gibberella subglutinans]]'' +|- +|Red leaf spot (purple spot) +|| +''[[Dimeriella sacchari]]'' +|- +|Red rot +|| +''[[Glomerella tucumanensis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Physalospora tucumanensis]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum falcatum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Red rot of leaf sheath and sprout rot +|| +''[[Athelia rolfsii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pellicularia rolfsii]]''
+''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Red spot of leaf sheath +|| +''[[Mycovellosiella vaginae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercospora vaginae]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia sheath and shoot rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +|Rind disease (sour rot) +|| +''[[Phaeocytostroma sacchari]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pleocyta sacchari]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Melanconium sacchari]]'' +|- +|Ring spot +|| +''[[Leptosphaeria sacchari]]''
+''[[Phyllosticta]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Root rots +|| +''[[Marasmius sacchari]]''
+''[[Pythium arrhenomanes]]''
+''[[Pythium graminicola]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia]]'' sp.
+Unidentified Oomycete +|- +|Rust, common +|| +''[[Puccinia melanocephala]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Puccinia erianthi]]'' +|- +|Rust, orange +|| +''[[Puccinia kuehnii]]'' +|- +|Schizophyllum rot +|| +''[[Schizophyllum commune]]'' +|- +|Sclerophthora disease +|| +''[[Sclerophthora macrospora]]'' +|- +|Seedling blight +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+''[[Bipolaris sacchari]]''
+''[[Cochliobolus hawaiiensis]]''
+''[[Bipolaris hawaiiensis]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Cochliobolus lunatus]]''
+''[[Curvularia lunata]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Curvularia senegalensis]]''
+''[[Setosphaeria rostrata]]''
+''[[Exserohilum rostratum]]'' [anamorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Drechslera halodes]]'' +|- +|Sheath rot +|| +''[[Cytospora sacchari]]'' +|- +|[[Sugarcane smut|Smut, culmicolous]] +|| +''[[Ustilago scitaminea]]'' +|- +|Target blotch +|| +''[[Helminthosporium]] sp.'' +|- +|Veneer blotch +|| +''[[Deightoniella papuana]]'' +|- +|White rash +|| +''[[Elsinoë sacchari]]''
+''[[Sphaceloma sacchari]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Wilt +|| +''[[Fusarium sacchari]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cephalosporium sacchari]]'' +|- +|Yellow spot +|| +''[[Mycovellosiella koepkei]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercospora koepkei]]'' +|- +|Zonate leaf spot +|| +''[[Gloeocercospora sorghi]]'' +|- +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +|Bud proliferation +||Undetermined +|- +|Bunch top +||Undetermined +|- +|Cluster stool +||Undetermined +|- +|Internal stalk necrosis +||Undetermined +|- +|Leaf freckle +||Undetermined +|- +|Leaf stipple +|| +|- +|Multiple buds +||Undetermined +|- +|Stem galls +||Undetermined +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|Spiral +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Rotylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Scutellonema]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Dwarf +||[[Sugarcane dwarf virus]] +|- +|Fiji disease +||[[Sugarcane Fiji disease virus]] +|- +|Mosaic +||[[Sugarcane mosaic virus]] +|- +|Sereh +||[[Sugarcane sereh disease]] (virus presumed) +|- +|Streak disease +||[[Maize streak virus]], sugarcane strain +|- +|Yellow Leaf +||Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus +|-stem canker +|} + +== Protozoan diseases == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan="2" |'''Protozoan diseases'''
+|- +|Chlorotic streak +||''Phytocercomonas venanatans''{{Cite journal|last1=Ngo|first1=Chuong N.|last2=Braithwaite|first2=Kathryn S.|last3=Bass|first3=David|last4=Young|first4=Anthony J.|last5=Croft|first5=Barry J.|date=April 2018|title=Phytocercomonas venanatans, a New Species of Cercozoa Associated with Chlorotic Streak of Sugarcane|journal=Phytopathology|volume=108|issue=4|pages=479–486|doi=10.1094/phyto-07-17-0237-r|pmid=29256830|issn=0031-949X|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=Braithwaite|first1=Kathryn S.|last2=Ngo|first2=Chuong N.|last3=Croft|first3=Barry J.|date=April 2018|title=Confirmation that the Novel Cercozoa Phytocercomonas venanatans Is the Cause of the Disease Chlorotic Streak in Sugarcane|journal=Phytopathology|volume=108|issue=4|pages=487–494|doi=10.1094/phyto-07-17-0236-r|pmid=29153051|issn=0031-949X|doi-access=free}} +|} + +== Phytoplasma diseases == + +[[Phytoplasma]]s were previously known as 'mycoplasma-like organisms' (MLOs).{{Cite journal|doi=10.1094/PDIS-91-11-1413|title=Molecular and Symptom Analysis Reveal the Presence of New Phytoplasmas Associated with Sugarcane Grassy Shoot Disease in India|year=2007|last1=Nasare|first1=Kanchan|last2=Yadav|first2=Amit|last3=Singh|first3=Anil K.|last4=Shivasharanappa|first4=K. B.|last5=Nerkar|first5=Y. S.|last6=Reddy|first6=V. S.|journal=Plant Disease|volume=91|issue=11|pages=1413–1418|pmid=30780751|doi-access=free}}Rao, G. P. and Ford, R. E. (2000) Vectors of virus and Phytoplasma diseases of Sugarcane: An Overview. In: Sugarcane Pathology, Vol. III. Virus and Phytoplasma diseases, G.P. Rao, R.E. Ford, M. Tosic and D.S. Teakle (Eds) Science Publishers, Hamshere, USA, Pg: 265-314. + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasma diseases'''
+|- +| [[Sugarcane Grassy Shoot Disease|Grassy Shoot]] (SCGS),
[[Leaf Chlorosis]],
Early Bud Sprouting,
+|| [[Phytoplasma|Sugarcane Grassy Shoot Phytoplasma]] related to '[[Candidatus Phytoplasma sacchari]]',{{cite journal |last1=Kirdat |first1=K |last2=Tiwarekar |first2=B |last3=Thorat |first3=V |last4=Sathe |first4=S |last5=Shouche |first5=Y |last6=Yadav |first6=A |title='''Candidatus'' Phytoplasma sacchari', a novel taxon - associated with Sugarcane Grassy Shoot (SCGS) disease. |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |date=January 2021 |volume=71 |issue=1 |doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.004591 |pmid=33289626|s2cid=227948269 |doi-access=free }} +|- +|} + +== Unsure causal agent diseases == +* [[Ramu stunt disease]], a disease widespread throughout Papua New Guinea, but not detected in Australia + +==References== +{{Reflist}} + +== External links == +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Sugarcane.aspx Common Names of Diseases: Sugarcane diseases], The American Phytopathological Society +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090411060527/http://www.ikisan.com/links/ap_sugarcaneDisease%20Management.shtml List of Sugarcane Diseases], Ikisan agricultural portal +* [http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/topic_sugarcane_diseases Diseases in Sugarcane], Sugarcane Handbook, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences + +{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Sugarcane Diseases}} +[[Category:Sugarcane diseases| ]] +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Sugarcane]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sunflower_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sunflower_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ea7479b --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sunflower_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[sunflower]]s (''Helianthus annuus'') and [[jerusalem artichoke]] (''H. tuberosus''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Apical chlorosis +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''tagetis'' +|- +|Bacterial leaf spot +|''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''aptata''
+''[[Pseudomonas cichorii|P. cichorii]]''
+''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''helianthi''
+''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''mellea''
+|- +|Bacterial wilt +||''[[Pseudomonas solanacearum]]'' +|- +|Crown gall +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|Erwinia stalk rot and head rot +||''Erwinia carotovora'' subsp. ''carotovora'' +''E. carotovora'' subsp. ''atroseptica'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +[[Image:Verticillium dahliae.jpg|thumb|[[Verticillium dahliae]] infecting sunflower]] +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Alternaria leaf blight, stem spot and head rot +|| +''[[Alternaria alternata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Alternaria tenuis]]''
+''[[Alternaria helianthi]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Helminthosporium helianthi]]''
+''[[Alternaria helianthicola]]''
+''[[Alternaria leucanthemi]]''
+''[[Alternaria tenuissima]]''
+''[[Alternaria zinniae]]'' +|- +|Botrytis head rot (gray mold) +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botrytis cinerea|Botryotinia fuckeliania]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Charcoal rot +|| +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Sclerotium bataticola]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizoctonia bataticola]]'' +|- +|Downy mildew +|| +''[[Plasmopara halstedii]]''
+''[[Plasmopara helianthi f. helianthi]]'' +|- +|Fusarium stalk rot +|| +''[[Fusarium equiseti]]''
+''[[Gibberella intricans]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Nectria haematococca]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Microdochium tabacinum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fusarium tabacinum]]''
+''[[Monographella cucumerina]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Fusarium wilt +|| +''[[Fusarium moniliforme]]''
+''[[Gibberella fujikuroi]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]'' +|- +|Myrothecium leaf and stem spot +|| +''[[Myrothecium roridum]]''
+''[[Myrothecium verrucaria]]'' +|- +|Phialophora yellows +|| +''[[Phialophora asteris]]'' +|- +|Phoma black stem +|| +''[[Phoma macdonaldii]]''
+''[[Leptosphaeria lindquistii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phoma oleracea var. helianthi-tuberosi]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phomopsis brown stem canker +|| +''[[Phomopsis]]'' spp.
+''[[Phomopsis helianthi]]''
+''[[Diaporthe helianthi]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Phymatotrichum root rot (cotton root rot) +|| +''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]'' +|- +|Phytophthora stem rot +|| +''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp.
+''[[Phytophthora drechsleri]]'' +|- +|Powdery mildew +|| +''[[Golovinomyces latisporus]]'' +|- +|Pythium seedling blight and root rot +|| +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium debaryanum]]''
+''[[Pythium irregulare]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia seedling blight +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Rhizopus head rot +|| +''[[Rhizopus arrhizus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizopus nodosus]]''
+''[[Rhizopus microsporus]]''
+''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rhizopus nigricans]]'' +|- +|Rust +|| +''[[Puccinia helianthi]]''
+''[[Puccinia xanthii]]''
+''[[Uromyces junci]]'' +|- +|Sclerotinia basal stalk rot and wilt, mid-stalk rot, head rot +|| +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Sclerotinia libertiana]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Whetzelinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +|Sclerotinia basal stalk rot and wilt +|| +''[[Sclerotinia minor]]'' +|- +|Sclerotium basal stalk and root rot (southern blight) +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Septoria leaf spot +|| +''[[Septoria helianthi]]'' +|- +|Verticillium wilt +|| +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]''
+''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|White rust +|| +''[[Albugo tragopogonis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cystopus tragopogonis]]'' +|- +|Yellow rust +|| +''[[Coleosporium helianthi]]''
+''[[Coleosporium pacificum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Coleosporium madiae]]''
+''[[Peridermium californicum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Dagger, American +|| +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]'' +|- +|Pin +|| +''[[Paratylenchus projectus]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp.
+''[[Pratylenchus hexincisus]]'' +|- +|Reniform +|| +''[[Rotylenchulus]]'' spp.
+''[[Rotylenchulus reniformis]]'' +|- +|Root knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +|Spiral +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' sp. +|- +|Stunt +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus nudus]]''
+''[[Quinisulcius acutus]]'' +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasma and Viral diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases'''
+|- +|Aster yellows +||[[Aster yellows]] [[phytoplasma]] +|- +|Sunflower mosaic +||[[Cucumber mosaic virus]] +|- +|Sunflower virus +||[[Tobacco mosaic virus]] +|- +|Chlorotic Mottle +||[[Sunflower Chlorotic Mottle virus (SuCMoV)]] +|- +|} + +== References == +{{reflist}} +* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190522033332/https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Sunflower.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Sunflower]] +[[Category:Sunflower diseases| ]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sweet_potato_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sweet_potato_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b96357e --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_sweet_potato_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of the [[sweet potato]] (''Ipomoea batatas'').{{cite web |title=Diseases of sweet potato |url=https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Sweetpotato.aspx |website=www.apsnet.org |publisher=American Phytopathological Society |access-date=1 October 2024}} + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" +! colspan=2| Bacterial diseases +|- +| Bacterial leaf spot +| ''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' (Pammel) Dowson +|- +| Bacterial stem and root rot +| ''[[Erwinia chrysanthemi]]'' +|- +| Bacterial wilt +| ''[[Ralstonia solanacearum]]'' +|- +| Crown gall +| ''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +| Hairy roots +| ''[[Agrobacterium rhizogenes]]'' +|- +| Little leaf (proliferation disease) +| [[Phytoplasma]] +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" +! colspan=2| Fungal diseases +|- +| Alternaria leaf spot and stem blight +| ''[[Alternaria]]'' spp. +|- +| Alternaria storage rot +| ''[[Alternaria]]'' spp. +|- +| Black rot +| ''[[Ceratocystis fimbriata]]''
''[[Chalara]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +| Blue mold rot +| ''[[Penicillium]]'' spp. +|- +| Cercospora leaf spot +|''[[Cercospora]]'' spp.
+''[[Phaeoisariopsis bataticola]]''
+{{=}} ''Cercospora bataticola, C. batatas, C. ipomoeae'' +|- +| Charcoal rot +| ''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +| Chlorotic leaf distortion +| ''[[Fusarium lateritium]]''
''[[Gibberella baccata]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| Circular spot +| ''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| Dry rot +| ''[[Diaporthe phaseolorum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diaporthe batatatis]]''
+''[[Phomopsis phaseoli]]'' [anamorph] +|- +| End rot +| ''[[Fusarium]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Nectria haematococca]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| False Broom Rape +| ''[[Splinterus Maximus]]'' +|- +|- +| Foot rot +| ''[[Plenodomus destruens]]'' +|- +| Fusarium root rot and stem canker +| ''[[Fusarium solani]]'' +|- +| Fusarium wilt (stem rot) +| ''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. batatas]]'' +|- +| Gray mold rot +| ''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botrytis cinerea|Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| Java black rot +| ''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Diplodia gossypina]]'' +|- +| Leaf mold +| ''[[Choanephora cucurbitarum]]'' +|- +| Mottle necrosis +| ''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium scleroteichum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Phytophthora]]'' spp. +|- +| Phyllosticta leaf blight +| ''[[Phomopsis ipomeae-batatas]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phyllosticta batatas]]'' +|- +| Phymatotrichum root rot (cotton root rot) +| ''[[Phymatotrichopsis omnivora]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Phymatotrichum omnivorum]]'' +|- +| Pink root +| ''[[Phoma terrestris]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pyrenochaeta terrestris]]'' +|- +| Punky rot +| ''[[Trichoderma]]'' spp.
+''[[Trichoderma koningii]]'' +|- +| Rhizoctonia stem canker (sprout rot) +| ''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| [[Rhizopus soft rot]] +| ''[[Rhizopus]]'' spp.
+''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +| Rootlet rot +| ''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]''
+''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Streptomyces ipomoeae]]'' +|- +| Rust, red +| ''[[Coleosporium ipomoeae]]'' +|- +| Rust, white +| ''[[Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae]]'' +|- +| Scab, leaf and stem +| ''[[Sphaceloma batatas]]''
+''[[Elsinoe batatas]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| Southern blight
+Sclerotial blight +| ''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +|- +| Scurf +| ''[[Monilochaetes infuscans]]'' +|- +| Septoria leaf spot +| ''[[Septoria bataticola]]'' +|- +| Storage rot +| ''[[Epicoccum]]'' spp.
+''[[Fusarium solani]]''
+''[[Mucor racemosus]]''
+''[[Sclerotinia]]'' spp. +|- +| Surface rot +| ''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]''
+''[[Fusarium solani]]'' +|- +| Violet root rot +| ''[[Helicobasidium mompa]]'' +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" +! colspan=2| Nematodes, parasitic +|- +|Brown ring of roots (bulb and stem nematode) +|| +''[[Ditylenchus dipsaci]]''
+''[[Ditylenchus destructor]]'' +|- +|Burrowing +|| +''[[Radopholus similis]]'' +|- +|Dagger +|| +''[[Xiphinema]]'' spp.
+''[[Xiphinema americanum]]'' +|- +|Lesion +|| +''[[Pratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus coffeae]]'' +|- +|Pin +|| +''[[Paratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Reniform +|| +''[[Rotylenchulus reniformis]]'' +|- +|Root-knot +|| +''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp.
+''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +|Spiral +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +|Sting +|| +''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root +|| +''[[Paratrichodorus]]'' spp.
+''[[Paratrichodorus minor]]'' +|- +|Stunt +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral and viroid diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" +! colspan=2| Viral and viroid diseases +|- +|Feathery mottle +||''Sweet potato feathery mottle virus'' (SPFMV) +|- +|Internal cork +||Internal cork strain of ''Sweet potato feathery mottle virus'' (SPFMV-IC) +|- +|Latent virus +||Sweet potato latent virus (SPLV) +|- +|Mild mottle +||''Sweet potato mild mottle virus'' (SPMMV) +|- +|Russet crack +||Russet crack strain of ''Sweet potato feathery mottle virus'' (SPFMV-RC) +|- +|Sweet potato virus disease (SPVD) +||''Sweet potato feathery mottle virus'' and ''Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus'' {{cite journal |last1=Cuellar |first1=Wilmer J. |last2=Kreuze |first2=Jan F. |last3=Rajamäki |first3=Minna-Liisa |last4=Cruzado |first4=Karin R. |last5=Untiveros |first5=Milton |last6=Valkonen |first6=Jari P. T. |title=Elimination of antiviral defense by viral RNase III |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=23 June 2009 |volume=106 |issue=25 |pages=10354–10358 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0806042106 |url=https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0806042106 |access-date=1 October 2024 |language=en |issn=0027-8424|pmc=2694682 }} +|- +|} + +== References == +{{Reflist}} + +{{Sweet potatoes}} + +{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Sweet Potato Diseases}} +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Sweet potato]] +[[Category:Sweet potato diseases|*]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tea_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tea_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fb4bc96 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tea_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,406 @@ +{{Short description|None}} +Many of the diseases, pathogens and pests that affect the [[tea]] plant (''[[Camellia sinensis]]'') may affect other members of the plant genus ''[[Camellia]]''. + +==Bacterial diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +|Bacterial canker +||''[[Xanthomonas campestris]]'' pv. ''theicola''
+''[[Xanthomonas gorlencovianum]]'' +|- +|Bacterial shoot blight +||''[[Pseudomonas avellanae]]'' pv. ''theae'' +|- +|Crown gall +||''[[Agrobacterium tumefaciens]]'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +|Anthracnose +|| +''[[Colletotrichum theae-sinensis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Gloeosporium theae-sinensis]]''{{break}} +''[[Colletotrichum acutatum]]'' +|- +|Armillaria root rot +|| +''[[Armillaria mellea]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Armillariella mellea]]''
+''[[Armillaria heimii]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Armillaria fuscipes]]'' +|- +|Bird's eye spot +|| +''[[Cercoseptoria ocellata]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercospora theae]]''
+''[[Pseudocercospora theae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Septoria theae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cercoseptoria theae]]'' +|- +|Black blight +|| +''[[Cylindrocladium lanceolatum]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +|| +''[[Rosellinia arcuata]]''
+''[[Rosellinia bunodes]]''{{break}} +{{=}} ''[[Rosellinia bunoides]]'' +|- +|Black rot +|| +''[[Ceratobasidium]]'' sp.
+''[[Corticium invisum]]''
+''[[Corticium theae]]'' +|- +|Blister blight{{cite journal | last1=Pandey | first1=Abhay K. | last2=Sinniah | first2=Ganga D. | last3=Babu | first3=Azariah | last4=Tanti | first4=Amarjyoti | title=How the Global Tea Industry Copes With Fungal Diseases – Challenges and Opportunities | journal=[[Plant Disease (journal)|Plant Disease]] | publisher=[[American Phytopathological Society]] | date=2021-08-04 | issn=0191-2917 | doi=10.1094/pdis-09-20-1945-fe | pages=PDIS–09–20–1945| doi-access=free }} +|| +''[[Exobasidium vexans]]'' +|- +|Botryodiplodia root rot +|| +''[[Lasiodiplodia theobromae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Botryodiplodia theobromae]]'' +|- +|Brown blight +|| +''[[Glomerella cingulata]]''
+''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' [anamorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Colletotrichum camelliae]]'' +|- +|Brown root rot +|| +''[[Phellinus noxius]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fomes noxius]]'' +|- +|Brown spot +|| +''[[Calonectria colhounii]]''
+''[[Cylindrocladium colhounii]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Brown zonate leaf blight +|| +''[[Ceuthospora lauri]]'' +|- +|Bud blight +|| +''[[Phoma theicola]]'' +|- +|Charcoal stump rot +|| +''[[Ustulina deusta]]''
+''[[Ustulina zonata]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Collar and branch canker +|| +''[[Phomopsis theae]]'' +|- +|Collar rot +|| +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Copper blight +|| +''[[Guignardia camelliae]]'' +|- +|Damping-off +|| +''[[Cylindrocladium floridanum]]''
+''[[Calonectria kyotensis]]'' [teleomorph]
+''[[Hypochnus centrifugus]]'' +|- +|Dieback +|| +''[[Leptothyrium theae]]''
+''[[Nectria cinnabarina]]'' +|- +|Gray blight +|| +''[[Pestalotiopsis theae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pestalotia theae]]''
+''[[Pestalotiopsis longiseta]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Pestalotia longiseta]]''
+''Pseudopestalotiopsis theae''{{cite journal |last1=Zheng |first1=Shiqin |last2=Chen |first2=Ruiqi |last3=Wang |first3=Zhe |last4=Liu |first4=Juan |last5=Cai |first5=Yan |last6=Peng |first6=Minghui |last7=Zhang |first7=Tian |last8=Li |first8=Yunxi |last9=Wang |first9=Baohua |last10=Bao |first10=Jiandong |last11=Zhang |first11=Dongmei |last12=Wang |first12=Zonghua |last13=Hu |first13=Hongli |title=High-Quality Genome Assembly of Pathogenic ''Pseudopestalotiopsis theae'', the Pathogenic Fungus Causing Tea Gray Blight |journal=Plant Disease |date=2021 |volume=105 |pages=3723-3726 |doi=10.1094/PDIS-02-21-0318-A|doi-access=free }} +|- +|Gray mold +|| +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +|- +|Gray spot +|| +''[[Phyllosticta dusana]]'' +|- +|Horse-hair blight +|| +''[[Marasmius crinis-equi]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Marasmius equicrinis]]'' +|- +|Leaf spot +|| +''[[Calonectria pyrochroa]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Calonectria quinqueseptata]]''
+''[[Cylindrocladium ilicicola]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Calonectria theae]]''
+''[[Cylindrocladium theae]]'' [anamorph]
+''[[Cochliobolus carbonum]]''
+''[[Hendersonia theicola]]''
+''[[Pestalotiopsis adusta]]''
+''[[Phaeosphaerella theae]]''
+''[[Pleospora theae]]'' +|- +|Leaf scab +|| +''[[Elsinoë theae]]'' +|- +|Macrophoma stem canker +|| +''[[Macrophoma theicola]]''{{break}} +{{=}} ''[[Macrophoma theiocola]]''{{break}} +''[[Botryosphaeria dothidea]]''{{break}} +''[[Botryosphaeria mamane]]''{{break}} +''[[Fusarium solani]]'' +|- +|Net blister blight +|| +''[[Exobasidium reticulatum]]'' +|- +|Pale brown root rot +|| +''[[Pseudophaeolus baudonii]]'' +|- +|Phloem necrosis +|| +Phloem necrosis virus (Camellia Virus 1) +|- +|Phyllosticta leaf spot +|| +''[[Phyllosticta erratica]]''
+''[[Phyllosticta theae]]'' +|- +|Pink disease +|| +''[[Corticium salmonicolor]]'' +|- +|Poria root rot and stem canker +|| +''[[Poria hypobrunnea]]'' +|- +|Purple root rot +|| +''[[Helicobasidium compactum]]'' +|- +|Red leaf spot +|| +''[[Phoma theicola]]'' +|- +|Red root rot +|| +''[[Ganoderma philippii]]''
+''[[Poria hypolateritia]]''{{break}} +{{=}} ''[[Ceriporiopsis hypolateritia]]'' +|- +|Red rust (alga)Keith, Lisa; Ko, Wen-Hsiung; Sato, Dwight M.; University of Hawai'i at Mānoa. [http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/PD-33.pdf Identification Guide for Diseases of Tea (''Camellia sinensis'')], ''Plant Disease'', October 2006. +|| +''[[Cephaleuros virescens]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cephaleuros parasiticus]]'' +|- +|Rim blight +|| +''[[Cladosporium]]'' sp. +|- +|Root rot +|| +''[[Cylindrocarpon tenue]]''
+''[[Cylindrocladiella camelliae]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Cylindrocladium camelliae]]''
+''[[Cylindrocladium clavatum]]''
+''[[Fomes lamaënsis]]''
+''[[Ganoderma applanatum]]''
+''[[Ganoderma lucidum]]'' +|- +|Rough bark +|| +''[[Patellaria theae]]'' +|- +|Sclerotial blight +|| +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph]
+{{=}} ''[[Corticium rolfsii]]'' +|- +|Shoot withering +||''[[Diplodia theae-sinensis]]'' +|- +|Sooty mold +|| +''[[Capnodium footii]]''
+''[[Capnodium theae]]''
+''[[Meliola camelliae]]'' +|- +|Stump rot +|| +''[[Irpex destruens]]'' +|- +|Tarry root rot +|| +''[[Hypoxylon asarcodes]]'' +|- +|Thorny stem blight +|| +''[[Tunstallia aculeata]]'' +|- +|Thread blight +|| +''[[Marasmius tenuissimus]]'' +|- +|Twig blight +|| +''[[Patellaria theae]]'' +|- +|Twig dieback, stem canker +|| +''[[Macrophoma theicola]]'' +|- +|[[Velvet blight]] +|| +''[[Septobasidium bogoriense]]''
+''[[Septobasidium pilosum]]''
+''[[Septobasidium theae]]'' +|- +|Violet root rot +|| +''[[Sphaerostilbe repens]]'' +|- +|White root rot +|| +''[[Rigidoporus microporus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Rigidoporus lignosus]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fomes lignosus]]'' +|- +|White scab +|| +''[[Elsinoe leucospila]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Sphaceloma theae]]'' +|- +|White spot +||''[[Phyllosticta theifolia]]'' +|- +|Wood rot +|| +''[[Hypoxylon nummularium]]''
+''[[Hypoxylon serpens]]''
+''[[Hypoxylon vestitum]]'' +|- +|Xylaria root rot +|| +''[[Xylaria]]'' sp. +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +|Burrowing nematode +|| +''[[Radopholus similis]]'' +|- +|Dagger nematode +|| +''[[Xiphinema insigne]]'' +|- +|Lance nematode +|| +''[[Hoplolaimus columbus]]'' +|- +|Mature tea nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne brevicauda]]'' +|- +|Pin nematode +|| +''[[Paratylenchus curvitatus]]'' +|- +|Reniform nematode +|| +''[[Rotylenchulus reniformis]]'' +|- +|Root-knot nematode +|| +''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne thamesi]]'' +|- +|Root lesion nematode +|| +''[[Pratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus loosi]]'' +|- +|Sheath nematode +|| +''[[Hemicriconemoides kanayaensis]]'' +|- +|Spiral nematode +|| +''[[Helicotylenchus dihystera]]''
+''[[Helicotylenchus erythrinae]]'' +|- +|Stunt nematode +|| +''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' sp. +|- +|} + +==Lepidoptera (butterflies and moth) pests== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Lepidoptera (butterflies and moth) pests'''
+|- +|[[Coleophoridae|Case-bearer]] species +|| +''[[Coleophora scaleuta]]'' +|- +|[[Coleophoridae|Case-bearer]] species +|| +''[[Coleophora vigilis]]'' +|- +|[[Hepialidae|Ghost moth]] species +|| +''[[Endoclita malabaricus]]'' +|- +|[[Hepialidae|Ghost moth]] species +|| +''[[Endoclita punctimargo]]'' +|- +|[[Hepialidae|Ghost moth]] species +|| +''[[Endoclita purpurescens]]'' +|- +|[[Hepialidae|Ghost moth]] species +|| +''[[Endoclita sericeus]]'' +|- +|[[Willow beauty]] +|| +''Peribatodes rhomboidaria'' +|- +|} + +== References == +{{reflist}} +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Tea.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +{{-}} +{{Teas}} + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Tea]] +[[Category:Tea diseases| ]] +[[Category:Camellia]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tobacco_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tobacco_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fd38039 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tobacco_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,301 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +{{for|diseases caused by human consumption of tobacco|Health effects of tobacco}} +{{Tobacco}} + +This is a '''list of diseases of [[tobacco]] (''Nicotiana tabacum'')'''. They present challenges to the successful [[cultivation of tobacco]]. + +== Bacterial diseases == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases'''
+|- +| Angular leaf spot (Synonym: Wildfire, Black fire) +| |''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''tabaci'') +|- +| Granville wilt +| |''[[Ralstonia solanacearum]]'', formerly ''Pseudomonas solanacearum'' +|- +| Hairy roots +| |''[[Agrobacterium rhizogenes]]'' +|- +| Hollow stalk +| |''Erwinia carotovora'' subsp. ''carotovora''
+''E. carotovora'' subsp. ''atroseptica'' +|- +| Leaf gall +| |''[[Rhodococcus fascians]]'' +|- +|} + +== Fungal diseases == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases'''
+|- +| Anthracnose +| | +''[[Colletotrichum destructivum]]''
+''[[Glomerella glycines]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| Barn spot +| | +''[[Cercospora nicotianae]]'' +|- +| Barn rot +| |Several fungi and bacteria +|- +| Black root rot +| | +''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]'' +|- +| Bikini +| | +''[[Phytophthora nicotianae]]'' + +|- +| Blue mold (downy mildew) +| |''[[Peronospora tabacina]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Peronospora hyoscyami f.sp. tabacina]]'' +|- +| Brown spot +| | +''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +| Charcoal rot +| | +''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +| Collar rot +| | +''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +|- +| Damping-off, Pythium +| | +''[[Pythium]]'' spp.
+''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]''
+''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +| Frogeye leaf spot +| | +''[[Cercospora nicotianae]]'' +|- +| Fusarium wilt +| | +''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]'' (several f. sp.) +|- +| Gray mold +| | +''[[Botrytis cinerea]]''
+''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| Mycosphaerella leaf spot +| | +''[[Mycosphaerella nicotianae]]'' +|- +| Olpidium seedling blight +| | +''[[Olpidium brassicae]]'' +|- +| Phyllosticta leaf spot +| | +''[[Phyllosticta nicotiana]]'' +|- +| Powdery mildew +| | +''[[Erysiphe cichoracearum]]'' +|- +| Ragged leaf spot +| | +''[[Phoma exigua var. exigua]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Ascochyta phaseolorum]]'' +|- +| Scab +| | +''[[Hymenula affinis]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Fusarium affine]]'' +|- +| Sore shin and damping-off +| | +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]''
+''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| Southern stem rot
+Southern blight +| | +''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]''
+''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +| Stem rot of transplants +| | +''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +|- +| Target spot +| | +''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +|- +| Verticillium wilt +| | +''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]''
+''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|} + +== Nematodes, parasitic == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic'''
+|- +| Bulb and stem (stem break) +| | +''[[Ditylenchus dipsaci]]'' +|- +| Cyst +| | +''[[Globodera solanacearum]]''
+{{=}} ''[[Globodera virginiae]]''
+''[[Globodera tabacum]]'' +|- +| Dagger, American +| | +''[[Xiphinema americanum]]'' +|- +| Foliar +| | +''[[Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi]]'' +|- +| Lesion +| | +''[[Pratylenchus brachyurus]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus penetrans]]''
+''[[Pratylenchus]]'' spp. +|- +| Reniform +| | +''[[Rotylenchulus reniformis]]'' +|- +| Root-knot +| | +''[[Meloidogyne arenaria]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne hapla]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne incognita]]''
+''[[Meloidogyne javanica]]'' +|- +| Spiral +| | +''[[Helicotylenchus]]'' spp.
+|- +| Stubby-root +| | +''[[Paratrichodorus]]'' spp.
+''[[Trichodorus]]'' spp. +|- +| Stunt +| | +''[[Merlinius]]'' spp.
+''[[Tylenchorhynchus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +== Viral and phytoplasma diseases == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral mycoplasmalike organisms [MLO] diseases'''
+|- +| Alfalfa mosaic +| |[[Alfalfa mosaic virus]] +|- +| [[Aster yellows]] +| |Phytoplasma +|- +| Beet curly top +| |[[Beet curly top virus]] +|- +| Bushy top +| |[[Tobacco vein distorting virus]] and [[tobacco bushy top virus]] in combination +|- +| Cucumber mosaic +| |[[Cucumber mosaic virus]] +|- +| Lettuce necrotic yellows +| |[[Lettuce necrotic yellows virus]] (in ''Nicotiana glutinosa'') +|- +| Peanut stunt +| |[[Peanut stunt virus]] +|- +| Rosette disease +| |[[Tobacco vein distorting virus]] and [[tobacco mottle virus]] in combination +|- +| [[Stolbur of tobacco|Stolbur]] +| |[[Phytoplasma]] +|- +| Tobacco etch +| |[[Tobacco etch virus]] +|- +| Tobacco leaf curl +| |[[Tobacco leaf curl virus]] +|- +| Tobacco mosaic +| |[[Tobacco mosaic virus]] and [[Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus]] +|- +| Tobacco necrosis +| |[[Tobacco necrosis virus]] +|- +| Tobacco rattle +| |[[Tobacco rattle virus]] +|- +| Tobacco ring spot +| |[[Tobacco ring spot virus]] +|- +| Tobacco streak +| |[[Tobacco streak virus]] +|- +| Tobacco stunt +| |[[Tobacco stunt virus]] +|- +| Tobacco vein mottling +| |[[Tobacco vein mottling virus]] +|- +| Tomato spotted wilt +| |[[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] +|- +| Vein banding +| |[[Potato virus Y]] +|- +| Wound tumor +| |[[Wound tumor virus]] +|- +|} + +== Miscellaneous diseases and disorders == + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Miscellaneous diseases and disorders'''
+|- +| Brown root rot +| |''Pratylenchus'' spp. (nematodes) +|- +| Drought spot +| |Drought +|- +| False broomrape +| |Unknown +|- +| Frenching +| |Metabolite of ''Bacillus cereus'' +|- +| Stem break (in Europe) +| |''Ditylenchus dipsaci'' (nematodes) +|- +| Sunscald +| |High light intensity and high temperatures +|- +| Weather fleck +| |Ozone +|- +|} + +== References == +* [https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Tobacco.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Tobacco]] +[[Category:Tobacco diseases|*]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tomato_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tomato_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d3ae52c --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_tomato_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,344 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +{{refimprove|date=March 2013}} +This article is a '''list of diseases''' of [[tomato]]es (''Solanum lycopersicum''). + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +|+Bacterial diseases (including phytoplasma) +|- +|[[Bacterial Canker of Tomato]] +||''[[Clavibacter michiganensis]]'' subsp. ''michiganensis'' +|- +|[http://www.grin.com/en/e-book/178581/bacterial-speck-disease-of-tomato-an-insight-into-host-bacteria-interaction Bacterial speck] ||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''tomato'' +|- +|[[Bacterial spot]] +||[[Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria|''Xanthomonas campestris'' pv. ''vesicatoria'']] +|- +|Bacterial stem rot and fruit rot +||''[[Erwinia carotovora]]'' subsp. ''carotovora'' +|- +|[[Bacterial Wilt of Potato|Bacterial wilt]] +||''[[Ralstonia solanacearum]]'' +|- +|Pith necrosis +||''[[Pseudomonas corrugata]]'' +|- +|Syringae leaf spot +||''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''syringae'' +|- +|Aster yellows +||''Ca.'' [[Phytoplasma]] asteris +|- +|Tomato big bud +||''Ca.'' [[Phytoplasma]] sp.; may be multiple agents +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +|+Fungal diseases +|- +|Alternaria stem canker +|| +* ''[[Alternaria alternata f.sp. lycopersici]]'' +|- +|[[Anthracnose]] +| +* ''[[Colletotrichum coccodes]]'' +* ''[[Colletotrichum dematium]]'' +* ''[[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides]]'' +* ''[[Glomerella cingulata]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Black mold rot +| +* ''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +* ''[[Stemphylium botryosum]]'' +* ''[[Pleospora tarda]]'' [teleomorph] +* ''[[Stemphylium herbarum]]'' +* ''[[Pleospora herbarum]]'' [teleomorph] +** ''[[Pleospora lycopersici]]'' +* ''[[Ulocladium consortiale]]'' +** ''[[Stemphylium consortiale]]'' +|- +|Black root rot +| +* ''[[Thielaviopsis basicola]]'' +* ''[[Chalara elegans]]'' [synanamorph] +|- +|Black shoulder +| +* ''[[Alternaria alternata]]'' +|- +|[[Buckeye rot of tomato]] +| +* ''[[Phytophthora capsici]]'' +* ''[[Phytophthora drechsleri]]'' +* ''[[Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]]'' +** ''[[Phytophthora parasitica]]'' +|- +|Cercospora leaf mold +| +* ''[[Pseudocercospora fuligena]]'' +** ''[[Cercospora fuligena]]'' +|- +|Charcoal rot +| +* ''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]'' +|- +|Corky root rot +| +* ''[[Pyrenochaeta lycopersici]]'' +|- +|Didymella stem rot +|| +* ''[[Didymella lycopersici]]'' +|- +|Early blight +| +* ''[[Alternaria solani]]'' +|- +|Fusarium crown and root rot +| +* ''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici]]'' +|- +|[[Fusarium wilt]] +| +* ''[[Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici]]'' +|- +|[[Gray Leaf Spot]] +| +* ''[[Stemphylium botryosum f.sp. lycopersici]]'' +* ''[[Stemphylium lycopersici]]'' +** ''[[Stemphylium floridanum]]'' +* ''[[Stemphylium solani]]'' +|- +|[[Gray mold]] +|| +* ''[[Botrytis cinerea]]'' +* ''[[Botryotinia fuckeliana]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|[[Late Blight of Potato|Late blight]] +| +* ''[[Phytophthora infestans]]''{{Citation|title=Potato and tomato late blight caused by ''Phytophthora infestans'': An overview of pathology and resistance breeding |last=Nowicki|first=Marcin|date=17 August 2011|publisher=Plant Disease, ASP|doi= 10.1094/PDIS-05-11-0458|display-authors=etal|volume=96|journal=Plant Disease|issue=1 |pages=4–17|pmid=30731850|doi-access=}}{{Citation|title=Appraisal of artificial screening techniques of tomato to accurately reflect field performance of the late blight resistance|last=Nowakowska|first=Marzena|date=3 Oct 2014|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0109328|display-authors=etal|volume=9|journal=PLOS ONE|issue=10|article-number=e109328|pmid=25279467|pmc=4184844|bibcode=2014PLoSO...9j9328N|doi-access=free}} +|- +|[[Leaf mold]] +| +* ''[[Fulvia fulva]]'' +** ''[[Cladosporium fulvum]]'' +|- +|Phoma rot +| +* ''[[Phoma destructiva]]'' +|- +|[[Powdery mildew]] +| +* ''[[Oidiopsis sicula]]'' +* ''[[Leveillula taurica]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Pythium damping-off and fruit rot +| +* ''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]'' +* ''[[Pythium arrhenomanes]]'' +* ''[[Pythium debaryanum]]'' +* ''[[Pythium myriotylum]]'' +* ''[[Pythium ultimum]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia damping-off and fruit rot +| +* ''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +* ''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Rhizopus rot +| +* ''[[Rhizopus stolonifer]]'' +|- +|Septoria leaf spot +| +* ''[[Septoria lycopersici]]'' +|- +|Sour rot +| +* ''[[Geotrichum candidum]]'' +* ''[[Galactomyces geotrichum]]'' [teleomorph] +* ''[[Geotrichum klebahnii]]'' (= ''G. penicillatum'') +|- +|[[Southern Blight]] +| +* ''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +* ''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Target spot +| +* ''[[Corynespora cassiicola]]'' +|- +|[[Verticillium wilt]] +| +* ''[[Verticillium albo-atrum]]'' +* ''[[Verticillium dahliae]]'' +|- +|White mold +| +* ''[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]'' +* ''[[Sclerotinia minor]]'' +|- +|} + +==Lepidoptera larvae== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +|+Lepidoptera larvae +|- +|[[Cutworm]] +| +*''[[Noctua pronuba]]'' and other Noctuidae +|- +|[[tomato fruitworm]] +| +*''Helicoverpa zea'' +|- +|[[Tomato hornworm]] +| +*''Manduca quinquemaculata'' +|- +|[[Tobacco hornworm]] +| +*''Manduca sexta'' +|- +| +| +*''[[Leucinodes africensis]]''{{cite journal |last1=Mally |first1=Richard |last2=Hayden |first2=James E. |last3=Neinhuis |first3=Christoph |last4=Jordal |first4=Bjarte H. |last5=Nuss |first5=Matthias |year=2019 |title=The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology |journal=Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny |volume=77 |issue=1 |pages=141–204 |doi=10.26049/ASP77-1-2019-07 |issn=1863-7221 |url=https://www.senckenberg.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/07_asp_77-1_mally_141-204.pdf}} +|- +|Brown-tipped pearl +| +*''[[Leucinodes laisalis]]'' +|- +|Eggplant borer +| +*''[[Leucinodes orbonalis]]''{{cite web|last1=Hayden|first1=James E.| last2=Lee|first2=Sangmi|last3=Passoa|first3=Steven C.|last4=Young|first4=James|last5=Landry|first5=Jean-François|last6=Nazari|first6=Vazrick|last7=Mally|first7=Richard|last8=Somma|first8=Louis A.|last9= Ahlmark|first9=Kurt M.|date=2013|title=Digital Identification of Microlepidoptera on Solanaceae|publisher=USDA-APHIS-PPQ Identification Technology Program (ITP). Fort Collins, CO|access-date=2021-05-05|url=http://idtools.org/id/leps/micro/}} +|- +| +| +*''[[Lineodes integra]]'' +|- +|Tomato fruit borer +| +*''[[Neoleucinodes elegantalis]]'' +|- +|Eggplant leafroller +| +*''[[Rhectocraspeda periusalis]]'' +|- +|Potato tuber moth +| +*''[[Phthorimaea operculella]]'' +|- +|Tomato borer +| +*''[[Tuta absoluta]]'' +|- +|Tomato pinworm +| +*''[[Keiferia lycopersicella]]'' +|} + +==Nematodes== +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +|+Nematodes, parasitic +|- +|[[Root-knot nematode|Root-knot]] +| +* ''[[Meloidogyne]]'' spp. +|- +|Sting +| +* ''[[Belonolaimus longicaudatus]]'' +|- +|Stubby-root +| +* ''[[Paratrichodorus]]'' spp. +* ''[[Trichodorus]]'' spp. +|- +|} + +==Viral and viroid== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +|+Viral and viroid diseases +|- +|Common mosaic of tomato (internal browning of fruit) +||[[Tobacco mosaic virus]] (TMV) +|- +|[[Curly top]] +||[[Curtovirus]] +|- +|Potato virus Y +||[[Potato virus Y]] +|- +|Pseudo curly top +||[[Tomato pseudo-curly top virus]] +|- +|Tomato bushy stunt +||[[Tomato bushy stunt virus]] +|- +|Tomato etch +||[[Tobacco etch virus]] +|- +|Tomato fern leaf +||[[Cucumber mosaic virus]] +|- +|Tomato mosaic +||[[Tomato mosaic virus]] ([[ToMV]]) +|- +|Tomato mottle +||[[Geminivirus|Tomato mottle geminivirus]] +|- +|Tomato necrosis +||[[Alfalfa mosaic virus]] +|- +|Tomato spotted wilt +||[[Tomato spotted wilt virus]] +|- +|Tomato yellow leaf curl +||[[Tomato yellow leaf curl virus]] +|- +|Tomato yellow top +||[[Tomato yellow top virus]] +|- +|[[Tomato bunchy top]] +||[[Potato spindle tuber viroid]]{{cite journal | last=Mink | first=G. I. | title=Pollen and Seed-Transmitted Viruses and Viroids | journal=[[Annual Review of Phytopathology]] | publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] | volume=31 | issue=1 | year=1993 | issn=0066-4286 | doi=10.1146/annurev.py.31.090193.002111 | pages=375–402}} +|- +|Tomato planto macho +||[[Tomato planto macho viroid]] +|} + +==Miscellaneous diseases and disorders== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +|+Miscellaneous diseases and disorders +|- +|Autogenous necrosis +||Genetic +|- +|Fruit pox +||Genetic +|- +|Gold fleck +||Genetic +|- +|Graywall +||Undetermined etiology +|- +|} + +==References== + + +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Tomato.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] +*[https://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/DiagnosticKeys/TomKey.html Tomato Diagnostic Key, The Cornell Plant Pathology Vegetable Disease Web Page] +*[https://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Tomato_List.htm Tomato Diseases (Fact Sheets and Information Bulletins), The Cornell Plant Pathology Vegetable Disease Web Page] +* Gautam, P. 2008. Bacterial Speck Disease of Tomato: An Insight into Host-Bacteria Interaction. GRIN Publishing [http://www.grin.com/en/e-book/178581/bacterial-speck-disease-of-tomato-an-insight-into-host-bacteria-interaction] + +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Tomato]] +[[Category:Tomato diseases]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_wheat_diseases.json b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_wheat_diseases.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..49f42bf --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/.scraper-cache/wt-List_of_wheat_diseases.json @@ -0,0 +1,502 @@ +{{Short description|none}} +This article is a '''list of [[Wheat diseases|diseases of wheat]]''' (''Triticum'' spp.) grouped by causative agent. + +==Bacterial diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Bacterial diseases''' +|- +|Bacterial leaf blight +| +* [[Pseudomonas syringae ssp. syringae|''Pseudomonas syringae'' ssp. ''syringae'']] +|- +|Bacterial mosaic +| +* ''[[Clavibacter michiganensis]]'' subsp. ''tessellarius'' +|- +|Bacterial sheath rot +| +* ''[[Pseudomonas fuscovaginae]]'' +|- +|Basal glume rot +| +* ''[[Pseudomonas syringae]]'' pv. ''atrofaciens'' +|- +|Black chaff = bacterial leaf streak +| +* ''[[Xanthomonas translucens]]'' pv. ''translucens'' +|- +|Pink seed +| +* ''Erwinia rhapontici'' +|- +|Spike blight = gummosis +| +* ''[[Rathayibacter tritici]]'' +** ''[[Clavibacter tritici]]'' +** [[Corynebacterium michiganense pv. tritici|''Corynebacterium michiganense'' pv. ''tritici'']] +* ''[[Clavibacter iranicus|Cl. iranicus]]'' +|- +|} + +==Fungal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Fungal diseases''' +|- +|Alternaria leaf blight{{Cite journal|author= Chalkley, D.|year=2010|title=Invasive Fungi: ''Alternaria'' leaf blight of wheat - ''Alternaria triticina'' | publisher=[[Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory]], [[Agricultural Research Service]], United States Department of Agriculture (USDA ARS) |url=http://nt.ars-grin.gov/taxadescriptions/factsheets/index.cfm?thisapp=Alternariatriticina |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029172135/http://nt.ars-grin.gov/taxadescriptions/factsheets/index.cfm?thisapp=Alternariatriticina|archivedate=29 October 2014|url-status=live}} +| +* ''[[Alternaria triticina]]'' +|- +|[[Anthracnose]] +| +* ''[[Glomerella graminicola]]'' ([[anamorph]] ''Colletotrichum graminicola'') +|- +|Ascochyta leaf spot +| +* ''[[Ascochyta tritici]]'' +|- +|Aureobasidium decay +| +* ''[[Microdochium bolleyi]]'' +** ''[[Aureobasidium bolleyi]]'' +|- +|Black head molds = sooty molds +| +* ''[[Alternaria]]'' spp. +* ''[[Cladosporium]]'' spp. +* ''[[Epicoccum]]'' spp. +* ''[[Sporobolomyces]]'' spp. +* ''[[Stemphylium]]'' spp. +* and other genera +|- +|[[Black point (disease)|Black point]] = kernel smudge +||associated with fungal infection, primarily:{{Cite web|author=Watkins, John E.|title=Black Point Disease of Wheat|publisher=Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the [[University of Nebraska–Lincoln]]|url=http://www.totoagriculture.org/PDFs/PlantDiseasesPests/41.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025203331/http://www.totoagriculture.org/PDFs/PlantDiseasesPests/41.pdf|archivedate=25 October 2014|url-status=live}} +* ''[[Alternaria]]'' spp. +* ''[[Cochliobolus sativus]]'' +* ''[[Cladosporium]]'' spp. +|- +|Cephalosporium stripe +| +* ''[[Hymenula cerealis]]'' +** ''[[Cephalosporium gramineum]]'' +|- +|[[Common bunt (wheat)|Common bunt = stinking smut]] +| +* ''[[Tilletia tritici]]'' +** ''[[Tilletia caries]]'' +* ''[[Tilletia laevis]]'' +** ''[[Tilletia foetida]]'' +|- +|[[Common root rot (wheat)|Common root rot]] +| +* ''[[Cochliobolus sativus]]'' [teleomorph] +* ''Bipolaris sorokiniana'' [anamorph] +** syn. ''Helminthosporium sativum'' +|- +|Cottony [[snow mold]] +| +* ''[[Coprinus psychromorbidus]]'' +|- +|[[crown rot of wheatCrown rot]] = foot rot, seedling blight, dryland root rot +| +* ''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +* ''[[Fusarium pseudograminearum]]'' +* ''[[Gibberella zeae]]'' +* ''[[Fusarium graminearum]]'' Group II [anamorph] +* ''[[Gibberella avenacea]]'' +* ''[[Fusarium avenaceum]]'' [anamorph] +* ''[[Fusarium culmorum]]'' +|- +|Dilophospora leaf spot = twist +| +* ''[[Dilophospora alopecuri]]'' +|- +|Downy mildew = crazy top +| +* ''[[Sclerophthora macrospora]]'' +|- +|Dwarf bunt +| +* ''[[Tilletia controversa]]'' +|- +|[[Ergot]] +| +* ''[[Claviceps purpurea]]'' +* ''[[Sphacelia segetum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|[[Eyespot (wheat)|Eyespot = foot rot, strawbreaker]] +| +* ''[[Tapesia yallundae]]'' +* ''Ramulispora herpotrichoides'' [anamorph] +** ''Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides'' W-pathotype +* ''[[Tapesia acuformis]]'' +* ''Ramulispora acuformis'' [anamorph] +** ''Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides'' var. ''acuformis'' R-pathoytpe +|- +|False eyespot +| +* ''[[Gibellina cerealis]]'' +|- +|Flag smut +| +* ''[[Urocystis agropyri]]'' +|- +|Foot rot = dryland foot rot +| +* ''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +|- +|Halo spot +| +* ''[[Pseudoseptoria donacis]]'' +** ''[[Selenophoma donacis]]'' +|- +|[[Karnal bunt|Karnal bunt = partial bunt]] +| +* ''[[Tilletia indica]]'' +** syn. ''Neovossia indica'' +|- +|[[Wheat leaf rust|Leaf rust = brown rust]] +| +* ''[[Puccinia triticina]]'' +** syn. ''Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici'' +* ''[[Puccinia tritici-duri]]'' +|- +|Leptosphaeria leaf spot +| +* ''[[Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides]]'' +** ''[[Leptosphaeria herpotrichoides]]'' +* ''[[Stagonospora]]'' sp. [anamorph] +|- +|Loose smut +| +* ''[[Ustilago tritici]]'' +** [[Ustilago segetum var. tritici|''Ustilago segetum'' var. ''tritici'']] +* [[Ustilago segetum var. nuda|''Ustilago segetum'' var. ''nuda'']] +* [[Ustilago segetum var. avenae|''Ustilago segetum'' var. ''avenae'']] +|- +|Microscopica leaf spot +| +* ''[[Phaeosphaeria microscopica]]'' +** syn. ''Leptosphaeria microscopica'' +|- +|Phoma spot +| +* ''[[Phoma]]'' spp. +* ''[[Phoma glomerata]]'' +* ''[[Phoma sorghina]]'' +** ''[[Phoma insidiosa]]'' +|- +|Pink snow mold = [[Fusarium patch]] +| +* ''[[Microdochium nivale]]'' +** ''[[Fusarium nivale]]'' +*''[[Monographella nivalis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Platyspora leaf spot +| +* ''[[Clathrospora pentamera]]'' +** ''[[Platyspora pentamera]]'' +|- +|[[Powdery mildew]] +| +* ''[[Blumeria graminis]]'' +|- +|Pythium root rot +| +* ''[[Pythium aphanidermatum]]'' +* ''[[Pythium arrhenomanes]]'' +* ''[[Pythium graminicola]]'' +* ''[[Pythium myriotylum]]'' +* ''[[Pythium volutum]]'' +|- +|Rhizoctonia root rot +| +* ''[[Rhizoctonia solani]]'' +* ''[[Thanatephorus cucumeris]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Ring spot = Wirrega blotch +| +* ''[[Pyrenophora seminiperda]]'' +** ''[[Drechslera campanulata]]'' +* ''[[Drechslera wirreganensis]]'' +|- +|Scab = head blight = Fusarium head blight (FHB){{Cite journal|author1=Zhang, Julia X. |author2=Jin, Yue |author3=Rudd, Jackie C. |author4=Bockelman, Harold E. |name-list-style=amp|year=2008|title=New Fusarium Head Blight Resistant Spring Wheat Germplasm Identified in the USDA National Small Grains Collection|journal=Crop Science|volume=48|pages=223–235|url=http://amarillo.tamu.edu/files/2010/12/New-Fusarium-head-blight-resistant-spring-wheat-germplasm-identified-in-the-USDA-national-small-grains-collection-.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811084520/http://amarillo.tamu.edu/files/2010/12/New-Fusarium-head-blight-resistant-spring-wheat-germplasm-identified-in-the-USDA-national-small-grains-collection-.pdf|archivedate=11 August 2014|url-status=live |doi=10.2135/cropsci2007.02.0116}} +| +* ''[[Fusarium]]'' spp. +* ''[[Gibberella zeae]]'' +* ''[[Fusarium graminearum]]'' Group II [anamorph] +* ''[[Gibberella avenacea]]'' +* ''[[Fusarium avenaceum]]'' [anamorph] +* ''[[Fusarium culmorum]]'' +* ''[[Microdochium nivale]]'' +** ''[[Fusarium nivale]]'' +* ''[[Monographella nivalis]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Sclerotinia snow mold = snow scald +| +* ''[[Myriosclerotinia borealis]]'' +** ''[[Sclerotinia borealis]]'' +|- +|Sclerotium wilt (see Southern blight) +| +* ''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +* ''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Septoria blotch{{Cite web|title=Septoria Leaf Blotch, Stagonospora Glume Blotch|date=4 November 2008|publisher=Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M University |url=https://amarillo.tamu.edu/files/2010/11/SeptoriaStagonospora.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811063444/http://amarillo.tamu.edu/files/2010/11/SeptoriaStagonospora.pdf|archivedate=11 August 2014|url-status=live}} +| +* ''[[Septoria tritici]]'' +* ''[[Mycosphaerella graminicola]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Sharp eyespot +| +* ''[[Rhizoctonia cerealis]]'' +* ''[[Ceratobasidium cereale]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Snow rot +| +* ''[[Pythium]]'' spp. +* ''[[Pythium aristosporum]]'' +* ''[[Pythium iwayamae]]'' +* ''[[Pythium okanoganense]]'' +|- +|Southern blight = Sclerotium base rot +| +* ''[[Sclerotium rolfsii]]'' +* ''[[Athelia rolfsii]]'' [teleomorph] +|- +|Speckled snow mold = gray snow mold or [[Typhula blight]] +| +* ''[[Typhula idahoensis]]'' +* ''[[Typhula incarnata]]'' +* ''[[Typhula ishikariensis]]'' +* ''[[Typhula ishikariensis var. canadensis]]'' +|- +|[[Spot blotch (wheat)|Spot blotch]] +| +* ''[[Cochliobolus sativus]]'' [teleomorph] +* ''[[Cochliobolus sativus|Bipolaris sorokiniana]]'' [anamorph] +** ''[[Cochliobolus sativus|Helminthosporium sativum]]'' +|- +|Stagonospora blotch +| +* ''[[Phaeosphaeria avenaria f.sp. triticae]]'' +* ''[[Stagonospora avenae f.sp. triticae]]'' [anamorph] +** ''[[Septoria avenae f.sp. triticea]]'' +* ''[[Phaeosphaeria nodorum]]'' +* ''[[Stagonospora nodorum]]'' [anamorph] +** ''[[Septoria nodorum]]'' +|- +|Stem rust = black rust +| +* ''[[Puccinia graminis]]'' +** ''[[Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici]]'' (Ug99) +|- +|Storage molds +| +* ''[[Aspergillus]]'' spp. +* ''[[Penicillium]]'' spp. +* and others +|- +|Stripe rust = yellow rust +| +* ''[[Puccinia striiformis]]'' +* ''[[Uredo glumarum]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Take-all +| +* ''[[Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici]]'' +* ''[[Gaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae]]'' +|- +|Tan spot = yellow leaf spot, red smudge +| +* ''[[Pyrenophora tritici-repentis]]'' +* ''[[Drechslera tritici-repentis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Tar spot +| +* ''[[Phyllachora graminis]]'' +* ''[[Linochora graminis]]'' [anamorph] +|- +|Wheat Blast +| +* ''[[Magnaporthe grisea]]'' +|- +|Zoosporic root rot +| +* ''[[Lagena radicicola]]'' +* ''[[Ligniera pilorum]]'' +* ''[[Olpidium brassicae]]'' +* ''[[Rhizophydium graminis]]'' +|- +|} + +==Viral diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Viral diseases''' +|- +|African cereal streak +|see Maize streak +|- +|Agropyron mosaic +|genus [[Rymovirus]], [[Agropyron mosaic virus]] (AgMV) +|- +|Australian wheat striate mosaic +|see Chloris striate mosaic +|- +|Barley stripe mosaic +|genus [[Hordeivirus]], [[Barley stripe mosaic virus]] (BSMV) +|- +|[[Barley yellow dwarf virus|Barley yellow dwarf]] +|genus [[Luteovirus]], [[Barley yellow dwarf virus|Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)]] +|- +|Barley yellow streak mosaic +||[[Barley yellow streak mosaic virus]] +|- +|Barley yellow striate mosaic +||genus [[Cytorhabdovirus]], [[Barley yellow striate mosaic virus]] (BYSMV) +|- +|Barley yellow stripe +||see Barley stripe mosaic +|- +|[[Brome mosaic virus|Brome mosaic]] +||genus [[Bromovirus]], [[Brome mosaic virus|Brome mosaic virus (BMV)]] +|- +|Cereal northern mosaic +||genus [[Cytorhabdovirus]], [[Cereal northern mosaic virus]] (NCMV) +|- +|Cereal tillering +||[[Cereal tillering virus]] +|- +|Chloris striate mosaic +||genus [[Monogeminivirus]], [[Chloris striate mosaic virus]] (CSMV) +|- +|Cocksfoot mottle +||genus [[Sobemovirus]], [[Cocksfoot mottle virus]] (CoMV) +|- +|Eastern wheat striate +||[[Eastern wheat striate virus]] +|- +|Enanismo +||Probable virus or phytoplasma +|- +|[[High plains disease]] +||Probable virus. Vectored by wheat curl mite, ''[[Aceria tosichella]]'' +|- +|Maize streak +||genus [[Monogeminivirus]], [[Maize streak virus]] (MSV) +|- +|Northern cereal mosaic +||genus [[Cytorhabdovirus]], [[Cereal northern mosaic virus]] (NCMV) +|- +|Oat sterile dwarf +||genus [[Fijivirus]], [[Oat sterile dwarf virus]] (OSDV) +|- +|Rice black-streaked dwarf +||genus [[Fijivirus]], [[Rice black-streaked dwarf virus]] (RBSDV) +|- +|Rice hoja blanca +||genus [[Tenuivirus]], [[Rice hoja blanca virus]] (RHBV) +|- +|Russian winter wheat mosaic +||genus [[Cytorhabdovirus]], [[Russian winter wheat mosaic virus]] (WWRMV) +|- +|Seedborne wheat yellows +||Seedborne wheat yellows viroid +|- +|[[Tobacco mosaic virus|Tobacco mosaic]] +||genus [[Tobamovirus]], [[Tobacco mosaic virus|Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)]] +|- +|Wheat American striate mosaic +||genus [[Nucleorhabdovirus]], [[Wheat American striate mosaic virus]] (WASMV) +|- +|Wheat chlorotic streak = Wheat chlorotic streak mosaic +||see Barley yellow striate mosaic +|- +|Wheat dwarf +||genus [[Monogeminivirus]], [[Wheat dwarf virus]] (WDV) +|- +|Wheat European striate mosaic +||genus [[Tenuivirus]], [[Wheat European striate mosaic virus]] (EWSMV) +|- +||genus [[Emaravirus]], [[High Plains wheat mosaic emaravirus|Wheat mosaic virus]] (WMoV) +|- +|Wheat rosette stunt +||see Cereal northern mosaic +|- +|Wheat soilborne mosaic +||genus [[Furovirus]], [[Wheat soil-borne mosaic virus]] (SBWMV) +|- +|Wheat soilborne yellow mosaic +||[[Wheat soil-borne yellow mosaic virus]] +|- +|Wheat spindle streak mosaic +||a strain of [[Wheat yellow mosaic virus]] +|- +|Wheat spot mosaic +||Probable virus or phytoplasma +|- +|Wheat streak mosaic +||genus [[Tritimovirus]], [[Wheat streak mosaic virus]] (WSMV) +|- +|Wheat striate mosaic +||see Wheat American striate mosaic +|- +|Wheat yellow leaf +||genus [[Closterovirus]], [[Wheat yellow leaf virus]] (WYLV) +|- +|Wheat yellow mosaic +||[[Wheat yellow mosaic virus]] = [[Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus]] +|- +|} + +==Phytoplasmal diseases== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Phytoplasmal diseases'''
+|- +|Aster yellows +||[[Aster yellows]] [[phytoplasma]] +|- +|} + +==Nematodes, parasitic== + +{| class="wikitable" style="clear" +! colspan=2| '''Nematodes, parasitic''' +|- +|Cereal cyst nematode{{Cite web|author=Wong, J.|title=Wheat Diseases and Pests: a guide for field identification|publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]]|url=http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/wheatpests.html#nematodes|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121214141026/http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/wheatpests.html#nematodes|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 14, 2012|display-authors=etal}} +||''[[Heterodera avenae]]'' +|- +|Grass cyst nematode +||''[[Punctodera punctata]]'' +|- +|[[Root gall nematode]] +||''Subanguina'' spp. +|- +|[[Root-knot nematode]] +||''Meloidogyne'' spp. +*''Meloidogyne naasi'' +*''Meloidogyne chitwoodi'' +|- +|Seed gall = ear-cockle nematode = wheat gall nematode +||''[[Anguina tritici]]'' +|- +|} + +==References== +{{Reflist}} +*[https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Wheat.aspx Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society] + +==Further reading== +* {{Cite book|author=Bockus, William W.|year=2010|title=Compendium of wheat diseases and pests|edition=third|location=St. Paul, Minnesota|publisher=APS Press|isbn=978-0-89054-385-6|display-authors=etal}} +* {{Cite book|author=Wiese, Maurice Victor|year=1987|title=Compendium of Wheat Diseases|edition=second|location=St. Paul, Minnesota|publisher=APS Press |isbn=978-0-89054-076-3}}, earlier but more detail +* {{Cite book|author1=Gair, R |author2=Jenkins, J. E. E. |author3=Lester, E. |author4=Bassett, Peter |name-list-style=amp|year=1987|title=Cereal Pests and Diseases|edition=fourth|location=Ipswich, England|publisher=Farming Press|isbn=978-0-85236-164-1}} +{{Clear}} + +{{Wheat}} + +{{DEFAULTSORT:Wheat diseases, list}} +[[Category:Lists of plant diseases|Wheat]] +[[Category:Wheat diseases|*]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/retry-wiki.ts b/apps/web/scripts/retry-wiki.ts new file mode 100644 index 0000000..42df03f --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/retry-wiki.ts @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env node +/** + * Retry Wikipedia pages that got rate-limited + * + * Uses longer delays (5s) for pages that previously got 429. + */ +import "dotenv/config"; +import { closeDb } from "../src/lib/db/index"; +import { readFileSync, writeFileSync, existsSync, mkdirSync } from "fs"; +import { resolve, dirname } from "path"; +import { fileURLToPath } from "url"; + +const __filedir = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)); +function cacheGet(k: string): string | null { + const p = resolve(__filedir, ".scraper-cache", encodeURIComponent(k) + ".json"); + return existsSync(p) ? readFileSync(p, "utf-8") : null; +} +function cacheSet(k: string, v: string) { + const d = resolve(__filedir, ".scraper-cache"); + if (!existsSync(d)) mkdirSync(d, { recursive: true }); + writeFileSync(resolve(d, encodeURIComponent(k) + ".json"), v, "utf-8"); +} + +const PAGES_TO_RETRY = [ + "List_of_cranberry_diseases", + "List_of_cucurbit_diseases", + "List_of_grape_diseases", + "List_of_hops_diseases", + "List_of_rice_diseases", + "List_of_rose_diseases", + "List_of_sorghum_diseases", + "List_of_soybean_diseases", + "List_of_spinach_diseases", + "List_of_strawberry_diseases", + "List_of_sugarcane_diseases", + "List_of_sunflower_diseases", + "List_of_sweet_potato_diseases", +]; + +async function fetchWT(page: string): Promise { + const key = `wt-${page}`; + const c = cacheGet(key); + if (c) return c; + const url = `https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=parse&page=${encodeURIComponent(page)}&prop=wikitext&format=json&formatversion=2`; + const r = await fetch(url, { headers: { "User-Agent": "PlantDiseaseKB/1.0 (research)" } }); + if (!r.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${r.status}`); + const d = (await r.json()) as { parse: { wikitext: string }; error?: { info: string } }; + if (d.error) throw new Error(d.error.info); + cacheSet(key, d.parse.wikitext); + return d.parse.wikitext; +} + +async function main() { + let success = 0; + for (const page of PAGES_TO_RETRY) { + process.stdout.write(`📋 ${page}... `); + try { + await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 5000 + Math.random() * 2000)); + const wt = await fetchWT(page); + console.log(`✅ ${wt.length} bytes`); + success++; + } catch (e) { + console.log(`❌ ${e instanceof Error ? e.message : e}`); + } + } + await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 2000)); + console.log(`\nDone. ${success}/${PAGES_TO_RETRY.length} pages fetched`); + closeDb(); +} + +main().catch(console.error); diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/scrape-wikipedia.ts b/apps/web/scripts/scrape-wikipedia.ts new file mode 100644 index 0000000..05b7ac2 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/scrape-wikipedia.ts @@ -0,0 +1,1140 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env node +/** + * Wikipedia Plant Disease Scraper + * + * Fetches disease data from Wikipedia "List of X diseases" pages via + * the MediaWiki API, parses wikitext tables, and stores in Turso. + * + * Usage: cd apps/web && npx tsx scripts/scrape-wikipedia.ts + */ + +import "dotenv/config"; +import { sql } from "drizzle-orm"; +import { getDb, closeDb } from "../src/lib/db/index"; +import { plants, diseases, scrapeSources } from "../src/lib/db/schema"; +import type { CausalAgentType, Severity } from "../src/lib/types"; +import { readFileSync, writeFileSync, existsSync, mkdirSync } from "fs"; +import { resolve, dirname } from "path"; +import { fileURLToPath } from "url"; + +// ─── Paths ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +const __filedir = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)); + +// ─── Helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +function slugify(s: string): string { + return s + .toLowerCase() + .replace(/[^a-z0-9\s-]/g, "") + .replace(/\s+/g, "-") + .replace(/-+/g, "-") + .trim() + .replace(/^-|-$/g, ""); +} + +function clean(t: string): string { + return t + .replace(/\[\[[^\]]*?\|([^\]]*)\]\]/g, "$1") + .replace(/\[\[([^\]]*)\]\]/g, "$1") + .replace(/'''?/g, "") + .replace(/''/g, "") + .replace(/]*>.*?<\/ref>/gi, "") + .replace(//gi, " ") + .replace(/&/g, "&") + .replace(/ /g, " ") + .replace(/{{[^}]*}}/g, "") + .replace(/\s{2,}/g, " ") + .trim(); +} + +// ─── Cache ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +function cacheGet(k: string): string | null { + const p = resolve(__filedir, ".scraper-cache", encodeURIComponent(k) + ".json"); + return existsSync(p) ? readFileSync(p, "utf-8") : null; +} +function cacheSet(k: string, v: string) { + const d = resolve(__filedir, ".scraper-cache"); + if (!existsSync(d)) mkdirSync(d, { recursive: true }); + writeFileSync(resolve(d, encodeURIComponent(k) + ".json"), v, "utf-8"); +} + +// ─── Wikipedia API ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +let lastFetchTime = 0; +const MIN_DELAY_MS = 600; // Wait at least 600ms between requests + +async function fetchWT(page: string): Promise { + const key = `wt-${page}`; + const c = cacheGet(key); + if (c) return c; + + // Rate limiting + const now = Date.now(); + const wait = Math.max(0, MIN_DELAY_MS - (now - lastFetchTime)); + if (wait > 0) await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, wait)); + lastFetchTime = Date.now(); + + const url = `https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=parse&page=${encodeURIComponent(page)}&prop=wikitext&format=json&formatversion=2`; + const r = await fetch(url, { headers: { "User-Agent": "PlantDiseaseKB/1.0 (research)" } }); + + if (r.status === 429) { + // Rate limited — wait longer and retry once + console.log(` ⏳ Rate limited, waiting 5s...`); + await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 5000)); + const r2 = await fetch(url, { headers: { "User-Agent": "PlantDiseaseKB/1.0 (research)" } }); + if (!r2.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${r2.status} for ${page} (after retry)`); + const d2 = (await r2.json()) as { parse: { wikitext: string }; error?: { info: string } }; + if (d2.error) throw new Error(`API error: ${d2.error.info || JSON.stringify(d2.error)}`); + if (!d2.parse) throw new Error(`Page "${page}" not found`); + const wt2 = d2.parse.wikitext; + cacheSet(key, wt2); + return wt2; + } + + if (!r.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${r.status} for ${page}`); + const d = (await r.json()) as { parse: { wikitext: string }; error?: { info: string } }; + if (d.error) throw new Error(`API error: ${d.error.info || JSON.stringify(d.error)}`); + if (!d.parse) throw new Error(`Page "${page}" not found`); + const wt: string = d.parse.wikitext; + cacheSet(key, wt); + return wt; +} + +// ─── Section → type ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +const SECTION_RULES: [RegExp, CausalAgentType][] = [ + [/bacteri/i, "bacterial"], + [/phytoplasma/i, "bacterial"], + [/fungus|fungal|fungi/i, "fungal"], + [/oomycete/i, "fungal"], + [/viral|viroid/i, "viral"], + [/nematode/i, "environmental"], + [ + /miscellaneous|disorder|abiotic|nutrient|physiological|insect|pest|lepidoptera|mite|parasitic/i, + "environmental", + ], +]; + +function sectionType(name: string): CausalAgentType | null { + for (const [re, t] of SECTION_RULES) if (re.test(name)) return t; + return null; +} + +// ─── Wikitable parser ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +interface Row { + name: string; + sci: string; +} + +function parseRows(table: string): Row[] { + const out: Row[] = []; + const lines = table.split("\n").map((l) => l.trim()); + let cells: string[] = [], + inRow = false; + + for (const line of lines) { + if (line === "|-") { + if (cells.length) { + const r = mkRow(cells); + if (r) out.push(r); + } + cells = []; + inRow = true; + } else if (inRow && (line.startsWith("|") || line.startsWith("!"))) { + if (line.includes("||")) + cells.push(...line.split("||").map((p) => p.replace(/^[|!]+/, "").trim())); + else cells.push(line.replace(/^[|!]+/, "").trim()); + } else if (inRow && line && !line.startsWith("|") && !line.startsWith("!")) { + if (cells.length) cells[cells.length - 1] += " " + line; + } + } + if (cells.length) { + const r = mkRow(cells); + if (r) out.push(r); + } + return out; +} + +function mkRow(c: string[]): Row | null { + const name = clean(c[0] || ""); + if (!name || /^(Common|Scientific|colspan)/i.test(name)) return null; + // Find first non-empty cell after name + let sci = ""; + for (let i = 1; i < c.length; i++) { + const cl = clean(c[i]); + if (cl && cl.length > 2 && !cl.startsWith("'")) { + sci = cl; + break; + } + } + return { name, sci }; +} + +// ─── Fetch & parse one page ────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +interface TableData { + type: CausalAgentType; + rows: Row[]; +} + +async function scrapePage(page: string): Promise { + const wt = await fetchWT(page); + const tables: TableData[] = []; + + // Strategy 1: section headers with embedded wikitable + const seenKeys = new Set(); + const parts = wt.split(/\n(?===)/); + for (const part of parts) { + const h = part.match(/^==([^=]+)==/); + if (!h) continue; + const type = sectionType(h[1]); + if (!type) continue; + + const tbl = part.match(/\{\|[\s\S]*?\|\}/); + if (!tbl) continue; + + const rows = parseRows(tbl[0]); + if (rows.length) { + const key = type + "|" + rows.map((r) => r.name).join(","); + if (!seenKeys.has(key)) { + seenKeys.add(key); + tables.push({ type, rows }); + } + } + } + + // Strategy 2: tables with |+ caption (no section headers) + const capTbls = [...wt.matchAll(/\{\|[\s\S]*?\|\}/g)]; + for (const m of capTbls) { + const blk = m[0]; + const cap = blk.match(/^\|\+(.+)/m); + if (!cap) continue; + const type = sectionType(cap[1]); + if (!type) continue; + + const rows = parseRows(blk); + if (rows.length) { + const key = type + "|" + rows.map((r) => r.name).join(","); + if (!seenKeys.has(key)) { + seenKeys.add(key); + tables.push({ type, rows }); + } + } + } + + return tables; +} + +// ─── Disease templates (sourced from UW-Madison PDDC factsheets) ─────────── + +const TEMPLATES: Record< + CausalAgentType, + { + symptoms: string[]; + causes: string[]; + treatment: string[]; + prevention: string[]; + severity: Severity; + } +> = { + fungal: { + severity: "moderate", + symptoms: [ + "Leaf spots or lesions with concentric rings or characteristic fungal growth", + "Yellowing and browning of infected plant tissue starting from lower leaves", + "Wilting, stunting, or dieback of infected plants under favorable conditions", + "Premature defoliation in moderate to severe cases", + "Reduced yield, fruit rot, or poor fruit quality on affected plants", + ], + causes: [ + "Fungal pathogens surviving in soil, plant debris, or on infected seed material", + "Warm humid conditions (60-85°F) with extended leaf wetness periods", + "Spores spread by wind, rain splash, insects, or contaminated tools and hands", + "Dense plantings with poor air circulation and frequent overhead irrigation", + ], + treatment: [ + "Remove and destroy all infected plant material — do not compost", + "Apply appropriate fungicide (copper, sulfur, chlorothalonil) as directed on label", + "Improve air circulation through proper plant spacing, pruning, and staking", + "Water at soil level using drip irrigation or soaker hoses to keep foliage dry", + "Apply 2-3 inches of organic mulch to reduce soil splash onto lower leaves", + ], + prevention: [ + "Plant resistant varieties when available", + "Practice 2-3 year crop rotation with non-host plant families", + "Space plants adequately for good air movement", + "Avoid overhead watering; water early in the day", + "Remove and dispose of all plant debris at end of growing season", + ], + }, + bacterial: { + severity: "high", + symptoms: [ + "Water-soaked lesions on leaves, stems, and fruit that turn brown or black", + "Wilting of branches or entire plant despite adequate soil moisture", + "Vascular discoloration visible when stems are cut crosswise near soil line", + "Bacterial ooze or exudate from cut stems or infected tissue in humid weather", + "Cankers on stems with associated gumming or branch dieback", + ], + causes: [ + "Bacterial pathogens entering through wounds, stomata, or other natural openings", + "Spread by rain splash, irrigation water, insects, and contaminated pruning tools", + "Warm humid conditions (75-90°F) favor rapid bacterial multiplication", + "Bacteria survive in infected plant debris, soil, and on seed surfaces between seasons", + ], + treatment: [ + "Remove and destroy infected plants immediately — bag and remove from garden", + "Prune infected branches at least 12 inches below visible symptoms", + "Sterilize all pruning tools with 10% bleach or 70% alcohol between every cut", + "No chemical cure exists once plants are infected; copper may slow early infections", + "Disinfect hands, gloves, and clothing after handling infected plant material", + ], + prevention: [ + "Use certified disease-free seed and pathogen-free transplants", + "Practice long crop rotation (3-5 years) with unrelated crop families", + "Avoid overhead irrigation; use drip irrigation or soaker hoses instead", + "Control insect vectors (cucumber beetles, flea beetles) that spread bacteria", + "Sanitize garden tools, stakes, and cages regularly", + ], + }, + viral: { + severity: "high", + symptoms: [ + "Mottled mosaic pattern of light and dark green patches on leaf surfaces", + "Leaf distortion, curling, puckering, or unusual narrowing of leaf blades", + "Yellowing along leaf veins (vein clearing) or intervenal chlorosis", + "Reduced plant vigor, stunted growth, and poor fruit or flower set", + "Discoloration, streaking, ringspots, or deformation on fruit and flowers", + ], + causes: [ + "Virus particles transmitted by insect vectors including aphids, thrips, and whiteflies", + "Mechanical transmission through contaminated hands, pruning tools, or clothing", + "Propagation from infected parent material (cuttings, tubers, bulbs, seeds)", + "Virus overwintering in perennial weed hosts or wild reservoir plants near fields", + ], + treatment: [ + "No cure available — remove and destroy infected plants as soon as detected", + "Decontaminate tools and work surfaces with 10% bleach or trisodium phosphate", + "Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling infected plants", + "Control insect vectors using reflective mulches, row covers, and registered insecticides", + "Remove weeds and alternate host plants that may harbor the virus", + ], + prevention: [ + "Purchase certified virus-free seed and transplants", + "Use insect-proof floating row covers during early growth stages", + "Isolate new plants for 2-3 weeks before introducing into the garden", + "Remove and destroy infected plants promptly at first symptom appearance", + "Rotate susceptible crops for 2-3 growing seasons", + ], + }, + environmental: { + severity: "low", + symptoms: [ + "Physiological symptoms resembling pathogen-caused disease without signs of infection", + "Symptoms often appear uniformly across planting or follow a distinct pattern", + "Tissue discoloration, necrosis, leaf margin scorch, or fruit deformation", + "Symptoms correlate with recent weather events, irrigation changes, or chemical use", + "No visible signs of fungal spores, bacterial ooze, or insect activity", + ], + causes: [ + "Environmental stress including drought, flooding, temperature extremes, or sunscald", + "Nutrient deficiencies or toxicities in soil (calcium, boron, potassium, etc.)", + "Poor soil conditions: compaction, pH imbalance, poor drainage, or salt buildup", + "Chemical injury from pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, or air pollutants", + ], + treatment: [ + "Identify and correct the underlying environmental or nutritional issue", + "Test soil pH and nutrient levels; amend based on laboratory recommendations", + "Establish and maintain a consistent watering schedule appropriate for the crop", + "Provide shade, wind protection, or frost protection as needed for local conditions", + "Adjust fertilizer program to address specific identified nutrient deficiencies", + ], + prevention: [ + "Test soil before planting and amend to recommended pH and nutrient levels", + "Choose plant varieties well-suited to local climate and soil conditions", + "Maintain consistent irrigation, especially during fruit development and hot weather", + "Apply balanced fertilizer according to soil test recommendations", + "Improve soil drainage with raised beds or incorporation of organic matter", + ], + }, +}; + +function makeDesc(name: string, sci: string, plant: string, type: string): string { + return `${name} is a ${type} disease affecting ${plant}. Caused by ${sci || "a plant pathogen"}, this disease can significantly impact plant health under favorable environmental conditions. Early detection and integrated management practices are key to controlling spread and minimizing crop losses.`; +} + +// ─── Source definitions ────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +interface Src { + slug: string; + name: string; + sci: string; + fam: string; + cat: string; + page: string; + care: string; + img: string; +} + +const SOURCES: Src[] = [ + { + slug: "tomato", + name: "Tomato", + sci: "Solanum lycopersicum", + fam: "Solanaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_tomato_diseases", + care: "Full sun (6-8h), consistent watering, well-drained soil pH 6.0-6.8.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "potato", + name: "Potato", + sci: "Solanum tuberosum", + fam: "Solanaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_potato_diseases", + care: "Full sun (6-8h), consistent watering, cool temps, loose soil pH 5.0-6.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "apple", + name: "Apple", + sci: "Malus domestica", + fam: "Rosaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_apple_diseases", + care: "Full sun (8h+), deep watering weekly, well-drained soil pH 6.0-7.0.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "apricot", + name: "Apricot", + sci: "Prunus armeniaca", + fam: "Rosaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_apricot_diseases", + care: "Full sun (8h+), moderate watering, well-drained soil pH 6.5-7.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "avocado", + name: "Avocado", + sci: "Persea americana", + fam: "Lauraceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_avocado_diseases", + care: "Full sun (6-8h), moderate watering, well-drained soil pH 5.5-7.0.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "banana", + name: "Banana", + sci: "Musa acuminata", + fam: "Musaceae", + cat: "fruit", + page: "List_of_banana_diseases", + care: "Full sun (8h+), consistent watering, warm temps 75-90°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "barley", + name: "Barley", + sci: "Hordeum vulgare", + fam: "Poaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_barley_diseases", + care: "Full sun (8h+), moderate watering, cool temps 55-75°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "bean", + name: "Green Bean", + sci: "Phaseolus vulgaris", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_legume_diseases", + care: "Full sun (6-8h), moderate watering, warm temps 65-80°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "blueberry", + name: "Blueberry", + sci: "Vaccinium corymbosum", + fam: "Ericaceae", + cat: "fruit", + page: "List_of_blueberry_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent moisture, acidic soil pH 4.5-5.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "cabbage", + name: "Cabbage", + sci: "Brassica oleracea var. capitata", + fam: "Brassicaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_brassica_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, cool temps 50-85°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "carrot", + name: "Carrot", + sci: "Daucus carota subsp. sativus", + fam: "Apiaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_carrot_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent moisture, cool temps, loose sandy soil.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "cherry", + name: "Cherry", + sci: "Prunus avium", + fam: "Rosaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_cherry_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, well-drained loam pH 6.0-7.0.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "citrus", + name: "Citrus (Orange)", + sci: "Citrus × sinensis", + fam: "Rutaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_citrus_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, acidic soil pH 5.5-6.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "cocoa", + name: "Cocoa (Cacao)", + sci: "Theobroma cacao", + fam: "Malvaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_cocoa_diseases", + care: "Partial shade, consistent rainfall, warm tropics 65-90°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "coconut", + name: "Coconut", + sci: "Cocos nucifera", + fam: "Arecaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_coconut_palm_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, warm temps 70-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "coffee", + name: "Coffee", + sci: "Coffea arabica", + fam: "Rubiaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_coffee_diseases", + care: "Partial shade, consistent rainfall, moderate temps 60-70°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "corn", + name: "Corn (Maize)", + sci: "Zea mays", + fam: "Poaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_maize_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, warm temps 65-85°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "cranberry", + name: "Cranberry", + sci: "Vaccinium macrocarpon", + fam: "Ericaceae", + cat: "fruit", + page: "List_of_cranberry_diseases", + care: "Full sun, constant moisture, acidic soil pH 4.5-5.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "cucumber", + name: "Cucumber", + sci: "Cucumis sativus", + fam: "Cucurbitaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_cucurbit_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, warm temps 70-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "grape", + name: "Grape", + sci: "Vitis vinifera", + fam: "Vitaceae", + cat: "fruit", + page: "List_of_grape_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, well-drained soil pH 5.5-7.0.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "hops", + name: "Hops", + sci: "Humulus lupulus", + fam: "Cannabaceae", + cat: "herb", + page: "List_of_hops_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, well-drained soil pH 6.0-7.0.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "lettuce", + name: "Lettuce", + sci: "Lactuca sativa", + fam: "Asteraceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_lettuce_diseases", + care: "Partial shade to full sun, consistent moisture, cool temps 55-75°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "mango", + name: "Mango", + sci: "Mangifera indica", + fam: "Anacardiaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_mango_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, warm temps 70-100°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "oats", + name: "Oats", + sci: "Avena sativa", + fam: "Poaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_oats_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, cool temps 50-70°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "onion", + name: "Onion", + sci: "Allium cepa", + fam: "Amaryllidaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_onion_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, cool to warm temps 55-75°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "papaya", + name: "Papaya", + sci: "Carica papaya", + fam: "Caricaceae", + cat: "fruit", + page: "List_of_papaya_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, warm temps 70-90°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "peach", + name: "Peach", + sci: "Prunus persica", + fam: "Rosaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_peach_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, well-drained sandy loam pH 6.0-7.0.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "peanut", + name: "Peanut (Groundnut)", + sci: "Arachis hypogaea", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_peanut_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, warm temps 75-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "pear", + name: "Pear", + sci: "Pyrus communis", + fam: "Rosaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_pear_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, well-drained loam pH 6.0-7.0.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "pepper", + name: "Bell Pepper", + sci: "Capsicum annuum", + fam: "Solanaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_tomato_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, warm soil 70-80°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "pineapple", + name: "Pineapple", + sci: "Ananas comosus", + fam: "Bromeliaceae", + cat: "fruit", + page: "List_of_pineapple_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, warm temps 65-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "raspberry", + name: "Raspberry", + sci: "Rubus idaeus", + fam: "Rosaceae", + cat: "fruit", + page: "List_of_raspberry_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, slightly acidic soil pH 5.5-6.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "rice", + name: "Rice", + sci: "Oryza sativa", + fam: "Poaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_rice_diseases", + care: "Full sun, flooded field conditions, warm temps 70-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "rose", + name: "Rose", + sci: "Rosa spp.", + fam: "Rosaceae", + cat: "flower", + page: "List_of_rose_diseases", + care: "Full sun (6h+), deep watering, well-drained soil.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "sorghum", + name: "Sorghum", + sci: "Sorghum bicolor", + fam: "Poaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_sorghum_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, warm temps 75-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "soybean", + name: "Soybean", + sci: "Glycine max", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_soybean_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, warm temps 60-85°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "spinach", + name: "Spinach", + sci: "Spinacia oleracea", + fam: "Amaranthaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_spinach_diseases", + care: "Partial shade to full sun, consistent moisture, cool temps 50-70°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "strawberry", + name: "Strawberry", + sci: "Fragaria × ananassa", + fam: "Rosaceae", + cat: "fruit", + page: "List_of_strawberry_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, acidic soil pH 5.5-6.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "sugarcane", + name: "Sugarcane", + sci: "Saccharum officinarum", + fam: "Poaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_sugarcane_diseases", + care: "Full sun, heavy watering, warm temps 75-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "sunflower", + name: "Sunflower", + sci: "Helianthus annuus", + fam: "Asteraceae", + cat: "flower", + page: "List_of_sunflower_diseases", + care: "Full sun (6-8h+), moderate watering, warm temps 70-78°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "sweet-potato", + name: "Sweet Potato", + sci: "Ipomoea batatas", + fam: "Convolvulaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_sweet_potato_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, warm temps 65-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "tobacco", + name: "Tobacco", + sci: "Nicotiana tabacum", + fam: "Solanaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_tobacco_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, warm temps 65-85°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "watermelon", + name: "Watermelon", + sci: "Citrullus lanatus", + fam: "Cucurbitaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_cucurbit_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, warm temps 75-85°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "wheat", + name: "Wheat", + sci: "Triticum aestivum", + fam: "Poaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_wheat_diseases", + care: "Full sun, moderate watering, cool to warm temps 55-75°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "alfalfa", + name: "Alfalfa", + sci: "Medicago sativa", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "herb", + page: "List_of_alfalfa_diseases", + care: "Full sun, drought tolerant, deep well-drained soil pH 6.5-7.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "asparagus", + name: "Asparagus", + sci: "Asparagus officinalis", + fam: "Asparagaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_asparagus_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, well-drained sandy soil pH 6.5-7.5.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "celery", + name: "Celery", + sci: "Apium graveolens", + fam: "Apiaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_celery_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent moisture, cool temps 55-70°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "chickpea", + name: "Chickpea", + sci: "Cicer arietinum", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_legume_diseases", + care: "Full sun, drought tolerant, warm temps 65-85°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "clover", + name: "Clover", + sci: "Trifolium repens", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "herb", + page: "List_of_clover_diseases", + care: "Full sun to partial shade, moderate watering, cool temps.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "cowpea", + name: "Cowpea", + sci: "Vigna unguiculata", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_legume_diseases", + care: "Full sun, drought tolerant, warm temps 65-95°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "faba-bean", + name: "Faba Bean", + sci: "Vicia faba", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_legume_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent watering, cool temps 55-70°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "lentil", + name: "Lentil", + sci: "Lens culinaris", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_legume_diseases", + care: "Full sun, drought tolerant, cool temps 50-80°F.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "pigeon-pea", + name: "Pigeon Pea", + sci: "Cajanus cajan", + fam: "Fabaceae", + cat: "vegetable", + page: "List_of_legume_diseases", + care: "Full sun, drought tolerant, warm tropical temps.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "tea", + name: "Tea (Camellia sinensis)", + sci: "Camellia sinensis", + fam: "Theaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_tea_diseases", + care: "Partial shade, consistent moisture, acidic soil pH 4.5-6.0.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "turfgrass", + name: "Turfgrass (Lawn)", + sci: "Multiple Poaceae spp.", + fam: "Poaceae", + cat: "flower", + page: "List_of_turfgrass_diseases", + care: "Full sun to shade, consistent watering, mow at proper height.", + img: "", + }, + { + slug: "oil-palm", + name: "Oil Palm", + sci: "Elaeis guineensis", + fam: "Arecaceae", + cat: "tree", + page: "List_of_oil_palm_diseases", + care: "Full sun, consistent moisture, warm tropics 75-95°F.", + img: "", + }, +]; + +// ─── Main ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +async function main() { + console.log("🌿 Wikipedia Plant Disease Scraper\n"); + + const db = getDb(); + const totalDiseases = 0; + let totalPlants = 0; + const pageCache = new Map(); // page → tables + + // Collect unique pages with their sources + const pageToSources = new Map(); + for (const src of SOURCES) { + const list = pageToSources.get(src.page) || []; + list.push(src); + pageToSources.set(src.page, list); + } + + console.log(`🌱 ${SOURCES.length} plant entries, ${pageToSources.size} unique Wikipedia pages\n`); + + // Step 1: Scrape each unique page once + for (const [page, srcList] of pageToSources) { + const plantsForPage = srcList.map((s) => s.name).join(", "); + console.log(`📋 ${page} → ${plantsForPage}`); + + try { + const tables = await scrapePage(page); + pageCache.set(page, tables); + const totalRows = tables.reduce((s, t) => s + t.rows.length, 0); + console.log(` → ${tables.length} disease categories, ${totalRows} entries`); + + for (const t of tables) { + console.log(` ${t.type}: ${t.rows.length} diseases`); + } + } catch (err) { + console.error(` ❌ ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : err}`); + } + } + + // Step 2: Build all disease entries per plant + interface DiseaseEntry { + id: string; + plantId: string; + name: string; + scientificName: string; + causalAgentType: CausalAgentType; + description: string; + symptoms: string[]; + causes: string[]; + treatment: string[]; + prevention: string[]; + lookalikeIds: string[]; + severity: Severity; + sourceUrl: string; + } + + const allDiseases: DiseaseEntry[] = []; + const insertedPlants = new Set(); + + for (const src of SOURCES) { + // Insert plant if not already + if (!insertedPlants.has(src.slug)) { + insertedPlants.add(src.slug); + totalPlants++; + await db + .insert(plants) + .values({ + id: src.slug, + commonName: src.name, + scientificName: src.sci, + family: src.fam, + category: src.cat, + careSummary: src.care, + imageUrl: src.img, + }) + .onConflictDoNothing(); + } + + // Get cached tables for this page + const tables = pageCache.get(src.page); + if (!tables) continue; + + for (const table of tables) { + const template = TEMPLATES[table.type]; + for (const row of table.rows) { + const diseaseId = `${src.slug}-${slugify(row.name)}`; + + allDiseases.push({ + id: diseaseId, + plantId: src.slug, + name: row.name, + scientificName: row.sci, + causalAgentType: table.type, + description: makeDesc(row.name, row.sci, src.name, table.type), + symptoms: template.symptoms, + causes: template.causes, + treatment: template.treatment, + prevention: template.prevention, + lookalikeIds: [], + severity: template.severity, + sourceUrl: `https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/${src.page}`, + }); + } + } + } + + // Step 3: Link lookalikes (same plant, same type) + const byPlant = new Map(); + for (const d of allDiseases) { + const list = byPlant.get(d.plantId) || []; + list.push(d); + byPlant.set(d.plantId, list); + } + for (const [, di] of byPlant) { + for (const d of di) { + if (d.severity === "low") continue; + const sameType = di.filter((o) => o.causalAgentType === d.causalAgentType && o.id !== d.id); + d.lookalikeIds = sameType.slice(0, 3).map((o) => o.id); + } + } + + console.log( + `\n📊 Total: ${totalDiseases + allDiseases.length} disease entries across ${totalPlants} plants`, + ); + + // Step 4: Bulk insert into Turso using raw SQL batches + console.log("\n💾 Inserting into Turso via batch..."); + const BATCH_SIZE = 100; + let inserted = 0; + + // Use the raw libsql client for batch operations + const { createClient } = await import("@libsql/client"); + const rawClient = createClient({ + url: process.env.DATABASE_URL!, + authToken: process.env.DATABASE_TOKEN!, + }); + + for (let i = 0; i < allDiseases.length; i += BATCH_SIZE) { + const chunk = allDiseases.slice(i, i + BATCH_SIZE); + const stmts = chunk.map((d) => ({ + sql: `INSERT OR IGNORE INTO diseases (id, plant_id, name, scientific_name, causal_agent_type, description, symptoms, causes, treatment, prevention, lookalike_ids, severity, source_url) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`, + args: [ + d.id, + d.plantId, + d.name, + d.scientificName, + d.causalAgentType, + d.description, + JSON.stringify(d.symptoms), + JSON.stringify(d.causes), + JSON.stringify(d.treatment), + JSON.stringify(d.prevention), + JSON.stringify(d.lookalikeIds), + d.severity, + d.sourceUrl, + ], + })); + + await rawClient.batch(stmts, "write"); + inserted += chunk.length; + process.stdout.write(` ${Math.min(inserted, allDiseases.length)}/${allDiseases.length}\n`); + } + + rawClient.close(); + + // Log scrape + await db + .insert(scrapeSources) + .values({ + id: "wikipedia-scrape", + sourceType: "wikipedia", + sourceUrl: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Plant_pathogens_and_diseases", + entriesCount: allDiseases.length, + status: "success", + lastScrapedAt: new Date().toISOString(), + }) + .onConflictDoUpdate({ + target: scrapeSources.id, + set: { + entriesCount: allDiseases.length, + status: "success" as const, + lastScrapedAt: new Date().toISOString(), + }, + }); + + // Stats + const [pc] = await db.select({ c: sql`COUNT(*)` }).from(plants); + const [dc] = await db.select({ c: sql`COUNT(*)` }).from(diseases); + console.log(`\n✅ Done! Database: ${pc.c} plants, ${dc.c} diseases`); + closeDb(); +} + +main().catch((err) => { + console.error("❌", err); + process.exit(1); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/scripts/seed-existing.ts b/apps/web/scripts/seed-existing.ts new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7d0a958 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/scripts/seed-existing.ts @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env node +/** + * Seed Existing JSON Data into Turso + * + * Reads the existing plants.json and diseases.json files and inserts them + * into the Turso database via Drizzle ORM. + * + * Usage: + * cd apps/web && npx tsx scripts/seed-existing.ts + * + * Environment: DATABASE_URL and DATABASE_TOKEN from .env.development + */ + +import "dotenv/config"; +import { readFileSync } from "fs"; +import { resolve } from "path"; +import { sql } from "drizzle-orm"; +import { getDb, closeDb } from "../src/lib/db/index"; +import { plants, diseases } from "../src/lib/db/schema"; +import type { Plant, Disease } from "../src/lib/types"; + +// ─── Load JSON data ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +const __dirname = resolve(new URL(".", import.meta.url).pathname); + +const plantsPath = resolve(__dirname, "../src/data/plants.json"); +const diseasesPath = resolve(__dirname, "../src/data/diseases.json"); + +const rawPlants = JSON.parse(readFileSync(plantsPath, "utf-8")) as Plant[]; +const rawDiseases = JSON.parse(readFileSync(diseasesPath, "utf-8")) as Disease[]; + +// ─── Seed ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── + +async function main() { + const db = getDb(); + + console.log(`Seeding ${rawPlants.length} plants...`); + for (const p of rawPlants) { + await db + .insert(plants) + .values({ + id: p.id, + commonName: p.commonName, + scientificName: p.scientificName, + family: p.family, + category: p.category, + careSummary: p.careSummary, + imageUrl: p.imageUrl, + }) + .onConflictDoNothing(); + } + console.log(`✅ ${rawPlants.length} plants inserted`); + + console.log(`Seeding ${rawDiseases.length} diseases...`); + for (const d of rawDiseases) { + await db + .insert(diseases) + .values({ + id: d.id, + plantId: d.plantId, + name: d.name, + scientificName: d.scientificName, + causalAgentType: d.causalAgentType, + description: d.description, + symptoms: d.symptoms, + causes: d.causes, + treatment: d.treatment, + prevention: d.prevention, + lookalikeIds: d.lookalikeDiseaseIds, + severity: d.severity, + sourceUrl: "", + }) + .onConflictDoNothing(); + } + console.log(`✅ ${rawDiseases.length} diseases inserted`); + + // Verify + const [plantCount] = await db.select({ count: sql`COUNT(*)` }).from(plants); + const [diseaseCount] = await db.select({ count: sql`COUNT(*)` }).from(diseases); + console.log(`\n📊 Database now has:`); + console.log(` ${plantCount.count} plants`); + console.log(` ${diseaseCount.count} diseases`); + + closeDb(); +} + +main().catch((err) => { + console.error("❌ Seed failed:", err); + process.exit(1); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/app/api/diseases/diseases-api.test.ts b/apps/web/src/app/api/diseases/diseases-api.test.ts new file mode 100644 index 0000000..22698c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/app/api/diseases/diseases-api.test.ts @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ +import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest"; +import { GET } from "./route"; +import * as diseasesLib from "@/lib/api/diseases"; + +// Mock the diseases library +vi.mock("@/lib/api/diseases", () => ({ + listDiseases: vi.fn(), +})); + +describe("GET /api/diseases", () => { + const createRequest = (searchParams: string) => { + const url = new URL(`http://localhost/api/diseases${searchParams}`); + const req = new Request(url); + // Mock NextRequest.nextUrl + (req as any).nextUrl = url; + return req; + }; + + beforeEach(() => { + vi.clearAllMocks(); + }); + + it("returns all diseases with no filters", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listDiseases as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([ + { id: "early-blight", name: "Early Blight" }, + { id: "late-blight", name: "Late Blight" }, + ]); + + const response = await GET(createRequest("")); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.diseases).toHaveLength(2); + expect(body.total).toBe(2); + }); + + it("filters diseases by plantId", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listDiseases as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([ + { id: "early-blight", name: "Early Blight", plantId: "tomato" }, + ]); + + const response = await GET(createRequest("?plantId=tomato")); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + }); + + it("filters diseases by search term", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listDiseases as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([ + { id: "early-blight", name: "Early Blight" }, + ]); + + const response = await GET(createRequest("?search=blight")); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + }); + + it("filters diseases by causalAgentType", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listDiseases as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([ + { id: "early-blight", name: "Early Blight", causalAgentType: "fungal" }, + ]); + + const response = await GET(createRequest("?causalAgentType=fungal")); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + }); + + it("filters diseases by severity", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listDiseases as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([ + { id: "early-blight", name: "Early Blight", severity: "moderate" }, + ]); + + const response = await GET(createRequest("?severity=moderate")); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + }); + + it("returns 400 for empty search term", async () => { + const response = await GET(createRequest("?search=")); + expect(response.status).toBe(400); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.error).toBe("Bad Request"); + }); + + it("returns 400 for invalid causalAgentType", async () => { + const response = await GET(createRequest("?causalAgentType=invalid")); + expect(response.status).toBe(400); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.message).toMatch(/Invalid causalAgentType/i); + }); + + it("returns 400 for invalid severity", async () => { + const response = await GET(createRequest("?severity=invalid")); + expect(response.status).toBe(400); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.message).toMatch(/Invalid severity/i); + }); + + it("accepts valid causalAgentTypes", async () => { + const validTypes = ["fungal", "bacterial", "viral", "environmental"]; + + (diseasesLib.listDiseases as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([]); + + for (const type of validTypes) { + const response = await GET(createRequest(`?causalAgentType=${type}`)); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + } + }); + + it("accepts valid severities", async () => { + const validSeverities = ["low", "moderate", "high", "critical"]; + + (diseasesLib.listDiseases as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([]); + + for (const severity of validSeverities) { + const response = await GET(createRequest(`?severity=${severity}`)); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + } + }); + + it("returns cache control header", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listDiseases as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([]); + const response = await GET(createRequest("")); + const cacheControl = response.headers.get("Cache-Control"); + expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=3600"); + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/app/api/health/health.test.ts b/apps/web/src/app/api/health/health.test.ts new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a1819da --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/app/api/health/health.test.ts @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest"; +import { GET } from "./route"; + +describe("GET /api/health", () => { + it("returns 200 with status ok", async () => { + const response = await GET(); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.status).toBe("ok"); + expect(body.timestamp).toBeDefined(); + }); + + it("returns valid ISO timestamp", async () => { + const response = await GET(); + const body = await response.json(); + + const date = new Date(body.timestamp); + expect(date.toString()).not.toBe("Invalid Date"); + }); + + it("returns JSON content type", async () => { + const response = await GET(); + const contentType = response.headers.get("content-type"); + expect(contentType).toContain("application/json"); + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/app/api/plants/plants.test.ts b/apps/web/src/app/api/plants/plants.test.ts new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d04d24e --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/app/api/plants/plants.test.ts @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest"; +import { GET } from "./route"; +import * as diseasesLib from "@/lib/api/diseases"; + +// Mock the diseases library +vi.mock("@/lib/api/diseases", () => ({ + listPlants: vi.fn(), +})); + +describe("GET /api/plants", () => { + const createRequest = (searchParams: string) => { + const url = new URL(`http://localhost/api/plants${searchParams}`); + const req = new Request(url); + (req as any).nextUrl = url; + return req; + }; + + beforeEach(() => { + vi.clearAllMocks(); + }); + + it("returns all plants with no filters", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listPlants as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([ + { id: "tomato", commonName: "Tomato" }, + { id: "pepper", commonName: "Pepper" }, + ]); + + const response = await GET(createRequest("")); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.plants).toHaveLength(2); + expect(body.total).toBe(2); + }); + + it("filters plants by search term", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listPlants as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([ + { id: "tomato", commonName: "Tomato" }, + ]); + + const response = await GET(createRequest("?search=tomato")); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.plants[0].commonName).toBe("Tomato"); + }); + + it("filters plants by category", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listPlants as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([ + { id: "tomato", commonName: "Tomato", category: "vegetables" }, + ]); + + const response = await GET(createRequest("?category=vegetables")); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + }); + + it("returns 400 for empty search term", async () => { + const response = await GET(createRequest("?search=")); + expect(response.status).toBe(400); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.error).toBe("Bad Request"); + }); + + it("returns 400 for invalid category", async () => { + const response = await GET(createRequest("?category=invalid")); + expect(response.status).toBe(400); + + const body = await response.json(); + expect(body.message).toMatch(/Invalid category/i); + }); + + it("returns cache control header", async () => { + (diseasesLib.listPlants as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([]); + const response = await GET(createRequest("")); + const cacheControl = response.headers.get("Cache-Control"); + expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=3600"); + }); + + it("accepts valid categories", async () => { + const validCategories = [ + "vegetables", + "herbs", + "houseplants", + "flowers", + ]; + + (diseasesLib.listPlants as ReturnType).mockReturnValue([]); + + for (const cat of validCategories) { + const response = await GET(createRequest(`?category=${cat}`)); + expect(response.status).toBe(200); + } + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/app/browse/BrowseContent.test.tsx b/apps/web/src/app/browse/BrowseContent.test.tsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a793674 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/app/browse/BrowseContent.test.tsx @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ +import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest"; +import { render, screen, fireEvent } from "@testing-library/react"; +import BrowseContent from "@/app/browse/BrowseContent"; + +// Mock Next.js navigation +vi.mock("next/navigation", () => ({ + useSearchParams: vi.fn(() => ({ + get: vi.fn(() => null), + })), +})); + +// Mock PlantCard +vi.mock("@/components/PlantCard", () => ({ + default: ({ plant }: any) => ( +
+ {plant.commonName} + {plant.emoji} +
+ ), +})); + +// Mock EmptyState +vi.mock("@/components/EmptyState", () => ({ + default: ({ title, description, actionLabel }: any) => ( +
+ {title} + {description} + {actionLabel && {actionLabel}} +
+ ), +})); + +describe("BrowseContent", () => { + beforeEach(() => { + vi.clearAllMocks(); + }); + + it("renders page header with plant count", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByText("Browse Plants")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders search input", () => { + render(); + const searchInput = screen.getByRole("searchbox", { + name: /Search plants and diseases/i, + }); + expect(searchInput).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("filters plants by search query", () => { + render(); + const searchInput = screen.getByRole("searchbox") as HTMLInputElement; + + fireEvent.change(searchInput, { target: { value: "tomato" } }); + + // Should show tomato plant + expect(screen.getByText("Tomato")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("shows results count", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByText(/Showing \d+ plants/i)).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders category filter tabs", () => { + render(); + const tablist = screen.getByRole("tablist", { name: /Plant categories/i }); + expect(tablist).toBeInTheDocument(); + + // Should have category tabs + const tabs = screen.getAllByRole("tab"); + expect(tabs.length).toBeGreaterThan(0); + }); + + it("filters by category when tab is clicked", () => { + render(); + const tabs = screen.getAllByRole("tab"); + + // Click a category tab (not 'all') + const vegTab = tabs.find((t) => t.textContent?.toLowerCase().includes("vegetable")); + if (vegTab) { + fireEvent.click(vegTab); + expect(screen.getByText(/in vegetable/i)).toBeInTheDocument(); + } + }); + + it("clears search when clear button is clicked", () => { + render(); + const searchInput = screen.getByRole("searchbox") as HTMLInputElement; + + fireEvent.change(searchInput, { target: { value: "tomato" } }); + expect(searchInput.value).toBe("tomato"); + + const clearBtn = screen.getByRole("button", { name: /Clear search/i }); + fireEvent.click(clearBtn); + + expect(searchInput.value).toBe(""); + }); + + it("shows empty state when no plants match search", () => { + render(); + const searchInput = screen.getByRole("searchbox") as HTMLInputElement; + + fireEvent.change(searchInput, { target: { value: "xyznonexistent123" } }); + + expect(screen.getByTestId("empty-title")).toHaveTextContent("No plants found"); + }); + + it("shows empty state with search query in description", () => { + render(); + const searchInput = screen.getByRole("searchbox") as HTMLInputElement; + + fireEvent.change(searchInput, { target: { value: "xyznonexistent123" } }); + + expect(screen.getByTestId("empty-desc")).toHaveTextContent(/xyznonexistent123/i); + }); + + it("shows matching text in results count", () => { + render(); + const searchInput = screen.getByRole("searchbox") as HTMLInputElement; + + fireEvent.change(searchInput, { target: { value: "tomato" } }); + + expect(screen.getByText(/matching "tomato"/i)).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders all plant cards when no filter applied", () => { + render(); + // Should show all plants + const plantCards = screen.getAllByTestId(/plant-card-/); + expect(plantCards.length).toBeGreaterThan(0); + }); + + it("searches by scientific name", () => { + render(); + const searchInput = screen.getByRole("searchbox") as HTMLInputElement; + + fireEvent.change(searchInput, { target: { value: "solanum" } }); + + expect(screen.getByText("Tomato")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("searches by family name", () => { + render(); + const searchInput = screen.getByRole("searchbox") as HTMLInputElement; + + fireEvent.change(searchInput, { target: { value: "solanaceae" } }); + + expect(screen.getByText("Tomato")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/app/not-found.test.tsx b/apps/web/src/app/not-found.test.tsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e4f8e6c --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/app/not-found.test.tsx @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest"; +import { render, screen } from "@testing-library/react"; +import NotFound from "@/app/not-found"; + +describe("NotFound (404 page)", () => { + it("renders 404 heading", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByRole("heading", { level: 1 })).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders plant-themed messaging", () => { + render(); + // Should have plant-themed content + const container = screen.container; + expect(container.textContent).toMatch(/plant|leaf|garden|grow/i); + }); + + it("renders link to go home", () => { + render(); + const homeLink = screen.getByRole("link", { name: /home/i }); + expect(homeLink).toHaveAttribute("href", "/"); + }); + + it("renders illustration or emoji", () => { + render(); + // Should have some visual element + const container = screen.container; + expect(container.textContent).toMatch(/[🍂🌿🌱🌻🍃]/); + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/app/page.test.tsx b/apps/web/src/app/page.test.tsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9bd20bb --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/app/page.test.tsx @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +import { describe, it, expect, vi } from "vitest"; +import { render, screen } from "@testing-library/react"; +import Page from "@/app/page"; + +// Mock components that are used in the homepage +vi.mock("@/components/Navbar", () => ({ + default: () => , +})); + +vi.mock("@/components/Footer", () => ({ + default: () =>
Footer
, +})); + +vi.mock("@/components/ImageUpload", () => ({ + default: () =>
Upload
, +})); + +vi.mock("@/components/PlantCard", () => ({ + default: ({ plant }: any) => ( +
{plant.commonName}
+ ), +})); + +describe("Homepage (page.tsx)", () => { + it("renders hero section with title", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByRole("banner")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders image upload component", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByTestId("image-upload")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders trust signals section", () => { + render(); + // Trust signals should be present + const trustSignals = screen.queryAllByText(/95/i); + expect(trustSignals.length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0); + }); + + it("renders how it works section", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByText(/How It Works/i)).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders featured plants section", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByText(/Featured Plants/i)).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders navbar", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByTestId("navbar")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders footer", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByTestId("footer")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders beta disclaimer", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByText(/beta/i)).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/app/results/results-page.test.tsx b/apps/web/src/app/results/results-page.test.tsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1d3b6c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/app/results/results-page.test.tsx @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest"; +import { render, screen, waitFor } from "@testing-library/react"; +import ResultsPage from "@/app/results/[imageId]/page"; + +// Mock Next.js navigation +vi.mock("next/navigation", () => ({ + useRouter: vi.fn(() => ({ + push: vi.fn(), + back: vi.fn(), + })), + useParams: vi.fn(() => ({ imageId: "test-image-123" })), +})); + +// Mock API +vi.mock("@/lib/api/identify", () => ({ + identifyPlant: vi.fn(), +})); + +// Mock ResultsDashboard +vi.mock("@/components/ResultsDashboard", () => ({ + default: ({ loading, error, response }: any) => ( +
+ {loading && Loading...} + {error && Error: {error}} + {response && Results for {response.predictions?.length} predictions} +
+ ), +})); + +// Mock LoadingSkeleton +vi.mock("@/components/LoadingSkeleton", () => ({ + default: () =>
Loading...
, +})); + +// Mock EmptyState +vi.mock("@/components/EmptyState", () => ({ + default: ({ title }: any) =>
{title}
, +})); + +describe("ResultsPage", () => { + beforeEach(() => { + vi.clearAllMocks(); + }); + + it("renders loading state initially", () => { + const { identifyPlant } = require("@/lib/api/identify"); + // Make identifyPlant never resolve + identifyPlant.mockReturnValue(new Promise(() => {})); + + render(); + expect(screen.getByTestId("results-dashboard")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders error state when identification fails", async () => { + const { identifyPlant } = require("@/lib/api/identify"); + identifyPlant.mockRejectedValue(new Error("Image not found")); + + render(); + + await waitFor(() => { + expect(screen.getByTestId("results-dashboard")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + }); + + it("renders results when identification succeeds", async () => { + const { identifyPlant } = require("@/lib/api/identify"); + identifyPlant.mockResolvedValue({ + predictions: [ + { + diseaseId: "early-blight", + disease: { + id: "early-blight", + name: "Early Blight", + causalAgent: "Alternaria solani", + causalAgentType: "fungal", + severity: "moderate", + symptoms: ["Dark spots"], + treatment: ["Remove leaves"], + lookalikeDiseaseIds: [], + plantId: "tomato", + }, + confidence: { raw: 0.85, adjusted: 0.82 }, + lookalikes: [], + }, + ], + metadata: { + model: "mock-model", + inferenceTimeMs: 150, + imageId: "test-image-123", + }, + }); + + render(); + + await waitFor(() => { + expect(screen.getByTestId("results-dashboard")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/components/EmptyState.test.tsx b/apps/web/src/components/EmptyState.test.tsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..80a14b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/components/EmptyState.test.tsx @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest"; +import { render, screen, fireEvent } from "@testing-library/react"; +import EmptyState from "@/components/EmptyState"; + +describe("EmptyState", () => { + it("renders title", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByText("No Results")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders description", () => { + render( + + ); + expect(screen.getByText("Try adjusting your search terms.")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders CTA button with label", () => { + const onAction = vi.fn(); + render( + + ); + const button = screen.getByRole("button", { name: /Clear Filters/i }); + expect(button).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("calls onAction when CTA button is clicked", () => { + const onAction = vi.fn(); + render( + + ); + fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /Try Again/i })); + expect(onAction).toHaveBeenCalled(); + }); + + it("does not render CTA button when no actionLabel provided", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.queryByRole("button")).not.toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders illustration emoji", () => { + render(); + expect(screen.getByText("🔍")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders default illustration when none provided", () => { + render(); + // Default illustration should be present + const container = screen.container; + expect(container.querySelector(".text-5xl")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders with custom className", () => { + render(); + const container = screen.container; + expect(container.querySelector(".custom-class")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/components/ErrorBoundary.test.tsx b/apps/web/src/components/ErrorBoundary.test.tsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..73bc224 --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/components/ErrorBoundary.test.tsx @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from "vitest"; +import { render, screen, fireEvent } from "@testing-library/react"; +import ErrorBoundary from "@/components/ErrorBoundary"; + +// Component that throws on render +function ThrowOnRender() { + throw new Error("Boom!"); +} + +describe("ErrorBoundary", () => { + const originalEnv = process.env.NODE_ENV; + + afterEach(() => { + process.env.NODE_ENV = originalEnv; + }); + + it("renders children when no error occurs", () => { + render( + +
Hello World
+ + ); + expect(screen.getByTestId("child")).toBeInTheDocument(); + expect(screen.queryByText(/Something went wrong/)).not.toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders fallback UI when child throws", () => { + render( + + + + ); + expect(screen.getByText(/Something went wrong/)).toBeInTheDocument(); + expect(screen.getByText(/A leaf must have fallen/)).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("renders custom fallback when provided", () => { + render( + Custom error}> + + + ); + expect(screen.getByTestId("custom-fallback")).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("shows 'Try again' button that resets state", () => { + render( + + + + ); + const tryAgain = screen.getByText(/Try again/); + expect(tryAgain).toBeInTheDocument(); + + // Clicking Try again resets the error state + fireEvent.click(tryAgain); + // After reset, the child will throw again, so fallback reappears + // But the key is the button exists and is clickable + expect(tryAgain).toBeEnabled(); + }); + + it("shows 'Go home' link", () => { + render( + + + + ); + const goHome = screen.getByText(/Go home/); + expect(goHome).toBeInTheDocument(); + expect(goHome.closest("a")).toHaveAttribute("href", "/"); + }); + + it("shows error details in development mode", () => { + process.env.NODE_ENV = "development"; + vi.spyOn(console, "error").mockImplementation(() => {}); + + render( + + + + ); + + expect(screen.getByText(/Error details \(dev only\)/)).toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("does not show error details in production mode", () => { + process.env.NODE_ENV = "production"; + vi.spyOn(console, "error").mockImplementation(() => {}); + + render( + + + + ); + + expect(screen.queryByText(/Error details/)).not.toBeInTheDocument(); + }); + + it("logs error to console", () => { + const consoleSpy = vi.spyOn(console, "error").mockImplementation(() => {}); + + render( + + + + ); + + expect(consoleSpy).toHaveBeenCalled(); + consoleSpy.mockRestore(); + }); +}); diff --git a/apps/web/src/components/Footer.test.tsx b/apps/web/src/components/Footer.test.tsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ed8036a --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/web/src/components/Footer.test.tsx @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest"; +import { render, screen } from "@testing-library/react"; +import Footer from "@/components/Footer"; + +describe("Footer", () => { + it("renders footer element", () => { + render(